NUR3030: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health - Task A, B, C

This report, prepared for the NUR3030 course, critically analyzes the concept of social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB) within Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, contrasting it with Western definitions of mental health. The report explores the key differences between these perspectives, highlighting the cultural and spiritual dimensions central to SEWB. It then examines Aboriginal Medical Services (AMS), detailing their development, function, and alignment with primary healthcare principles. The report emphasizes the role of AMS in delivering culturally appropriate healthcare and promoting community-controlled health initiatives. Finally, it discusses the Aboriginal Community Controlled Health service, emphasizing its significance in applying social and emotional wellbeing through healthcare services and training programs, ultimately aiming to reduce mental disorders within Indigenous communities. The report draws on a range of academic sources to support its analysis, providing a comprehensive overview of the subject matter.

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Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Islander Health

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Task A: Alteration among an Aboriginal idea of social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB)
The term social and expressive wellbeing is mainly utilized by many indigenous and
Torres Islander consumers for defining the communal, spiritual and demonstrative aspects of a
consumer. Consumers are often thought of as being spiritually well when they do not have a
mental health disorder. Baba, Brolan, & Hill, (2014) examined that most of the indigenous and
Torres islander consumers believe that cerebral fitness and illness focus on the issues and do not
effective define all the elements that make up and impact wellbeing. Due to this issue, most of
the indigenous and Torres islander consumers favor the term communal and expressive
wellbeing.
The major difference among an Indigenous idea of social and expressive wellbeing
(SEWB) and mental fitness is that social and emotional aspect used for aboriginal consumers
where they can easily manage mental disorders while mental health is used for other peoples.
The most serious mental issues influencing the social and expressive wellbeing of Torres strait
and aboriginal consumers are mental disorders. It is found that aboriginal social focus on the risk
factors that lead mental health issues in the aboriginal consumers while emotional issues are
linked with the mental health of the consumers. In Australia, the term social and expressive
wellbeing is used in the relation of mental health in aboriginal and Torres islander consumers
(Campbell, Hunt, Walker, & Williams, 2015). Many aboriginal consumers are familiar with the
cultural background including emotional, environmental deprivation, social exclusion, and
sexual abuse. According to the world health organization, social and emotional wellbeing
(SEWB) indicates an indigenous and Torres islander idea of health which varies in significant
methods to the western concept of cerebral disorder.

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It is argued that SEWB defines a relatively distinct set of wellbeing domains and
principles and provides complete information related to health issues while mental health
provides less information about the patient’s health disorders. The major difference among
SEWB and mental wellbeing is that communal and expressive wellbeing is used for describing
the social, cultural wellbeing and emotional facts of a consumer. On the other hand, term mental
health is used to describe mental disorders and risk factors that lead to mental illness in the
consumers (Clifford, Shakeshaft, & Deans, 2012).
From recent literature, it is found that a consumer’s social and expressive happiness is
affected by past actions and policies while the mental health of a consumer is affected by the
previous activities. Mental wellbeing is an era that is mainly used by non-indigenous consumers
in order to define how consumers think and texture and how they manage with and income part
in their daily life activities. Dimer, et al., (2013) reported that in the relation of aboriginal and
Torres Islander consumers, numerous activities in the past have had a serious ongoing effect on
the social and emotional wellbeing. These contain dispossession from their lands and actions
followed by the consumers. On the other hand, the most common health problem influence social
and expressive happiness of Aboriginal and Torres consumers are mental disorders.
Task B: Aboriginal Medical Services
It is argued that the aboriginal medical services were developed and implemented in the
year 1971 that was the chief indigenous communal organized wellbeing provision in Australia.
Now, this is a key indigenous public by which greatest aboriginal facilities have stemmed
effectively. It is observed that Aboriginal Medical Services founded the aspect of indigenous
community organized health repair that objective is to enhance the health values in indigenous

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associations across Australia. Such kind of services evolved healthcare communities in Australia
which are capable to control and address health-related issues effectively. Gee, Dudgeon,
Schultz, Hart, & Kelly, (2014) described that the aboriginal medical services cooperative in
Redfern that delivers culturally appropriate healthcare to the Torres Islander and aboriginal
associations in central NSW. The services provided by AMS services delivered and handled by
professional aboriginal employees experienced with the health community.
From the previous investigation, it is found that Indigenous Medicinal Facilities is a kind
of multi-functional non for Profit Company that is developed to provide a comprehensive variety
of services. Such kind of facilities are evolved by developing health communities in Australia
and healthcare systems adopted medical services provided by AMS in order to resolve health-
related issues effectively. Hart, Cavanagh, & Douglas, (2015) examined that the first Aboriginal
Medical Services was evolved in the year 1971 in Sydney suburb which the aim of enhancing
access to health-related services. There are currently over 130 aboriginal medical services in
Australia. These kinds of services are unique in their management and functioning. It is reported
that Aboriginal Medical Service is a part of healthcare service which is operated and initiated by
the public aboriginal community in order to provide comprehensive, cultural and holistic
healthcare using healthcare networks and services. Therefore, using such services aboriginal
consumer is capable to obtain proper care and address healthcare-related issues effectively.
It is argued that Aboriginal Medical Services align with primary healthcare where AMS
communities provide a way to develop and implement effective programs that lead the health of
aboriginal consumers effectively. In the context of primary healthcare services, AMS networks
focus on prevention, comprehensive care and early intervention for health disorders (Le Grande,
et al., 2017).

