Agile Development Frameworks for Enterprise Systems

This essay explores the effectiveness of agile development frameworks, specifically DSDM and XP, in developing large, complex enterprise systems. It uses the example of West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board to illustrate how these frameworks and their tools can address challenges such as competing requirements, diverse cultures, and user trust. The essay discusses how these frameworks enable developers to prioritize requirements, manage effort and time, and address issues related to user values and organizational culture. It also examines the impact of culture on the success or failure of system development and provides examples of competing cultures and personal values within the context of the case study. The essay concludes that agile software tools play a crucial role in resolving problems and enhancing organizational success.

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ESSAY 1
Do agile development frameworks provide the necessary tools to develop
large, complex enterprise systems made up of multiple views, cultures, and
competing requirements?
Introduction
The agile software development demonstrates a set of various principles for the purpose of
development of software in which the solutions and the requirements will evolve around the
efforts of a collaboration of the teams of an organization. Further, it exponents the planning,
development through evolution, constant improvement, delivery and also enhances the flexible
and rapid change to response. Furthermore, the organizations which implement the agile
software are able to provide more satisfaction to the customers than before, the communication
within the organization gets improved, etc. Moreover, the essay will help in understanding that
the frameworks of agile software development offer the required tools and techniques in order to
develop and create large, complicated systems of the organizations are made up of various views,
competing necessities and the cultures with ease.
Further, the example of an organization i.e. West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board
will be taken in order to use the agile software as the organization is facing various problems
while performing activities and the operations for the welfare of children. Furthermore, the tools
which are available within the framework will be discussed and how it allows the developer in
order to prioritize the necessities. Then, the application and the evaluation of the selected tool
will be discussed and how it supports the developer in order to manage effort and time. Also, the
issues in relation to the effect of culture on failure and success of the software development

ESSAY 2
system will be discussed. Then, the evidence of distinct personal values along with the problems
of trust will be discussed.
Discussion:
Appropriate software development framework
The example of West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board has been taken and it is being
observed that the DSDM (the method of dynamic system development) and XP (extreme
programming) are the most appropriate framework for software development as the organization
wants to enable the online self-assessment, enables monitoring of all the activities with
appropriate communication, enables the data sharing among the other LSCBs along with the
secured data, etc. Further, the DSDM and XP are the most suitable one for the organization and
can be implemented with ease in order to carry out the activities adequately for the welfare of
children. Moreover, the DSDM is the agile framework of delivery of a project, and it is mainly
used as a method of software development. It is defined as the framework that integrates much of
the knowledge about the management of the project. The DSDM framework is being used in
order to solve the complicated problems with ease (Cohen, D., Lindvall, M. and Costa, P., 2003).
Also, the framework of DSDM can be used for the traditional and agile processes of
development. Furthermore, the implementation of DSDM framework is extendible, simple and
most importantly it is based on the best principles of the software development process. Further,
if West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board will use the framework of DSDM as the agile
software development framework, then the organization will be able to identify the issues in the

ESSAY 3
activities at the initial stage only without occurring any loss. The functionality will be delivered
at the constant intervals; the bureaucracy will be eradicated, and the organization will be able to
draw data from the systems which are the existing ones.
West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board should also implement the framework of
extreme programming as this framework will also be suitable for the organization to issues their
existing problems. This framework mainly helps in improving the level of communication within
the organization and makes the process of operations faster. Further, the XP focuses on the
responsiveness and the quality in order to fulfill the changed requirements of the customers. The
organization should implement the framework of DBMS along with the XP as this is the great
combination of agile software development tools and further, the organization will be able to
resolve all the issues and will be able to communicate effectively with other LSCBs. Moreover,
the organization is facing the issue of storing the data and also securing it from misuse. So, both
these framework of agile software development will help the organization to perform various
activities and operations for children effectively and efficiently so that they can lead a safe and
healthy life (Greer, D. and Hamon, Y., 2011). Therefore, the XP sets the minimum change cost
by offering basic principles, values, and practices. The implementation of XP framework makes
the system flexible which will be advantageous for the organization.
Available tools within the framework
There are various tools which are available within the framework of DSDM. Firstly, time-boxing
helps the organization to achieve the desired goal within a time period of two-six weeks. Further,
the tool will help the organization to keep track of all the operations and the activities which will
help in storing the data. Also, with the help of this tool the activity can be changed during the

