Value of Life and Abortion: Legal and Ethical Considerations

This essay delves into the multifaceted issue of abortion, examining its profound implications on the value of life. It explores the perspectives of various countries, such as Argentina, and analyzes the legal and ethical frameworks surrounding abortion policies. The essay emphasizes the importance of considering the rights and well-being of women, particularly in cases of rape, and advocates for comprehensive support systems, including access to contraception and healthcare. It also addresses the challenges of teenage pregnancy, the impact of societal norms, and the need for strict legal measures against sexual violence. The essay highlights the critical need for open dialogue, evidence-based policies, and a balanced approach that respects both the value of life and the autonomy of women. The essay evaluates sources using the CRAAP test. The essay proposes several recommendations for improving abortion laws and regulations.

VALUE OF LIFE
ABORTION

Table of Contents
VALUE OF LIFE ABORTION.......................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
1. Why this Topic?......................................................................................................................1
2. Three key sources....................................................................................................................2
3. Evaluation of Sources with CRAAP Test ..............................................................................3
4. Position Statement of life value abortion................................................................................4
5. Main Arguments......................................................................................................................5
6. TCA Preparation.....................................................................................................................8
7. Exam Strategies.......................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Abortion has become a major issues among the women of the world. It the most difficult
issue faced by any women during her pregnancy. The women have to deal with all the pains,
problems and other health issues if they go for an abortion. Many countries have also banned
abortion under the rules and laws of government policies. This decision has impacted a lot on the
growing population in the world, but the pain and torch er' s faced by the women while aborting
their child has been stopped in the world. The women who are being raped or those who was
forced to do unwanted sex, those women are allowed to go for the abortion. This condition of
abortion is also implemented in very countries. Around 90% of the countries of the world do not
allow their women to go for the abortion.
MAIN BODY
1. Why this Topic?
Ans – We had choose this topic because the women who are pregnant and have to go for the
abortion have to be very strong and courageous. It is not easy for a women to abort her own child
which she has carried in her womb. So to stop these problems the governments have taken many
initiatives by which they can reduce the abortion in the world. There are many women who faces
pregnancy at very early stage of life. These women are generally the teenagers or the women
lying in 20-24 years of age. Its very hard fro them to carry a child for 9 months in their womb
and after that if the situation of abortion arises, most of the women losses their lives in the
abortion process.(Daar, J. and Mutcherson, K., 2015) There are many girls who have very weak
uterus from their birth. For these women, giving birth to the child becomes much more difficult.
As the uterus cannot take the weight of the babies, the babies are automatically aborted which
can use many diseases and health issues to the women. That means that unwelcome pregnancy
and abortion are issues which are likely to have touched most people in one way or another. It’s
often a very painful time, a very difficult decision which feels like deciding between the lesser of
two evils, and many, if not most people in this society have scars, mixed feelings, and outright
pain about this issue. We’ve all heard that abortion stops a beating heart. It is a kind of variety of
murder and that those who value life will not only not have abortions, they do not even tolerate
those societies and environment which allows the women to go for the abortion(Abdel-Qader,
and et.al., 2018). The permission given to go for an abortion has made downfall in the life of the
1

society and facilitates sexual irresponsibility. The moral values for a women related with her
pregnancy issues are as follows:
 respect for life of women
 responsible action towards their health
 values their health and issues like pregnancy
 The women should be liberal and conservative regarding their health issues which they
have to take very seriously and apply carefully to the world we live in.
The value of life and respect for life are extremely important values, for instance both liberals
and conservatives claim to take them seriously, although they tend to demonstrate their claims
with different issues, conservatives, usually naming abortion and euthanasia as their “life value”
issues, while liberals call peace, gun control, and capital punishment their “life value” issues. But
the starting point here is that we all agree that human life is precious and to be valued(Meira,
A.R., 2017).
2. Three key sources
The three key sources are as follows:
(a) New abortion law contributes to sexist environment that harms everyone's
health.
The ideas presented in this key source was as follows:
 The laws and policies were made by the government to stop or make a control on the
abortions of the women in their countries.
 The laws were made regarding the reproduction system among the people so that the
country does not face problem of high population.
 The public health scholars and the international human rights organization gave a choice
regarding the reproduction in the humans. In this the women were free to take their own
decision regarding the number of child's she wants to have in the future.
 Any forceful act by the male or the husbands regarding the number of child's a woman
wants to have in her future will not work(Katz, J. and Tirone, V., 2015).
 The women are free to file a complaint against the males if they force them to have more
babies.
2

