MGMT20140 Assessment 2 Report: Accident Detection System

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MGMT20140 ASSESSMENT 2 – REPORT
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Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3
Problem statement.......................................................................................................................................4
Future work by design thinking approach in problem-solving.....................................................................4
Critical evaluation of design thinking tools.................................................................................................4
Implementing prototyping in the issue of accident detection.......................................................................5
Alternative perspectives for design thinking................................................................................................6
Innovative solutions....................................................................................................................................7
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................8
References...................................................................................................................................................9
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Introduction
Accidents refer to the unintentional or unexpected acts result in injury or damage to involved
people and vehicles. Accidents have become common circumstances all over the world whether
metropolitan cities or rural areas. Accidents have transformed into one of the main causes of
major human loss. Accidents not only cause human loss but also economic loss. Many times,
people die or get a serious injury on the accident spot due to delay in getting treatment or calling
to hospitals. In Australia, accidents occur out of cities are difficult to detect by the hospital or
medical service providers. Therefore, the problem has been revealed as a problem in detecting
accidents out of cities. For solving this issue, design thinking is considered as one of the most
effective tools. Design thinking has been developed mainly to solve complex problems through
innovative and creative ideas.
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Problem statement
Accidents mostly happen on roads due to several causes such as distracted driving, high-speed
limit, damaged roads, road rages, fog, heavy rains, snow, animal crossings and street racing and
many more. Even after numerous regulations and laws, the number of accidents has been
growing rapidly mainly out of cities. In such cases, detection of accidents becomes difficult that
may lead to huge injury or damage (Khaliq, et. al., 2018). In Australia, these accidents have been
causing major damage to human and economic growth. However, the growing population may
also cause accidents and therefore, need for detecting accidents has been aroused.
Future work by design thinking approach in problem-solving
Design thinking promotes innovation and creativity skills which are highly preferred by
managers for dealing with complex problems. Growth in accidents has been a vicious source for
the economic and human loss of Australia. Accidents do not cause as much loss to humans as
delay in their treatment of information to the hospital. Detection of accidents out of cities has
been a difficult task due to less population residing or roaming there (Denning, 2013). Using
design thinking, we will become able to identify the best possible solution to the problem of
accident detection out of cities. The design thinking approach will help us in finding out the best
innovative solution using a process of empathy, define, ideate, prototype and test. We will get
assistance in generating more number of innovative ideas for getting the best solution to the
accident detection problem.
Critical evaluation of design thinking tools
Design thinking has gifted several tools and techniques to designers, managers or innovators.
Prototyping considers as one of the most common and beneficial tools for design thinkers.
Prototyping defines as the process of constructing a model of a product designed mainly for
testing certain process or concept. Developing a product involves utilization of a huge amount of
resources including finance, raw materials and human resources (Simon, & Cox, 2019).
Therefore, prototyping helps in assessing whether such an investment of resources would be
effective in solving the identified problem. In prototyping, product dummies or models are
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prepared similar to mock-ups for testing and after testing, the outcomes show requirements of
further improvements.
These improvements ensure the invention of best possible solutions to the problem. However,
prototyping considers a time-consuming method since the identification of further improvements
involves repetition of stages such as empathy, define and ideate (Medlej, et. al., 2017). Using
prototyping, enhancement of product efficiency can attain success by reducing time and costs of
developing a product. In enables users or customers to feel the product before it launches and
generates their feedback for making further improvements. It enables easy and direct interaction
with users through the prototype which is also useful in generating their feedback. With
prototyping, it becomes more convenient to increase user involvement in product development
that can effectively fulfil their needs or solve their problems (Blomkvist, 2016). Product
efficiency increases not only for the designers but for the users as well. The users get their
desired products and services within their allocated budget.
However, certain cons have been realized by design thinkers by using prototyping as a key tool
for problem-solving. Development of prototype involves additional cost to the organizations or
product developers and may also create misunderstandings in the users’ minds (Mirica, et. al.,
2013). The users may misinterpret the prototype as the final version of the product while it is just
a model that requires further improvements for transforming into the final product.
Implementing prototyping in the issue of accident detection
We used prototype tool for undertaking the design thinking process. Firstly, we analyzed the
problem and generated ideas as per the user expectations. We generated numerous ideas and
finalized the best solution to the accident detection problem out of cities in Australia. We
identified that a mobile application may help the people suffered from an accident in informing
or calling the nearby hospital or other medical service providers (Krzysztof, et. al., 2016). Based
on this, we developed a prototype of a mobile application that would work on sensors designed
especially for detecting accidents within the area.
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(Figure: Prototype of a mobile application for accident detection)
(Source: By Author, 2019)
As per the prototype, a mobile application would require downloading by users within their
mobile phones. Every mobile phone comes with several sensors such as colour sensors,
proximity sensor, accelerometer sensor, touch sensor, GPS receiver sensor, temperature sensor
and magnetometer sensor and many other sensors. The mobile application would automatically
connect with all these sensors integrated within the mobile phone. On the occurrence of
accidents, the sensors in the mobile phone would help in transmitting accident information
through the mobile application (Foley, 2012). This application would undertake information
transmission using nearby network tower of 3G, 4G, 5G or other cellular networks. This network
would send this information to the nearby hospitals or medical services provider. Their server
would process the accident information and provide alert notifications to them. Hospital or
medical service provider would allow reaching the accident spot based on the most rapid
response. We identified that in this way, the accident victims would get assistance in getting
quick response and treatment and this would prevent accidental deaths or major injuries.