ESSAY 4
iteration of time box which will further enable the quick response to the needs of the
organization. The DSDM framework of agile software development uses functionality while
delivering the products and services on time. Moreover, the second tool within the framework of
DSDM is MoSCoW rules as it helps in completing the desired operation on time and within the
budget without any wastage of the resource and the cost. Further, it is being observed that the
requirements of the users get changed during the time of procedure according to the demand of
the situation, this tool will help the user to make the changes in-between the processes. The users
become aware of the possibilities of technicality and the changes in the environment i.e. both
internal and the external environment.
Moreover, there are various tools within the framework of XP as well. Firstly, coding as the
coding helps in keeping the information and the data secured from the misuse and further, every
employee will not be able to decode the information. Also, the coding will be used in order to
identify the most suitable and the desired solutions for the problem. Furthermore, the
organization will be able to determine various solutions by using the coding tool of XP
framework. Also, the coding tool helps in making the process of communication easy, and the
programs can easily demonstrate the strategies in order to achieve the desired goal. The next tool
is testing as this helps in understanding the uncertainties of the operations and the activities
which are to be conducted. Then, the next tool is listening as the programmer has to know
exactly what the customer wants. Similarly, West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board
will ensure that what are the requirements of children and how the data can be secured by having
the effective communication with the other LSCBs. Further, the last tool of XP is designing. It is
being observed that it is very important that the system must run with simplicity and the

ESSAY 5
designing tool makes it possible and also makes the enough storage of data without damaging the
information (Cockburn, A. and Highsmith, J., 2001).
Therefore, if West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board will implement both the
framework of agile software development the organization will be able to record and monitor all
the identified actions from the audit. Further, the evaluation of LSCB will be recorded. Also, the
organization will be able to keep the record of the desired information of the organization and
will be able to provide the report of ad hoc to the shareholders and the senior management team.
Enables developer to prioritize the requirements
It is being observed that by using the DSDM and the XP framework of agile software
development, the developers will be able to prioritize the requirements adequately. If we take the
example of West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board, the developers will be able to
analyze and prioritize the needs in order to run the operations smoothly for the better future of
children. After installing both the frameworks, the developers will initiate the process of coding
by assigning a label to each and every segment of the text. Furthermore, this will help the
developer to re-arrange the data in better and understanding manner. Then, the analysis of the
content is being performed and is further categorized according to the factors which will help the
developer to prioritize the requirements. Further, the conceptual architecture will be made on the
basis of three aspects i.e. process, environment, and the product. Firstly, the aspect of
environment will rely on the attributes of the shareholders, requirements and the constraints of
the project along with its nature. However, it is important to identify the project constraints like
scheduling, risk, cost, etc. in order to prioritize the necessities in agile. Secondly, the process will