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According to the world health organization principles of primary healthcare are linked
with the Aboriginal Medical Services in order to deliver appropriate services to aboriginal
consumers. Aboriginal Medical Services provide numerous training programs to the healthcare
services and helps to enhance skills in the relation of health disorders (Noble, et al., 2014). The
world health organization reported that around 50% of all primary healthcare services are
associated with the Aboriginal Medical Services where communities provide larger quality,
culturally and comprehensive healthcare to the consumers. In the context of primary healthcare,
Aboriginal Medical Services promote contestable funding and competitive service markets that
lead to the performance of healthcare services effectively.
Task C: Aboriginal Community Controlled Health service
It is observed that social and expressive happiness is a critical determinant of health
results for indigenous Australians that can be applied in indigenous community-controlled health
service by promoting healthcare. A main healthcare facility helps communities to apply social
and emotional wellbeing where communities can design training programs and connect services
with the aboriginal healthcare communities. It is identified that social and wellbeing comfort can
be applied using community services provided by aboriginal health community (Panaretto,
Wenitong, Button, & Ring, (2014) It is found that an indigenous community-managed health
facility is a primary health care in which social and emotional wellbeing can be evolved by
promoting aboriginal consumers towards healthcare services and helping in the reduction of
mental disorders.
It is true that aboriginal community controlled health play a crucial character in the
training the employees and employing aboriginal consumers. Therefore, using such process

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communities can apply social and emotional wellbeing in aboriginal consumers. With the help of
scientific facilities, health raise, community engagement, and cultural security the aboriginal
community can provide social and expressive happiness to the consumers. It is significant to
understand the risk factors that lead mental disorders in aboriginal people and providing proper
health intervention programs can help to manage health issues and the aboriginal health
community provides the best way where such a process can be implemented (Stewart, Sanson,
Eades, & Fitzgerald, 2012).
Therefore, it is reported that social and expressive happiness is significant for indigenous
people to control and manage health issues effectively. Using the patient-centered medical home
the social and emotional wellbeing can be applied as it contains healthcare models and common
care services by which the aboriginal health community can provide proper care to the patients
(Zubrick, et al., 2014). It is argued that by promoting health wellbeing, mental disorders and
health promotion social and expressive comfort is applied in the indigenous public and most of
the healthcare systems in Australia provide reliable health promotions for handling mental illness
in Aboriginal people.

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References
Baba, J. T., Brolan, C. E., & Hill, P. S. (2014). Aboriginal medical services cure more than
illness: a qualitative study of how Indigenous services address the health impacts of
discrimination in Brisbane communities. International Journal for Equity in
Health, 13(1), 56.
Campbell, M. A., Hunt, J., Walker, D., & Williams, R. (2015). The oral health care experiences
of NSW aboriginal community-controlled health services. Australian and New Zealand
journal of public health, 39(1), 21-25.
Clifford, A., Shakeshaft, A., & Deans, C. (2012). How and when health‐care practitioners in
Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services deliver alcohol screening and brief
intervention, and why they don't: A qualitative study. Drug and Alcohol Review, 31(1),
13-19.
Dimer, L., Dowling, T., Jones, J., Cheetham, C., Thomas, T., Smith, J., ... & Maiorana, A. J.
(2013). Build it and they will come: outcomes from a successful cardiac rehabilitation
program at an Aboriginal Medical Service. Australian Health Review, 37(1), 79-82.
Gee, G., Dudgeon, P., Schultz, C., Hart, A., & Kelly, K. (2014). Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Islander social and emotional wellbeing. Working together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Islander mental health and wellbeing principles and practice, 2, 55-68.
Hart, B., Cavanagh, M., & Douglas, D. (2015). The “Strengthening Nursing Culture Project”–an
exploratory evaluation study of nursing students’ placements within Aboriginal Medical
Services. Contemporary Nurse, 51(2-3), 245-256.

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Le Grande, M., Ski, C. F., Thompson, D. R., Scuffham, P., Kularatna, S., Jackson, A. C., &
Brown, A. (2017). Social and emotional wellbeing assessment instruments for use with
Indigenous Australians: A critical review. Social Science & Medicine, 187(4), 164-173.
Noble, N. E., Paul, C. L., Carey, M. L., Sanson-Fisher, R. W., Blunden, S. V., Stewart, J. M., &
Conigrave, K. M. (2014). A cross-sectional survey assessing the acceptability and
feasibility of self-report electronic data collection about health risks from patients
attending an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service. BMC medical
informatics and decision making, 14(1), 34.
Panaretto, K. S., Wenitong, M., Button, S., & Ring, I. T. (2014). Aboriginal community-
controlled health services: leading the way in primary care. Medical Journal of
Australia, 200(11), 649-652.
Stewart, J. M., SANSON‐FISHER, R. W., Eades, S., & Fitzgerald, M. (2012). The risk status,
screening history and health concerns of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
attending an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service. Drug and alcohol
review, 31(5), 617-624.
Zubrick, S. R., Shepherd, C. C., Dudgeon, P., Gee, G., Paradies, Y., Scrine, C., & Walker, R.
(2014). Social determinants of social and emotional wellbeing. Working together:
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health and wellbeing principles and
practice, 93-112.