 The equality among the genders was also an issue faced by the world. In many countries,
the girl child is being aborted in the womb of their mother before their birth. This causes
many problems to the women when have to abort their girl child.
 In many cases the girl child is murdered just after their birth. After this the women are
again forced to become pregnant and till the time she does not give birth to a boy she is
torched by her family members(Szybowicz, E., 2017).
 Frequent pregnancy can cause the deaths among the females, so the government has
taken the measure that no female will get pregnant more than times(Couture, and et.al.,
2016).
(b) No going back : the two sides in Argentina's abortion debate
The ideas presented in this key source are as follows:
 Many initiatives were taken by the doctor Jael Ojvel such doing the promotions on the
social media which will include the harms and problems which can be caused to the
women if they will go for the abortion.
 As the abortion was allowed only in the countries like Argentina, the country made many
rule and regulation by which the abortion was done(Crane, D., 2018).
 In the case of rapes, the country allowed their women to go for the abortion. This
condition was also valid only for the starting 14 weeks of their pregnancy.
 The country always promoted this slogan that the “Abortion is not a solution for the
mother and the unborn babies.”
(c) Northern Ireland Abortion law clashes with the human rights, judges say
The ideas presented in this key source are as follows:
 The ideas were given in the supreme courts that if the women wants to go for the
abortion, they have have to clear the reason being the abortion.
 If the reason is found to be valid only after the permission was given to the women to go
for the abortion(Goldenberg, D., 2017).
 The abortion cases were taken into the court and is the woman eligible for the abortion
was decided buy the judges of supreme court.
3. Evaluation of Sources with CRAAP Test
We will evaluate the new abortion law contributes to sexist environment that harms
everyone's health.
3

 The CRAAP test a test to check the reliability of sources across academic disciplines.
CRAAP stands for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose. Due to a
vast number of sources existing online, it became a difficult task to tell whether these
sources are trustworthy to use the tools for research. The CRAAP test aims to make it
easier for both students and educators so that they can determine if their sources are trust
worthy or not? By employing the test while evaluating sources, a researcher can reduce
the likelihood of using unreliable information and those information which do not have
an strong base(Saurette, P. and Gordon, K., 2016).
 The first step is the checking of currency and amount of capital the country have to sace
the lives of rape victims and give the life to their child.
 The situation of abortion arise in the country is relevant or not? Many times the
complaints made by the women regarding their rape are wrong. In this the proper medical
test is done to confirm the reason of the pregnancy.
 The third step is the authority which was caused by the “structural sexism.” In this the
degree of systematic gender inequality in power and resources to which someone is
exposed. The pregnancy and health issues caused to the prostitutes which were not even
taken in measure by the government of the countries(Hoggart, L., 2015).
 The accuracy in the number or the data collected by the government in regard of the
abortions done in the countries in a years. The reasons behind the abortion and the health
care of the women of the country were evaluated.
 The purpose behind making laws and rules for the abortion system was to make control
on the reproduction method done by the people. The awareness about the growing
population must be generated in the people(Ralph, and et.al., 2018).
C= Currency The currency helps to know the financial
position of the countries. The number of the
abortion made in the countries are based on the
income of the people of the country.
R= Relevance The reason behind having the abortion must be
relevant.
A= Authority In this the abortion caused because of
4