ESSAY 6
include all the necessary steps which will be required in the process of prioritization. Thirdly, the
product will help in outlining the result of the process (Abrahamsson et al., 2002).
Furthermore, West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board can use the process of hierarchy
in order to prioritize the requirements as this will help in generating the backlog which will be
important for the desired project of the organization for the better future and the safety of
children. Further, in the setting of agile, the necessities with the greater priority are implemented
first in an iteration, and this is known as the backlog of the sprint. It is being observed that the
prioritization highly relies on the constraints of the project and its nature in order to help the
developer to effectively utilize the frameworks of agile software development along with its
tools and the techniques. It is believed that in the development of agile, the customer satisfaction
is the main goal which is to be achieved. Further, West Health Local Safeguarding Children
Board will be able to fulfill their main objectives like eliminating the problem of storage and
offering better future to children through the activities and the operations of their organization.
Furthermore, the framework of conceptualization will help the developer to get the better
understanding of the activities of the organization and then prioritize the requirements in the
development of agile (Dybå, T., and Dingsøyr, T., 2008). The stakeholders are the most
important part when it comes to prioritizing the requirements. Therefore, it is important to
formulate the process systematically as this will help the developer to prioritize the requirements
effectively and with ease.
Framework captures the issue of ‘user values,' ‘culture' and ‘user trust.'
Culture is known to the cumulative deposit of attitudes, knowledge, experience and beliefs. It has
significant influence on the implementation of a particular system in an organization. Here, the

ESSAY 7
culture of organization highly influences the agile system development framework in a
significant manner. It interrupts the DSDM and XP implementation by arising different personal
and organizational barrier. For example, coordination is absent in the organizational
environment. Due to this problem, various problems and complexities faced by system developer
during the development of XP and DSDM software in working of organization (Lindstrom, L.,
and Jeffries, R., 2004). The culture of an organization shapes the behavior and working of
organization staff which ultimately influence their performance in performing their day to day
tasks. Due to this, it can be said that culture plays an important role in shaping the behavior of
people which ultimately influence their performance and development of agile software
framework.
On the other hand, the second important issue capture by the agile software framework is user
values. Values of a user are different from the other user. In the same manner, working style of
them also different from others. This influences their performance and system success in a
significant manner. For example Head person of organization valued honesty in their
performances and tasks. Such user value brings improvement and sincerity in their performances,
and they highly contribute towards the success of system development. Another important issue
which influences the system development framework and their performances is user trust. Lack
of user trust brings dissatisfaction whether the system performs well or not. For example, in the
given case the chairperson of the organization did not trust on IT software other than paper
works (Martin, R.C., 2003). This perception of the user prevents him from utilizing his overall
efficiency. Furthermore, it can be said that involvement of user trust in the implementation of
system software enhance their efficiency and also brings growth opportunities for the current
organization.

ESSAY 8
Application and the selection of the selected tool from the development
framework
The DSDM and XP are being selected as the framework of agile software development because
of their various advantages and the minimum cost in implementation, etc. Further, if we take the
example of West Health Local Safeguarding Children Board, then we will find that both the tools
will beneficial for the organization as the organization will be able to resolve the existing issues
like the problem of communication and the storage along with the privacy of data, keeping track
of records while making an ad hoc report, etc. Moreover, if we talk about the application of tools
then we can clearly state the agile software development requires the involvement of the user and
the developer in order to run the activities effectively and efficiently as this enables the
organization to take the effective and appropriate decisions. DSDM mainly focuses on the
frequent products delivery. Furthermore, DSDM and XP helps in keeping track of all the
activities of the organization till the final products, and the services are being provided to the
consumers (Dingsøyr et al., 2012). After each step, the documentation is being made and taken
into the account at the time of next phase. The significant aspect of the DSDM framework is that
addresses the existing needs of the organization and also focuses on the critical functions. Also,
the development of both the frameworks of agile software development is incremental and
iterative. However, the changes in the development are reversible. Furthermore, the testing of the
software is being carried through the life-cycle of a project. Also, the cooperation and the
communication is required in order to implement the framework of the agile software
development productively.
It has been observed that the XP is one of the most adopted methodologies of the agile. As a
result, it improves the communication within the organization. Also, it offers simplicity and the

