This essay examines Australia's Closing the Gap (CTG) policy, a government initiative designed to address health and socioeconomic disparities faced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The essay begins with an overview of the CTG policy, its targets, and its aim to improve health equality. It then uses the case of Judy, a 57-year-old Aboriginal woman with type 2 diabetes and leg ulcers, to illustrate the application of the policy. The essay identifies a relevant CTG target related to Judy's health and analyzes three social determinants of health (income and social status, access to health services, and race) and their impact on Judy's well-being. It also discusses Judy's registration process with the CTG program and defines the roles of the Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS) and the Aboriginal Liaison Officer (ALO), highlighting their services and interrelationships within the healthcare system. The essay concludes by emphasizing the importance of the CTG policy in improving the health outcomes of Indigenous Australians and the need for effective implementation of its targets.