inequality in the genders.
A= Accuracy The accuracy data which have the exact
information about the no of abortions made in
the country must be maintained by the
government.
P= Purpose The purpose was to make control on the birth
and abortion in the country.
4. Position Statement of life value abortion
This essay will argue that according to me the Argentina has made the correct laws and
regulations regarding the abortion of the women of their country. I suggest that every country
should make the laws an regulations regarding the abortion issues of the women of their
countries. As the country was allowing the abortions in the case of rapes, I would suggest some
more policies which the countries can make in to improve the conditions of the women and their
abortion system. My suggestions are as follows:
 In the case of rape, the women should be given with the right to have an abortion. In case
if the abortion is not possible, then the male who has rapped the women have to take
responsibility of their child either by marrying the women or by bearing all the expenses
of the child and their mother(Miller, G. and Valente, C., 2016.).
 I suggest that the country should make the strict laws and policies for the males
regarding the rape issue. The policies may contain the long term punishment in the jail or
the life long living in the jails by which the chances of rape will stop in the country.
 The precautions which can measure the pregnancy among the women should be
distributed free to people so that the women will not face pregnancy in frequent time
period(Friberg-Fernros, H., 2017).
 I suggest that these precautions should be given for the free to the sex workers and to
those institutes which allows sex activities. In this the free medical checkups and the
awareness about the pregnancy and diseases related to intercourse should be spread ed
time to time.
5

 I think that the country should take strict action against the prostitution done by the
teenagers and small girls. This should be made illegal and the people who are forcing the
teenager girls to do these kinds of activity must be punished by the law.
 The abortion done in married women or the women who were not raped and those are
pregnant before their marriage, should not be provided with the abortion facility. If these
women's will be provided with the facility of going from an abortion, then every women
of the country will demand form it and the it will badly affect the health and safety of the
women.
 The women should not be allowed to have the intercourse with the men as their part
time jobs. There are many women who do this as their part time activity. They are not
the actual sex worker so they are provided with all the medical facilities.
 So these women should be more conscious while doing theses kinds of jobs as their part
time incomes(Furedi, A., 2016).
5. Main Arguments
(i) Abortion caused because of rape.
 The abortion caused because of the rapes creates difficulties during and after pregnancy,
with potential negative consequences for both the rape victim and a resulting child.
Medical treatment following a rape case includes testing for the preventing and managing
pregnancy among the women.
 A woman who becomes pregnant after a rape may face a decision about whether to raise
the child, to make an adoption plan, or to have an abortion.In the month of November
Alabama which is an Organization for civil right moment in America has passed a law
which was regarding the banning of abortions at any time period with no exceptions for
rape or incest.
 The abortion can be done only if the mother's health is at risk. Two other states – Ohio
and Mississippi – have passed similar legislation, which also do not include exceptions
for rape or incest. (Abortion caused because of rape.2019[Online]. Available
through :https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/05/24/rape-and-incest-
account-few-abortions-so-why-all-attention/1211175001/)
 Georgia passed a bill banning abortions after six weeks and includes the exceptions, but
requires an official police report alleging the crimes.
6

 The research shows that out of 4 every 3 case of being raped or sexual assault is not filed
as a case in the legal system. It was found that out of every 1,000 rapes only five cases
are convicted and the criminal is given the punishment.
(ii) Abortion caused in the prostitutes.
 From exploring prostitute centers of Cambodia, I released late last year it was found that
while an astounding 30 % of the total number of maternal deaths in Cambodia are caused
by abortions, the number of women gets bumped to 40 % when you look exclusively at
sex workers.
 The Global Health Promise of Portland has discovered that the causes of maternal deaths
among sex workers anywhere in the world are caused by the pregnancy in the women. In
interviews with 271 women who were the sex workers across four major cities in
Cambodia, gave information about 194 deaths caused in a year because of the pregnancy
or unsafe intercourse.(Abortion caused in the prostitutes.2017[Online]. Available
through:https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/qv4zgb/an-abortion-is-still-a-death-sentence-
for-many-cambodian-sex-workers)
 It was found that the major cause of the death were because of the HIV infection which
was high in amount especially in the prostitute centers.
(iii) Abortion caused in unmarried women.
 A survey was conducted among 549 unmarried women aged 15–24 who had obtained an
abortion in year 2007–2008 at one of 16 clinics run by the non governmental organization
in the countries like UK and US.
 83% of women realized they are pregnant within the first two months of their pregnancy,
and 91% within the first three months of their pregnancy.
 84 % decided before the end of the initial three months to go for an abortion, but only
75% obtained one in this period.
 One in six participants said that pregnancy had resulted from a non consensual sexual
encounter, and such reports were more frequent among those who obtained from the
abortion done in 2nd to 3rd month of their pregnancy.
 Women who were aged or the women who belong from the well educated family were
not forced to abort their child or take any health related risk. The family supports the
women by taking care of herself and her unborn baby.(Abortion caused in unmarried
7

