Administering and Monitoring Medicines and Intravenous Therapy Report

This report provides a detailed overview of the administration and monitoring of medicines and intravenous therapy, covering key aspects such as legal frameworks, including the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) guidelines and the Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981, and ethical considerations. It addresses the roles and responsibilities of nurses, emphasizing patient safety and infection control practices. The report outlines schedules of medications (2, 3, 4, and 8), dosage forms (capsules, drops, inhalants, liquids, lotions, ointments, patches, powders, tablets, wafers, and suppositories), and their handling, storage, and calculation methods. It also discusses pharmacotherapeutics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, including the effects of drugs and adverse reactions like anaphylaxis and contraindications. The report also details common adverse effects, precautions, and the management of complications such as phlebitis, acute immune hemolytic reactions, and medication-related hives, providing comprehensive information relevant to healthcare practice.

Administer and monitor
medicines and intravenous
therapy

Table of Contents
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17

1. The functions that are set by the health practitioner regulation national law are undertaken by
Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia(NMBA).The key role of these nurses is to protect the
public. All the enrolled nurse cannot administer intravenous medicines. With a notation the
nurses cannot administer these medicines and without a notation they can administer these
medicines (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia(NMBA), 2017). By undertaking further
relevant education the nurse can expand their scope of practice.
2. By using these laws medicines and poisons can be controlled
Licences – The people who manufacture , sell or supply medicines and poisons are authorized
from this.
Permits – The people are allowed to buy or purchase poisons for the provision of health
services.
Under the drugs, poisons and controlled substance act 1981 licences and permits are controlled.
Under the drugs, poison and controlled substance regulations 2017 they are also controlled.
 The key objective of drugs, poisons and controlled act substance 1981 is to see to it that
no harm is caused to the public from the medicines and poison that are been
manufactured. And also to the pole who are trained properly and equipped the medicines
are supplied to those people (McClung and Lewiecki, 2013).
 The nurses nee to practice in a way in order to make sure that rights, privacy, dignity and
respect of people who are receiving care are upheld. When addressing people with
distinct values and beliefs they should maintain equitable care.
 The enrolled nurses should accept accountability and for their action they take they
should be take responsibility for that. In all aspects of nursing practice they should
promote safety for self and others(Drugs, poisons and controlled substance act 1981,
2017).
 In order to contribute to plan out appropriate care they need to interpret information from
a range of sources. According to guidelines of workplace these nurses make use
technology of health care
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 While promoting their independence they provide skilled and timely care to people. To
the people who are capable enough to meet their needs they provide care to those pole.
2

5. The main aim of this standard 3 is to reduce the danger for people who are receiving care in
taking preventable information and by making use of evidence-based strategies enable the
effective management of infections when they take place. The health acre connected infections
are considered as preventable. The development of resistant infectious agents is been reduced by
infection prevention and control practice. Through isolation of patients with infectious disease it
minimized the risk of transmission. Across the health care system successful infection prevention
and control practice neds a range of plans and strategies.
6. At least daily the patients with an intravenous access device must have IV site checked in
order for the signs of infusion phlebitis. When the bolus injections are administered the cannula
site must be observed. The nurses should plan and document continuing care and for the needs of
patients they should use smallest gauge cannula.
7.

a) Schedule 2:
Morning (9.30 am) Nabilone- With the healing this medicine will
be helpful.
Afternoon Secobarbital- The properties of anxiolytics,
sedative is there in this drug. It is given to the
patient who have being administered for the
treatment of cancer.
,

a) Schedule 3:
Morning (9.30 am) Aveed- It is type of reaction that takes place at
the time of giving therapy such as injection of
testosterone.
Afternoon Belbuca-It is a long-term treatment. It will be
useful in the pain control.
3