Alternative perspectives for design thinking
Other alternative tools of design thinking are also helpful for solving the accident detection
issues out of cities in Australia. Empathizing regards as one of the most powerful tools of design
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thinking. Empathizing provides a key foundation to the design thinking process as well and the
primary stage of generating different ideas for the given solution. Empathizing refers to the act of
understanding and sharing the same feelings as others (Brosnan, et. al., 2014). It means putting
ourselves into the shoes of other individuals for generating an understanding as what they feel
about a particular problem or situation. It helps in gaining a better understanding of other
person’s problems by viewing the problem or world through the eyes of other people.
A deeper understanding of people's emotions and needs assist in generating better ideas and
solutions to the problems. It involves direct interaction with the people and identifying how the
problem may affect or is currently affecting the lives of people. With such information, the
design thinker becomes able to reveal the most effective and innovative solution to the problem
for minimizing the impact. Using the empathizing tool, the design thinking further progresses
encompassing other stages since this tool serves the foundation (Gottlieb, et. al., 2017). These
days, empathy has generated a crucial part for businesses to strive continuously for creativity and
innovation. In another way, businesses can use empathy for understanding what customer wants
and needs and developing the best products and services as per this.
Innovative solutions
Accident detection has become one of the most serious concerns for Australia and other
countries worldwide. For accident detection out of cities in Australia, the mobile application is
the most suitable solution. The mobile application would link to mobile sensors such as
accelerometer and GPD receiver and so on. Using these sensors, after the occurrence of an
accident, the sensors would transmit accident information through 4G or 5G network connection
to the hospitals or emergency medical service providers. These providers would receive
information and their server would undertake information processing step. The nearby hospitals
or medical service providers would get notifications and the most rapid response would allow the
hospital to locate the information and reach to the accident spot. This innovative solution would
enable to reduce the number of accidental deaths due to delay in treatment or reaching to
hospitals.
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Conclusion
The main problem revealed in this report is difficulty in detecting accidents out of cities in
Australia. Design thinking approach has been utilized for finding the best solution as it involves
the integration of innovative and critical thinking skills. The innovative solution has been
identified as the development of a mobile application for detection of accidents at remote areas
or out of cities. Design thinking has always been a preference for individuals or organizations to
strive for innovative solutions. For the current problem, prototyping has been used in which a
model of the product is developed for examining whether the process or concept of the product
would be effective in problem-solving.
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References
 Alan R. Foley. (2012). Designing a Mobile Application: The Case of
iAdvocate. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 3(1), International Journal of
Designs for Learning, 01 January 2012, Vol.3(1). DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14434/ijdl.v3i1.1380
 Blomkvist, J. (2016). Benefits of Service Level Prototyping. The Design Journal, 19(4),
545-564. DOI: 10.1080/14606925.2016.1177292
 Brosnan, Hollinworth, Antoniadou, & Lewton. (2014). Is Empathizing intuitive and
Systemizing deliberative? Personality and Individual Differences, 66(C), 39-43. DOI:
10.1016/j.paid.2014.03.006
 Denning, P. (2013). Design thinking. Communications of the ACM, 56(12), 29-31. DOI:
10.1145/2535915
 Gottlieb, Michael, Wagner, Emilie, Wagner, Alexei, & Chan, Teresa. (2017). Applying
Design Thinking Principles to Curricular Development in Medical Education. AEM
Education and Training, 1(1), 21-26. DOI: 10.1002/aet2.10003
 Khaliq, Raza, Chughtai, Qayyum, & Pannek. (2018). Experimental validation of an
accident detection and management application in vehicular environment. Computers and
Electrical Engineering, 71, 137-150. DOI: 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2018.07.027
 Kurc Krzysztof, Szybicki Dariusz, Burghardt Andrzej, & Muszyńska Magdalena. (2016).
The application of virtual prototyping methods to determine the dynamic parameters of
mobile robot. Open Engineering, 6(1), 55-63. DOI: 10.1515/eng-2016-0006
 Medlej, M., Stuban, S., & Dever, J. (2017). ASSESSING THE LIKELIHOOD OF
ACHIEVING PROTOTYPING BENEFITS in Systems Acquisition. Defense A R
Journal, 24(4), 626-655. DOI: 10.22594/dau.17-774.24.04
 Mirica, K., Azzarelli, J., Weis, J., Schnorr, J., & Swager, T. (2013). Rapid prototyping of
carbon-based chemiresistive gas sensors on paper. Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(35), E3265-E3270. DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1307251110
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 Simon, & Cox. (2019). The role of prototyping in mathematical design thinking. Journal
of Mathematical Behavior, Journal of Mathematical Behavior. DOI:
10.1016/j.jmathb.2019.100724
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