ESSAY 9
frequent feedback to the organization in relation to the operations and the activities. Furthermore,
in the application of the XP, the focus is on the customer’s priority as it represents the
requirements of the organization in order to release the system. Also, the approach of XP
includes minute functionality system of releases along with the testing conducted by the
developer before finalizing the particular code. If we take the example of West Health Local
Safeguarding Children Board then we can clearly understand that the application of XP and the
DSDM is the most suitable one for the effective functioning of the organization as this will help
the organization to face the existing the problems and eradicate them completely Erickson, J.,
(Lyytinen, K., and Siau, K., 2005). Also, XP focuses on the collaborative and the team
development. The knowledge transfer will take place in respect to the approach of RAD as well,
and the organization will be able to make the reports at the time of audit according to the section
11 for the welfare of children.
Supports developer to manage effort and time
The chosen tool from the agile development framework are DSDM and XP. They both play an
important role in solving the information related problems of the organizations. For example, in
the given case the staff members of WLSCB facing lots of problem regarding a collection of
information and their storage for preparing audits to make policies. With the help of DSDM and
XP software, they can significantly resolve their problem. DSDM helps the staff members by
developing different systems dynamically. It utilizes independent tools which help the
organization staff to conduct its structured analysis as well as object-oriented analysis. This
analysis helps them in maintain an information loop to collect the customer and society member

ESSAY 10
feedbacks in the effective manner (Ghani, 2013). Furthermore, to resolve the information storage
problem, DSDM mainly utilize the incremental prototyping method which enables the
organization member to develop a new system for storing their necessary information. It also
helps them in maintaining privacy and serving the child and teenagers in an effective manner.
On the other hand, XP also plays an important role in managing the time schedule and efforts of
individual staff members. For example, chairperson of the organization did not trust on the
information system software. It is because of their fewer security features and high ambiguity.
XP tool of agile software removes such fear of chairperson by introducing him with its security
features. Apart of it, XP tool of agile software also delivered working software which makes the
functioning and day to day work of employees easier and efficient. It delivers organization
success by enhancing the transparency level. This was enhanced by bringing technical efficiency
and effective designs of transparent software. Thus, it can be said that both tools of agile
development framework helps WLSCB in resolving its issues and gaining a competitive
advantage by offering better protection policies.
Issues relating to the impact of culture on success and failure of a system
development
Culture is considered as a system of shared assumptions, beliefs, traditions, and values which
forms and governs how people should behave in a particular organization and society. It can be
said that the organization culture influences the success of DSDM and XP agile system in greater
extent. The environment in which the WLSCB operates greatly influences the practices utilized
in implementing the desired system to solve the problem. Implementation of DSDM and XP
helps the organization in recording its information in a suitable manner which further brings

ESSAY 11
growth opportunities for the organization (Sani, 2013). The ecosystem of the organization
includes different developers, vendors, stakeholders, and project team which utilize and work on
the DSDM and XP system in the organization. In that situation working of the system and its
implementation high influences from their experience and knowledge which brings the system in
the failure situation. The implementation of XP system and DSDM system brings change in
organization culture and business process. Thus, it can be said that organization culture plays an
important role in the implementation of DSDM and XP system in day to day functions of
WLSCB organization which enforces better children policies and their workings. DSDM and XP
system development in the organization is highly influenced by user values. It is because user
values determined by social actions which shaped by social context. User values influence the
system development by his behavioral and attitudinal outcomes (Awan, 2016). On the other
hand, system development is also influenced by user trust. It can be said that trust plays an
important role in the development of a particular system. In the absence of proper user trust, they
will not utilize its functions effectively which ultimately reduces the level of productivity.
The most significant issue which fails the overall system development is a mismatch with the
local culture. The occurrence of globalization means that widely used technologies are not only
to be approved but also need to accept in local cultures as with the prevailing norms. There is a
high possibility of occurring clash when the both selected system does not fit in the organization
culture or the local culture. It can be said that success of system development highly depends on
congruence between the XP and DSDM culture and host culture. Implementation of both the
systems in the organization can be fragmented due to the internal culture of the organization.
Another important issue in the success of development project is the way in which both DSDM
and XP systems are treated, perceived, and integrated within the organization (Hamed, 2013).