women.2010[Online].Availablethrough:https://www.guttmacher.org/journals/ipsrh/
2010/07/abortion-experiences-unmarried-young-women-india-evidence-facility-based)
 Whereas the family which belongs from the rural areas or who have very backward
mentally, the force their women to go for the abortion and take all the risky measures
which can also cause death.
 Sex education programs and know ledges which are highlight as the important factor for
the recognizance the symptoms of pregnancy early in gestation, and of obtaining an early
abortion if a pregnancy is unwanted for the unmarried women.
(iv)Abortion caused in teenagers
 The abortion is caused in the teenagers because of they have lack of ability to take
additional responsibility of their child.
 The lack of financial sources to care for the pregnancy-related expenses and for raising
the child became the biggest reason for the abortion in the teenagers.
 Most of the teenagers do not get family support to take care of the mother and the child.
 The poor physical health of the woman or girl are major cause of death.(Abortion caused
in teenagers.2019[Online].Availablethrough:https://www.momjunction.com/articles/
teenage-abortion_00398331/#gref)
6. TCA Preparation
The TCA is a law given by the government of US in which the laws were made
according to the different situations and issues arise in regard of abo0rtion among the women
and girls. The TCA was prepared for making laws for the criminal abortion and criminal
miscarriage penalties. The laws made in this TCA were the Attempt to procure a miscarriage
meant that the administration of any substance with the intention to procure the miscarriage of a
woman or the use or employment of any instrument or other means with such intent. Every
person who compels, coerces, or exercises duress in any form with regard to any other person in
order to obtain or procure an abortion on any female commits a misdemeanor. A violation of this
section will be made against the criminal(Rohlinger, D.A., 2015).
7. Exam Strategies
Strategies used in TCA to achieve success:
 Defining the goals which will include laws regarding abortion of the women in different
cases.
8

 Acquiring support from the public of UK and US.
 Developing a communication between the people of UK and US and the government by
taking the help of media and newspapers(Smyth, L., 2017).
 Presenting the plans in front of the people in such a way that they easily adapt them.
 Operating on the laws and regulations made in the country.
CONCLUSION
The report can be concluded by giving a brief about the topic “value of life abortion”, so
that the awareness can be made among the people to have an safe intercourse which will not
create a need of abortion among the women. The need of using the proper protections and
precaution which will help in controlling the population of the country and the diseases spread ed
among the people which can became a cause of death. The women who are teenagers and facing
pregnancy are facing many issues which are mentioned in the report. The pregnancies occurred
in the prostitutes and the sex workers have to go to medical check ups and they are permitted
with the abortion. The abortion policies of the Argentina are clearly explained in the report and
the initiatives taken by them were helpful in controlling the abortion in the women of their
nation.
9

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Abdel-Qader, and et.al., 2018. Low-Molecular–Weight Heparin versus Unfractionated Heparin
in Pregnant Women with Recurrent Abortion associated with Antiphospholipid Syndrome.The
Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (October 2018),73(5), pp.6616-6620.
Meira, A.R., 2017. Abortion and Family Planning. In Family Planning. IntechOpen.
Katz, J. and Tirone, V., 2015. From the agency line to the picket line: Neoliberal ideals, sexual
realities, and arguments about abortion in the US. Sex Roles, 73(7-8), pp.311-318.
Couture, and et.al., 2016. Endorsement of abortion: the differential impact of social perspective
on women and men.Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology,34(2), pp.210-220.
10