Network Design Report: Upgrading AML's Network for Future Growth

This report presents a comprehensive network design and IP addressing plan for Advanced Medicos Limited (AML), a digital health company. AML aims to upgrade its network to support its web-based health services and accommodate future growth. The report analyzes AML's current network infrastructure, which includes two buildings and five departments, and identifies the need for a modern, scalable network. It details the IP addressing scheme using VLSM subnet calculation to efficiently allocate IP addresses for each department, including software development, production, marketing, accounting and finance, and administration, as well as servers. The report also addresses network hardware requirements, emphasizing value for money and quality of service (QoS) considerations. Security aspects, including the protection of network devices, are discussed. The report includes logical and physical network diagrams to visualize the proposed network architecture. The conclusion highlights the importance of optimizing networks through appropriate IP configurations and provides a bibliography of relevant sources. This report is a valuable resource for students studying data communications and networks, offering practical insights into network design and implementation.

Running head: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note:

1DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Overview......................................................................................................................................2
IP Addressing...............................................................................................................................2
User Network Requirements........................................................................................................3
Network Hardware requirements.....................................................................................................4
Value for money..........................................................................................................................4
Quality of Service........................................................................................................................4
Security........................................................................................................................................5
IP Addressing Plan for network.......................................................................................................5
Network Diagram............................................................................................................................8
Logical Network Diagram...........................................................................................................8
Physical network Diagram...........................................................................................................9
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................9
Bibliography..................................................................................................................................10

2DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
Introduction
Overview
System of Advanced Medicos Limited (AMS) provides several health services. AML
intends in providing health services by using web along with the system used by them. AML is
looking to upgrade their system. Current network of AML is old and should be replaced. They
want to use latest technologies for their organization with network that could accommodate load
for next few years also. Marketing and software development are inside building A and other
departments are inside building B. Network is switched network having no support of wireless
network. Connection of every workstation, printer as well as other devices are done with wired
network. Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)’s support is also not there. There is currently no
connection among these two buildings. Access from one building to another building is done by
web portal.
The report attempts in showing that how essential it is in optimizing the networks through
applying IP configuration that is favorable within routers of the business networks. This report
shows the calculation of IP requirements for all departments of building A, building B and
headquarters and how these must be configured. A table is also shown in this report describing
the IP requirements for every department of building A, building B as well as headquarters.
IP Addressing
The table include address spaces that are to be allocated for every branch along with the
headquarters. Address spaces’ optimal allocation is conducted by VLSM subnet calculation. IP
addresses are displayed and written in notations that are readable by human. Size of address’s

3DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
routing prefix is designated within CIDR notation through suffixing address through number of
few significant bits.
User Network Requirements
The headquarters of the AML organization is in between two three story building.
Therefore, the network of the organization is required to be distributed among the three building
A, B and the headquarters. The network for the organization is required to accommodate around
150 employees. In addition to this there are five departments in the organization and allocations
of the machines are required to be allocated as per description provided below:
Software Development - 80 workstations, 10 printers – a total of 90 IP.
Production - 10 workstations, 2 printers – a total of 12 IP.
Marketing 5 workstations, 4 printers – a total of 9 IP.
Accounting and Finance 5 workstations, 3 printers – a total of 8 IP.
Administration 5 workstations, 2 printers – a total of 7 IP.
Building A have, Marketing and Software development departments. The marketing and
Finance and Accounting departments are within building B and the Administrators are in Head
Quarters. In addition, this, an additional accommodation for the 3 servers are required to be
done in the server room which is to set up in the headquarters.

4DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
Network Hardware requirements
Value for money
Reliable, high quality network hardware as well as cabling of data center are the
requirements for the infrastructure of technology with high performance. For successful team of
IT, it helps in driving more business. This is life cycle of the network. Many nuances are there to
hardware investment which few organizations do not consider. Opportunity for reducing capital
expenditure (CAPEX) spends are there, however it needs pre-owned incorporating hardware.
Using blended solution for pre-owned and new software, where all things make most sense
within the infrastructure, creates potentially challenging and unique opportunity for maximizing
the value in the investments. However, IT experts would fall into familiar pattern to buy only
new hardware. There is prevailing concept of new hardware that this is extremely reliable as well
as features low rate of failure, more dependable when compared to pre-owned equipment.
Spending in IT is really balancing act among hardware, services and software.
Quality of Service
Quality of Service (QoS) is description of service’s total performance like computer
network or service of cloud computing, especially performance as seen by the users within
network. For quantitatively measuring QoS, many aspects of service of network are considered
often like packet loss, throughput, availability, bit rate, jitter and transmission delay. In computer
networking’s field, QoS refers to the control mechanisms of resource reservation and traffic
prioritization instead of achieved quality of service. QoS is ability for providing different priority
for the different users, flows of data or applications or for guaranteeing certain performance level
to flow of data. QoS is essential for traffic’s transport with the special requirements. The
developers introduced the technology of Voice over IP for allowing the computer networks in

5DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
becoming useful as the telephone networks are used the audio conversations, along with
supporting new applications having stricter requirements of network’s performance.
Security
Devices of infrastructure of network are network’s components which transport the
communications that are needed for services, applications multi-media and data. Such devices
consist of firewalls, routers, switches, servers, systems for intrusion detection, load balancers,
storage area networks and domain name systems. Such devices are the appropriate targets for the
malicious actors of the network as all or most customer and organizational traffic should ass by
them. The attacker with the presence on gateway router of an organization could monitor, deny
and modify the traffic from and to the organization. The attacker with the presence over internal
switching and routing infrastructure could monitor, deny and modify traffic from and to the key
hosts within the network as well as leverage the trust relationships for conducting the lateral
movements for other hosts. Individuals and organizations that use unencrypted, legacy protocols
for managing services and hosts make credential harvesting successfully for the malicious actors.
Those who controls network’s routing infrastructure, controls flowing of data by the network.
Infrastructure devices of the network are easy target for often for the attackers. There is no
maintenance of the network devices once installed, at similar security level.
IP Addressing Plan for network
IP which must be used by the organization for the sub netting of network is provide by
the organization. 172.16.138.0/21 is to be used. The following Addressing plan can be used for
network:

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Main Network: 172.16.136.0/21. IP addresses available within major network: 2046. Number of
IP addresses required: 129. IP addresses available within allocated subnets: 188. There is use of
about 10% of available primary network address space. There is use of about 69% of sub netted
network address space.
Subnet Name
Neede
d Size
Allocate
d Size
Address
Mas
k
Dec Mask
Assignable
Range
Broadcast
Software
Development
90 126 172.16.136.0 /25
255.255.255.1
28
172.16.136.1
-
172.16.136.12
6
172.16.136.12
7
Production 12 14
172.16.136.12
8
/28
255.255.255.2
40
172.16.136.12
9 -
172.16.136.14
2
172.16.136.14
3
Marketing 9 14
172.16.136.14
4
/28
255.255.255.2
40
172.16.136.14
5 -
172.16.136.15
8
172.16.136.15
9
Accounting
and Finance
8 14 172.16.136.16
0
/28 255.255.255.2
40
172.16.136.16
1 -
172.16.136.17

7DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
172.16.136.17
4
5
Administratio
n
7 14
172.16.136.17
6
/28
255.255.255.2
40
172.16.136.17
7 -
172.16.136.19
0
172.16.136.19
1
Servers 3 6
172.16.136.19
2
/29
255.255.255.2
48
172.16.136.19
3 -
172.16.136.19
8
172.16.136.19
9

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Network Diagram
Logical Network Diagram

9DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
Physical network Diagram
Conclusion
AML is digital health organization that sells products of healthcare. AML intends in
providing health services by web. However, upgradation is required in the system of AML. They
decided to upgrade the system by using latest technologies with network that could
accommodate load. This paper attempts in showing how crucial it is in optimizing networks
through applying IP configuration which is favorable within the routers of the business networks.
This par shows IP requirements’ calculation for all departments of the buildings and how these
must be configured. A table is shown also in the report which describes IP requirements for all
departments of the buildings.

10DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
Bibliography
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Connectivity between IP Networks. International Journal of Current Engineering and Scientific
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through interprofessional engagement and education. Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences
and Practice, 16(1), p.9.
Edwards, J. and Bramante, R., 2015. Networking self-teaching guide: OSI, TCP/IP, LANs,
MANs, WANs, implementation, management, and maintenance. John Wiley & Sons.
Ghosh, U. and Datta, R., 2015. A secure addressing scheme for large-scale managed MANETs.
IEEE transactions on network and service management, 12(3), pp.483-495.
Goralski, W., 2017. The illustrated network: how TCP/IP works in a modern network. Morgan
Kaufmann.
Medhi, D. and Ramasamy, K., 2017. Network routing: algorithms, protocols, and architectures.
Morgan Kaufmann.
Medhi, N. and Saikia, D.K., 2017. Openflow-based scalable routing with hybrid addressing in
data center networks. IEEE Communications Letters, 21(5), pp.1047-1050.
Mumtaz, S., Alsohaily, A., Pang, Z., Rayes, A., Tsang, K.F. and Rodriguez, J., 2017. Massive
Internet of Things for industrial applications: Addressing wireless IIoT connectivity challenges
and ecosystem fragmentation. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, 11(1), pp.28-33.

11DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS
Ning, H., Fu, Y., Hu, S. and Liu, H., 2015. Tree-Code modeling and addressing for non-ID
physical objects in the Internet of Things. Telecommunication Systems, 58(3), pp.195-204.
Ren, S., Yu, D., Li, G., Hu, S., Tian, Y., Gong, X. and Moskowitz, R., 2019, August. Routing
and Addressing with Length Variable IP Address. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2019
Workshop on Networking for Emerging Applications and Technologies (pp. 43-48).
Shang, W., Yu, Y., Droms, R. and Zhang, L., 2016. Challenges in IoT networking via TCP/IP
architecture. Technical Report NDN-0038. NDN Project.
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WSN in vehicular scenario. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(10), pp.3939-3947.