c)Schedule 4
Morning (9.30 am) Alidrin- In Isometheptene, Paracetamol etc
this medicine is seen.
Afternoon Ambien- This is given to the patients who are
suffering from sleeping disorders
 ,
d) Schedule 8:
Morning (9.30 am) Pethidine-It is a pain killing drug and relief
will be given to the patients.
Afternoon Morphine- In order to control brain function it
will be helpful
8.
Forms Examples Handling Calculation
(specify the
formula where
appropriate)
Administratio
n
Storage
Capsules Gelatin
capsules
Works well
machinery
Easy to
handle for
manual
filling
purpose.
Tapped bulk
density of
substance x
capsule
volume
For oral
administration
it a common
drug.
 Store
the
capsule
away
from
direct
rays of
sun .
 From
the hot
water
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store
capsule
away.
Drops Amoxicillin
eye drops
If there is any
allergy the
doctor need
to be
informed.
C16H19N3O5S In the infected
eye instill 1-2
drops.
At or below 20
C store this
eye drop
Inhalants Fluticasone This can
handled
easily.
C25H31F3O5S AT age of 4
yrs and later
the medicine
dose can be
given
Store it away
from sunlight.
Liquid Dexamethason
e as liquid drug
The
protective
gloves need
to be wear
for handling
it.
C22H29FO5 It need to be
given per 5
mL.
Keep it away
from sunlight
and heat.
Lotions and
creams
Tretinoin
cream
With care it
need to be
handled
C20H28O2 It can be given
to both adults
and children
Store it at a
room
temperature
Ointments Ketoconazole
ointment
It easy to
handle.
C26H28Cl2N4O4 It is for
tropical
administration
only.
At room
temperature
store this
medicine in a
closed
container.
Patches Nitroglycerin The hands C3H5N3O9 Do not Store it at
5