ESSAY 12
Proper implementation of systems requires localization in order to gain success. By doing so,
WLSCB can effectively maintain its audit by managing the collected information. This
ultimately develops the healthy relations with other members which bring high level of
coordination. Furthermore, the most significant issue in the success of development of systems
is a lack of ownership culture. It is a fact that lack of ownership brings a system in a failure
situation. It is the responsibility of top executives to manage the organization culture effectively.
This will further bring success in implementation of the system, and the desired result can
produce by using it in a significant manner. On the other hand, it can be said that understanding
of the internal and external culture of an organization is vital duty of management executives
because it influences the implementation of the system in a greater manner (Cantone, 2014). In
the absence of proper management, implementation tasks cannot perform in a required manner
which brings uncertainty and system will fail in producing the desired result. So, if WLSCB
wants to implement the DSDM and XP system in the desired manner, it should try to develop
user trust which ultimately changes the project in the direction of success.
Users of the system
As per the given case study, the users of the system will be LSCB Manager, Chairperson, Head
person, and manager of IT departments, police, and other associates. Implementation of DSDM
and XP help all the above-mentioned users in an effective manner. All above mentioned faced lot
of problem due to the poor system framework of the organization. They faced lots of pressure
which ultimately reduces their efficiency level. Adoption of DSDM and XP system significantly
help them in maintaining their time schedule and work effectively. The first and foremost
important user of DSDM and XP software is LSCB manager (Plonka, 2014). She is handling the
overall auditing work and collecting lots of information from different working organizations.

ESSAY 13
Due to the lack of information recording system she performs a lot of paper-based activities
which consume more time. Implementation of both systems reduces her workload and she can
able to manage her personal and professional life. With the help of both systems, she can get a
grip on the software development projects and can effectively store information by using it. On
the other hand, implementation of both systems facilitates her in collecting information by the
more convenient way and in a fast manner. Thus, it can be said that development of both systems
produce positive outcomes for the LSCB manager and can ultimately give time to other activities
also.
On the other hand, the second user of both systems will be the chairperson of WLSCB.
Utilization of both systems enables the chairperson to follow all activities happening in the
environment of an organization. Due to this, the chairperson can get necessary information as
and when required. Utilization of DSDM and XP system will help the chairperson in maintaining
an electronic copy of its audit spreadsheet which can easily transmit to others. Generally, it has
found that chairperson of the organization does not trust the electronic softwares. In this
situation, it is necessary for the chairperson to develop trust and perform activities once. After
using software one time, he can easily understand their importance and benefits.
Another user of the developed system will be a head person of the organization. With the
utilization of both software head person of the organization can significantly delivered their
projects and information on timely basis within predetermined budget (Larusdottir, 2016). It can
be said that XP system mainly focuses on customer involvement, due to which they can easily
collect information regarding the feedback and viewpoint of society members towards working
of their organization. On the other hand, they can produce the result in the desired manner.

ESSAY 14
Furthermore, another user of the system will be the manager of IT department and others. Both
software will produce significant benefits for the managers by reducing their pressure and effort
level. It is because of both software consistent with the modern development methods and has
the capability to produce required outcomes for the organization as well as the user. Utilization
of both software saves their time which they can consume in the development of other software
and managerial strategies which ultimately brings a lot of growth opportunities for the
organization as well as the user.
Examples of competing cultures
The given case study contain lots of competing for culture examples which encourage the
WLSCB to work as per the method of such organizations. Competing for culture is considered
one of the most extensively used and influential model in the area of organization culture
research. The presence of competing culture motivates the different business organization to do
their best and get the competitive advantage over their competitors. In the same manner,
competing for culture can be seen in the given case study. The main reason behind competing
culture is to encourage WLSCB organization to manage their information effectively and work
in a competitive manner. The first and foremost example of competing culture is the police
organization. This cover more than one LSCB to capture the large number of data which helpful
in developing significant audits for the success of the organization (Tri, 2016). WLSCB should
also follow the system used by police organization to manage their data which ultimately useful
in maintaining work activities of different functions. By doing this, the organization can
significantly resolve the problems of its employees up to a certain limit which helpful in
managing their efficiency.

