This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples' wellbeing, examining the crucial role of Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHS) in providing culturally appropriate primary healthcare. It highlights the significance of self-determination in healthcare and the responsibilities of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workers (ATSIHWs) in bridging cultural gaps and promoting holistic wellbeing. The report addresses the challenges faced by both Aboriginal communities and healthcare providers, including barriers to primary care, autonomy issues for general practitioners, and the importance of cultural safety. It emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary teamwork, cultural mentorship, and the application of cultural safety principles to improve healthcare delivery and foster a sense of belonging and empowerment within Aboriginal communities. The report also covers the international context of self-determination and its relevance to Indigenous rights, concluding with the benefits of ACCHS and the importance of community leadership in supporting family and child wellbeing.