AI Ethics Assignment: Privacy, Labor Theory, and Cybercrime Analysis

This assignment delves into several key ethical issues within the realm of Artificial Intelligence. It begins by examining information privacy in the context of search engines, exploring the controversies surrounding their use. The assignment then analyzes the labor theory of property, contrasting it with personality and utilitarian property theories, providing examples to illustrate the differences. It investigates the ethical responsibilities of computer professionals, particularly regarding loyalty to employers and the impact on overall system development. The assignment further explores the arguments for and against the use of technology for monitoring employees, providing examples. It distinguishes the roles and responsibilities of software engineers from other professionals in the field. The document also examines the behaviors and actions of "hackers" and "crackers," differentiating between the two. It discusses pre-emptive ethical hacking and its moral permissibility. Finally, the assignment discusses the evolution of cybercrimes, outlining three generations with examples.

Running head: TOPIC IN ETHICS
TOPIC IN ETHICS
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note:

1TOPIC IN ETHICS
What is information privacy and why are certain aspects and use of search engines
controversial from a privacy perspective?
Ans: Search engine is nothing but programs which are designed for pointing Internet user for
carrying out a list of websites. It is mainly needed for carrying out list of requests based on
information about a given topic or even subject. Apart from this, search engine can be used for
locating information on given variety of topics like travel and commerce. Search engine can be
used for acquiring possible solution about the persons.
How does the labor theory of property differ both personality and the utilitarian property
theories? Explain with suitable examples.
Ans: Labor theory tends to be applied to various rationale for understanding property rights. As
per (Locke) a person can easily enjoy natural rights in the form of fruits of labor for changing
raw material. It is held in common for finishing a product for improving the value and state of
duty enforcement which drives the labor. Utilitarian theory is applicable to various economic
construction for proposing the overall property rights. The mere focus is on the social cost and
benefits associated with providing IP laws and regulation.
Do computer user professional encounter obligation of loyalty to their employers? Explain
why is important for ethical impact of overall system development?
Ans: There is large number of computer professionals can easily perform a variety of task. They
can easily write a list of specification for new system which can design pipelines and diagnosis
the embedded system. They can easily check the system software and back to validating system
software. They can easily restructure back of the end of the database of various inventory system
which can analyze the packet traffic in local area networks.

2TOPIC IN ETHICS
What are some arguments used for and against the use of technology for monitoring
employees? Explain with the help of suitable examples.
Ans: Employee monitoring can help business organization is keeping a track of employee
activities. It can monitor the work engagement with workforce-related task. A business can
easily use of employee monitoring for engagement with workplace-related task (Yip, Webber
and Shadbolt 2017). Apart from this, it can be used by business organization in keeping a track
of overall productivity, tracking attendance ensuring security and proof of hours for given time
intervals (von Unger 2016). By making use of current technology organization can easily keep a
track of their employees.
Do the responsibilities of software engineers differ from other professionals working in the
field?
Ans: A good software engineer generally thinks of best software in the market which is a result
of better pattern along with staying in the given rules (Kigerl 2018). It is all about making use of
discipline and formal process along with making use of best practices.
“Hackers” and “Crackers” are two type of people which comes up with ability to get
protection inside the system. Identification and discussion on behavior and action?
Ans: Computer hacking is one of the most common terms used among teenagers and other
adults. There is various kind of older hackers along with this. There is large number of hackers
which makes use of technology buff needed for enjoying and learning about things (Sabillon et
al. 2016). Computer hacking is all about real life application of various kind of problem-solving
skills. While cracking is another kind of term which can easily break the software rather than

3TOPIC IN ETHICS
making it free (Laliberté et al. 2015). Cracking of software is considered to be an illegal kind of
activity.
What is pre-emptive ethical hacking? Is it morally permissible for engaging in ethical
hacking?
Ans: A white hat can be defined as an ethical kind of computer hacker which is specialized in
penetration of various testing and another kind of methodologies (McBrien 2017). It mainly
tends to ensure the overall security of the organization.
Discussion Wall three generation of Cybercrimes. Give an example of each.
Ans: Transformation of crime in the present information age can be considered to be exploration
of transformation which has taken place in the present criminal activity. Its overall regulation can
be defined as the result of various network-based topologies (Rohr 2017). Wall thesis of
cybercrime is not all about behavior but it’s also about technology. First generation of
cybercriminals makes use system for criminal activities, second generation of cybercrime is very
much committed for cybercrimes (Ferguson et al. 2016). The last and third generation is mainly
automated and mediated easily by the help of internet technology.

4TOPIC IN ETHICS
References
Ferguson, R., Hoel, T., Scheffel, M. and Drachsler, H., 2016. Guest editorial: Ethics and privacy
in learning analytics. Journal of learning analytics, 3(1), pp.5-15.
Kigerl, A., 2018. Profiling cybercriminals: Topic model clustering of carding forum member
comment histories. Social Science Computer Review, 36(5), pp.591-609.
Laliberté, M., Hudon, A., Mazer, B., Hunt, M.R., Ehrmann Feldman, D. and Williams-Jones, B.,
2015. An in-depth analysis of ethics teaching in Canadian physiotherapy and occupational
therapy programs. Disability and rehabilitation, 37(24), pp.2305-2311.
McBrien, C., 2017. Limitations of Consequences for Cybercriminals on a Global Scale.
Rohr, J., 2017. Ethics for bureaucrats: An essay on law and values. Routledge.
Sabillon, R., Cano, J., Cavaller, V. and Serra, J., 2016. Cybercrime and cybercriminals: a
comprehensive study. International journal of computer networks and communications
security, 4(6), p.165.
von Unger, H., 2016. Reflexivity beyond regulations: Teaching research ethics and qualitative
methods in Germany. Qualitative Inquiry, 22(2), pp.87-98.
Yip, M., Webber, C. and Shadbolt, N., 2017. Trust among cybercriminals? Carding forums,
uncertainty and implications for policing. In Policing Cybercrime (pp. 108-131). Routledge.