Public Health Report: Asthma Case Study in Aboriginal Community

This report presents a case study focusing on asthma in Indigenous Australian children, specifically addressing the challenges faced by a teenage Aboriginal boy named Gary. It begins with an introduction outlining the health issues, particularly breathing problems and lung infections, exacerbated by pollution and smoking habits. The report analyzes social and environmental determinants such as healthcare organizations, family influences, pollution, and natural disasters. It describes available services, including acute management, respiratory medication courses, and government initiatives to control risk factors. A critique of these services highlights the government's preventive approach and educational programs. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of early intervention and care for children to mitigate future health issues associated with asthma, referencing relevant literature to support its findings.

ASTHMA

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction................................................................................................................................1
Health issues described in the case study...................................................................................1
Analysis of social and environmental determinants...................................................................1
Description of services available to the affected people by health issue...................................2
Critique of services....................................................................................................................3
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................3
References..................................................................................................................................1

Introduction
This report is based on asthma in children. Children are profoundly suffering from
this disease because they have significant activities of playing and traveling from house to
school in pollution and adults are suffering from breathing problems due to the pollution and
smoking habits. The dust and pollution can create primary lung infections due to which the
level of asthma can increase. Children in Australia are suffering from breathing problems and
diseases before the time they are transitioning into higher education.
Health issues described in the case study
Health issue discussed in this report is about Asthma and associated diseases.
Nowadays, breathing has become a significant problem because there is an abundance of
pollution, and people are intaking a massive amount of infected gases on a daily basis which
becomes the reason for Asthma. It has been identified that reading disease and asthma is
highly found in Australians, and they are severely caused by lung infections (Lambrecht &
Hammad, 2015). Children in Australia are suffering from breathing diseases and problems
before the time they are entering into higher education. This is a severe and adverse
condition. In Manchester, most of the cases of asthma and lung infections are found in
children, and it depicts that the future of the country is in a bad state. Children who are ageing
above five are generally caught by lung infections and breathing problems easily. Australian
health care organization is taking severe actions regarding controlling the pollution and
providing appropriate health services to the people (Pavordet al., 2018). A question has been
raised that if mothers smoke during pregnancy or post-pregnancy period, then there are
chances that the child might also get caught by asthma and lung problems. Adults also needs
to take due amount of care regarding their breathing habits thus disease like Asthma should
not increase in the country.
Analysis of social and environmental determinants
There are several factors which are profoundly affected and influenced by asthma. These
factors include social and ecological determinants due to which this disease can increase and
cause at the same time (Jenkinset al., 2009).
 Social determinants

Social determinants include healthcare organization, family members, relatives,
government organizations, and activists which take actions to support the patient and
help him cure completely. At times social determinants can act negatively as well.
The patient might have to face several challenges, and social determinants can help
the patient to deal with the obstacles appropriately (Current al., 2017). The Australian
health organization is the primary social determinant in the case discussed. It is the
responsibility of the health organization to come up with specific treatments through
which the children and adult who are suffering from lung diseases can be cured, and
their issues can be resolved without the painful experience. If the parents of the child
are in calculating lousy breathing habits, then it will influence the child and his health.
 Environmental determinants
The environmental determinants include pollution, climatic conditions, natural
disasters, and environmental degradation due to which fresh air is not circulated in the
environment, and breathing problems can take place. Due to the breathing problems
and issues, children are the most common age group which can get caught. If any
natural disaster or industrial explosion takes place, then it will first affect the
breathing pattern of people, and then it will lead to other serious diseases associated
(Fahy, 2015). Asthma is one of the lung diseases due to which the health of people is
decreasing day by day.
Description of services available to the affected people by a health issue
It has been identified that the prevalence of asthma is high amongst indigenous Australians,
and it is causing a severe concern issue. It has become the responsibility of the Australian
health department to take necessary actions to control the increase of disease and eliminate
the risk associated with asthma (Hadnadjev & Ilić, 2011).
 Australian healthcare department has implemented acute or reactive management for
asthma symptoms through which it can be cured at the initial stages so that children and
adults do not have to suffer on a higher level.
 Respiratory medication course has been introduced for the patients through whom they
can take due care of themselves, and they can control their asthma. It is essential for the
patient to know about the disease (Hekkinget al., 2015).

 Amongst children, hospitalization has increased for asthma patients because the number
of patients is rapidly increasing, and it is essential to increase the number of hospitals so
that appropriate services can be rendered.
 The government has also taken necessary actions to control the risk factors which can be
a root cause of lung infections. If the root cause will be cured, then society will be able
to eliminate asthma from the initial stage. The Australian health department has also
described some pollution control actions so that clean air can be enhanced (Gagro,
2011).
Critique of services
The actions taken by the government regarding the health-related issues have been
considered as preventive. The actions were taken by the Australian health department to help
control the impact of asthma. If the healthcare department does not design the necessary
measures, then it cannot be controlled, and children and adult will have to suffer from it. The
Australian health department has also conducted several programs where knowledge has been
shared regarding the disease so that children can take due care of them, and breathing attack
can be reduced. The government has taken more emphasis on the age group of 5 to 15
because this disease is highly found in this age group. Government has also introduced some
health camps where the population can get examined, and if they are diagnosed with some
breathing problem, then immediate care will be provided (Brand, 2011).
Conclusion
In this report, a case study has been identified and evaluated where it has been found
that lung infections and breathing problems highly cause children. Some actions were taken
by the government, and Australian health department also discussed in this report. It is
essential to take due care of the children because lung infections and breathing problems can
increase rapidly, and it can also create significant problems in the future. If the children are
cured at the initial stages, then future issues can be eliminated.

References
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with asthma. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 12(4), 245-249.
Corren, J., Parnes, J. R., Wang, L., Mo, M., Roseti, S. L., Griffiths, J. M., & van der Merwe,
R. (2017).Tezepelumab in adults with uncontrolled asthma.New England Journal of
Medicine, 377(10), 936-946.
Fahy, J. V. (2015). Type 2 inflammation in asthma—present in most, absent in many. Nature
Reviews Immunology, 15(1), 57.
Gagro, A. (2011). Asthma in children.ActamedicaCroatica, 65(2), 169-178.
Hadnadjev, M., &Ilić, M. (2011).Smoking and asthma in children.MedicinskiGlasnik, 8(2).
Hekking, P. P. W., Wener, R. R., Amelink, M., Zwinderman, A. H., Bouvy, M. L., &Bel, E.
H. (2015). The prevalence of severe refractory asthma.Journal of Allergy and
Clinical Immunology, 135(4), 896-902.
Jenkins, C. R., Chang, A. B., Poulos, L. M., & Marks, G. B. (2009). Asthma in Indigenous
Australians: so much yet to do for Indigenous lung health. The Medical Journal of
Australia, 190(10), 530-531.
Lambrecht, B. N., &Hammad, H. (2015).The immunology of asthma.Nature Immunology,
16(1), 45.
Pavord, I. D., Beasley, R., Agusti, A., Anderson, G. P., Bel, E., Brusselle, G., & Frey, U.
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