ESSAY 15
Another example of competing culture is some LSCB organization of different branches which
utilized the RAG (Red, Amber, and Green) system. It is utilized to identify the extent that
different organizations compliant with customer and society member queries. Utilization of RAG
system by other branches of WLSCB helps them in managing information loop and queries of its
members. WLSCB should also use RAG rating approach to get the feedback from its society
members of customers in an effective manner. This will help the organization in measuring the
responses of different child and teenagers regarding its policies and services. On the basis of
such responses, the organization can significantly improve its functioning and policies to serve
the society protection requirement in the significant manner (Cantone, 2014).
On the other hand, the other and most important example of competing for culture is another
branch of WLSCB which commissioned an IT organization to maintain its different information
technologies functions. The IT organization of the WLSCB branch manages its overall
information and develop necessary software to manage its working. This will effectively provide
the competitive advantage in the country. It works by using advance IT software which avoids all
problems and makes the functioning of the organization very easier. In the same manner,
WLSCB should also form an IT company to manage their technical works and developing
different software (Kruchten, 2013). Work by using advance software improves their efficiency,
and they can introduce such plan and policies which provide high protection to children as well
as teenagers. Furthermore, utilization of software make easier its day to day task and manage the
efficiency of its employees. By doing so, they can significantly give importance to another
activity of organization and can also conduct market research to determine further opportunities
of expansion.
Evidence of distinct personal values and the issues of trust

ESSAY 16
In the case study, lots of personal values can identify which gives us significant knowledge and
information about the importance of values in performing day to day activities. In the same
manner, some issues of trust also identified in the case which gives us significant understanding
about the requirement of trust in making the system successful. For example, first personal
values identified in the LSCB manager is passion and hard work. It can be said by seeing her
passion towards the development of her policies. To make them effective, she conducted
research to identify dangers and risk factors. Her determination towards her work makes her
different from other staff members of the organization. Another personal value identified in the
chairperson of the organization is independency (Rumpe, 2014). Due to independency value, he
is free to take his decisions and can easily maintain the confidentiality and secrecy of
information. This personal value of chairperson enables him to judge the activities and
performance of staff members and maintain coordination among them. On the other hand, the
most significant personal value determined in the head managers of the organization is honesty
which enforces them to perform their obligations and duties in expected manner. The head
manager of the organization believes in performing their work with more honesty so that success
can bring in functions of the organization.
Apart from personal values, certain trust issues are also identified in the given case. For example,
the chairperson of the organization did not believe in IT software working. It is because he fears
about the information leakage and security issues. But, he did not understand the importance and
current market trend with which it can significantly improve his own as well as organization
performance.
On the other hand, the other issue of trust is that head person of the organization did not trust on
some organization person. He felt upset by working of a lot of people. He found that some

ESSAY 17
people work on an ad hoc basis which may produce negative outcomes for an organization
(Wood, 2013). All this not only destroy the reputation of an organization but also influence its
day to day functioning and success of policies. This may produce serious cases which will not
easy to resolve by management.

ESSAY 18
Conclusion
After conducting the study of agile software tools, it can be said that they play an effective role
in resolving the current problems and bringing the success of organization policies. DSDM and
XP tool of agile software framework help the organization in maintaining its competing culture
so that it can work in the market for a long time and can satisfy a large number of society
members by offering its services. Different users such as chairperson, head person, and managers
can easily maintain their information and can produce effective outcomes which help the
organization in achieving its long-term as well as short-term objectives. On the other hand, use
of both tools enables the organization to maintain its current position by offering latest and
productive facilities to teenagers as well as children. It brings coordination in working which
ignores the future problem. Thus, it can be said that DSDM and XP are such tools which bring
the organization in profitability situation and also enhance its growth opportunity.

ESSAY 19
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