patches need to be
washed .
start,stop
drugs without
concerning
with the
doctor.
room
temperature
And away
from access
heat and
sunlight
Powders Cholestyramin
e powder
The dentist
needs to be
visited for a
god care for
teeth.
C21H30ClN. From the other
drugs it
administration
need to be
different
Store it in a
dry place.
Store it at a
room
temperature.
Tablets Tab
Acetaminophe
n
The hands
need to be
dry when
handling this.
C8H9NO2 In mg and mL
it administer
so that the
given dosee is
right.
Keep it out of
reach of the
children
Store it at a
room
temperature
Wafers Ondaz Zydis
wafers
To be take
handled with
great care
C18H19N3O The active
ingredient of
ondansetrum
are there in it.
At or below -
20 C store the
wafer
Suppositories Dulcolax For disposal
care need to
be taken
C22H19NO4.C22H
19NO4.
At approx 16.5
hours the
plasma
elimination
half-life of
BHMP is
estimated
Store it at a
room
temperature
Protect it from
heat
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For a specific medication capsules are drugs that can be used. It need to be stored in a cool and
dry place and also it can be handled manually. Weight = Tapped bulk density of substance x
capsule volume is the calculated formulae for capsules.
The eye drops such as Amoxicillin can be used. By the health profession the use of drops is
prescribed. It is important to store drops in appropriate temperature and the prescribed
temperature is below 20 and C16H19N3O5S is the calculated formula.
For the people who are suffering from respiratory disease such as asthma inhalants are sued
generally. The inhalers need to be stored away from the sunlight and it is not so complex to
handle inhalants and calculation formula to it is C25H31F3O5S.
Liquid drug treatment need to be kept away from sunlight and heat. The 5 to 10 ml per day is the
average intake quality of liquid medication and C25H31F3O5S is the calculated formula.
For dressing the lotions and creams are sued and it formula is C20H28O2.
At room temperature it need to be kept and need to kept away from children and adults,
For tropical administration ointment are used and it should be kept at room temperature that is
cool and dry place The hand's need to be washed in order to handle patches as it is the
mostsensitive part of treatment. The Suppositories need to be handled properly but the users' ad
keep it in a cool and dry place. The calculation formula for this is C22H19NO4
9.In order to give a drug pharmacotherapeutics is the clinical purpose. In order to regulate and
maintain blood pressure vasopressors need to be administered. The effect of the body on the drug
is pharmacokinectics. Over the addiction of heroin methadone affects an individual getting over
it. Pharmodynamics deals with the effects of the drugs.To the drug it is related and it has an
effect on the human body. The zolpidem will be advised to the person who is suffering from
insomnia.
10. It includes the adverse effects of chemical substance on human beings. After the
consumption if chemical substances toxicology involves the adverse side effects is caused to
human body.
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11. When the immune system of humans react to a substance then adverse reaction takes
place. In comparison with adverse reaction anaphylactic reactions are more severe and
are potentially life-threatening. Some of the symptoms are as follows-:
 Flushing of Skin
 Swallowing difficulty
 Fluctuation in heart rate
 Asthma attacks
12. In order to treat acne in pregnancy isotretinoin drug is used as there is a danger of defect in
birth. In people certain decongestants are contraindicated and need to be neglected. A
contraindication is a specific situation in which a drug, procedure, or surgery should not be used
because it may be harmful to the person
13.For an instance before taking medicine such as antihistamine the side effects will be
dizziness, upset stomach etc however precautions will be that before consuming medicine tell the
doctor about all conditions of medical such as heart disease, diabetes etc. The hands,cloves etc
need to be used in order protect oneself form infections.
14.
Pain at IV site and arm: Phlebitis .At the time of blood transfusion it takes place due to blood clot
in vein.
Acute immune haemolytic reaction with signs and symptoms such as loin pain, nausea, vomiting.
When the red blood vessel get destroyed then it will take place due to individual immune system.
haematuria and headache: Haematology and oncology. This take place due to incompatibility of
large volume of red blood cells after 24 hours of blood transfusions.
Hives – Medication , food or insect bites. Before and after bloods transfusion this large
circulation takes place.
Flushing, chills or fever: Rheumatic fever. At the time of blood transfusion it will take place due
to bacterial contamination of blood products.
Anxiety:Stress, side effects of medicine. It takes place due to bacterial infection.
Wheezing, progressing to cyanosis:Cynosis,Dyspnea. At the blood infusion site it takes place.
Anaphylactic reaction including tachycardia, cardiac arrest or shock that may lead to
death:Anaphylaxis. Due to bacterial contamination in blood products it will take place.
15.
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Right medication: The order need to be checked and the medication label is also checked.
Right dose: The order need to be checked and using the reference of current drug the dose
appropriateness is confirmed (Lapidus and Murrough, 2014).
Right prescription (documentation):After giving the ordered medication the document is
administered. The time , route etc need to be chart as per necessity.
Right route: As per the route that is ordered check the order
Right time:The also dose confirmation need to be done. The frequency of the ordered medication
ned to be checked.
Right person:The patient need to be asked to recognize themself. And use 2 identifies.
Right expiration date:For this the document need to be checked.
Right to refuse: If the patients are not willing to undergo the operation then they have given the
right to refuse.
16.
 In the system the drug needs to be get rapidly.
 In swallowing medication ether will trouble
 In the stomach it will not be absorbed very well.
 By digestion the effects of drugs will be decrease.
The drug is placed in between the gums and the cheek in the buccal route administration. For
example tablets, films and sprays. In the mouth first the drug is held against the mucous
membrane of the cheek till the time it dissolves. There is no need to swallow the medicine.
17.
Metered- Dose inhaler:
 With soap and warm water hands should be washed thoroughly.
 The cap need to be removed and the inhaler need to be hold upright.
 The inhaler need to be shaked
 Through the mouth breathe out slowly.
 As recommended by the doctor hold the inhaler.
 In order to release medication press the inhaler
 For 10 seconds hold the breathe and allow the medication to reach out to lungs.
 With water rinse the mouth
 The water need to be spit out.
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 The mouth need to be rinsed
Spacer
 The cap need to be taken off the inhaler and spacer
 The inhaler need to be shake
 To the inhaler attach the spacer.
 In between the teeth put the spacer
 Into the spacer spray 1 puff
 Slowly keep breathing
18.
By washing the hand with soap and water the hand hygiene need to be ensured. Before and after
the procedure the hands need to be washed with soap and water.
 With soap and water wash the hands
 The medicine, water and towel need to be gathered
 Using a pill crusher crush pills into a powder.
 Add water to the crushed medicine in a small medicine cup
 From G-tube remove plug
 With 30 mL water flush G-tube
 Into the syringe draw up medicine
 After giving the last medicine flush G-tube with 30 mL water.
19.By washing the hand with soap and water the hand hygiene need to be ensured. Before and
after the procedure the hands need to be washed with soap and water.
 Before use of nasal spray blow the nose
 Before using it shake the canister or spray bottle.
 Into the nostril put the bottle
 The head needs to be hold upright and the other side of nostril need to be close
 Towards the back and outer side of nose direct the tip of bottle .
 As the spray is squeezing in the nose breather in gently.
20.
 Against the orders of the doctor check MAR.
 The seven rights that is right dose, right reason, right documentation etc need to be
performed
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