Research Project: Artificial Intelligence in Military Defence

This research proposal examines the effect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in military defense, specifically focusing on target recognition. The study, conducted by Resslon Avron Fernandes, explores the current and potential applications of AI in military functions, evaluating existing technologies and their weaponization potential. The research aims to understand the role of AI in enhancing military capabilities, including intelligence analysis, cyber operations, and autonomous vehicles. The proposal outlines a mixed methodology approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative research methods, including surveys and secondary data analysis. The project includes a detailed literature review, methodology section, timetable, and research logbook, providing a comprehensive framework for investigating the integration of AI in military defense systems and its implications for the future of warfare. The research also addresses ethical considerations and data security issues, ensuring a balanced and thorough analysis of the topic.

Computer Research Project
(Artificial Intelligence)
Research Proposal Form
Student name Resslon avron Fernandes

Student Id Number 17001525
Campus Holborn
Tutor Kusumlata
Unit 13
Date 08/08/19
Proposed Dissertation Title:
Effect of Artificial Intelligence in
Military Defence for Target
Recognition
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Table of Contents
Introduction............................................................................................................................5
Research Aims....................................................................................................................................5
Research Question.............................................................................................................................5
Research Objectives...........................................................................................................................6
Reasons for choosing this research project........................................................................................6
Literature Review....................................................................................................................6
Methodology..........................................................................................................................8
Research Design structure..................................................................................................................9
Data Collection...................................................................................................................................9
Timetable.........................................................................................................................................10
Research Log Book...........................................................................................................................11
Abstract................................................................................................................................14
Research Methodology..........................................................................................................16
Sampling of the data........................................................................................................................16
Collection of data.............................................................................................................................17
Fundamental measurement scale levels..........................................................................................17
Data Security and Ethical issues............................................................................................18
Survey Questionnaire............................................................................................................20
Analysis of Survey Data....................................................................................................................21
Research Questionnaire...................................................................................................................21
Secondary Research..............................................................................................................24
Analysis of the secondary Research through Coding........................................................................26
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Discussion based on the survey questionnaires...............................................................................27
Conclusion.............................................................................................................................30
Recommendations.................................................................................................................31
Reflection..............................................................................................................................31
References............................................................................................................................34
Appendices............................................................................................................................34
Appendix (i):.....................................................................................................................................34
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Introduction
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field which has been growing rapidly around the world,
and this field has provided technologies with potentially significant implications for military
defence. The UK's defence department, as well as other nation's military departments, are still
developing applications including AI for different use of military functions. The research related
to AI is underway within the field of intelligence analysis as well as the collection, cyber
operations, logistics, control and command, information operation, as well as different
autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles. AI has already been incorporated into the operations
of the military including different countries. Congressional action has the skill to develop the
technology further, with the legislative decision and with budgetary influencing the growth of the
military application including their adoption pace.
Technologies of AI have presented some unique challenges within military integration,
mainly due to the excessive development of AI which has been done almost in every commercial
sector. Most of the commercial applications use to go under the modification to become
functional for the use of military purposes. In target recognition, there are many developments
done through using AI, which has developed the military functions faster. There are several
cultural issues as well as challenges within achieving AI.
Research Aims
The aim of this research is to know the role of artificial intelligence within the military
defence in target recognition and to evaluate present technologies which exist, and which can be
potentially weaponized.
Research Question
a) What is the use of Artificial Intelligence in Military Functions?
b) How artificial intelligence can help to improve the function of military defense.
c) Is artificial intelligence (AI) growing rapidly around the military world?
d) Is AI providing technologies with potentially significant implications for military
defence?
e) What are cultural issues as well as challenges within achieving AI?
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Research Objectives
To attain the aim of this research, the following are the objectives mentioned below:
a) To discuss the use of artificial intelligence within military functions
b) To show the diversity of literature on the use of artificial intelligence.
c) To determine how artificial intelligence is used in recognition of military defence.
d) To assess how artificial intelligence reduces human effort.
e) To identify and assess ways how artificial intelligence is used within the military defence
target recognition.
Reasons for choosing this research project
There are various reasons for selecting this research project. The artificial technology is
used in the different companies and it is also used in the military department. It is predicted that
the use of AI technologies is the future, it can be used by both private and public departments.
With the support of the artificial intelligence, the entire process of the military system is made
faster and it is improved. It helps in achieving the different targets and it also helps in
overcoming the different hurdles related to the applications.
Literature Review
There is different literature, which are built on the artificial intelligence and can be used
to study the different subject, their related classification, the different existing technologies and
the different research present in the field of artificial intelligence. There is various use of military
in the field of defence. Ethics also comes under the artificial intelligence and its research work.
There are different people who are involved in the process of the artificial intelligence. There is
various research work which deals with the ways in which the entire process of the artificial
intelligence works. It is essential to understand the different part and different aspects related
with the military system. The different factors are as follows: -
a) Entering in the military system.
b) Construction of the different military and defense system.
c) Different process of involved in the military system.
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According to Burns et al (2014), the artificial intelligence is a technology, which involves
very little involvement of humans. Once the artificial system is set up in the then it is important
to produce accordingly and look after the different functional results and objectives. It is a rapid
growing technology which is used in improving the different types of companies and it is used in
improving the overall software world. The machine technology is one of technology which is
based on the different purpose of thinking and knowledge. The artificial intelligence was official
launched and introduced in the year of 1956, at that moment of time only the name was
proposed. However, after five years on the basis of different research the artificial intelligence
was developed, and it was declaring that it is one of the safe technologies.
There is different research that states the different application which is used and the different
knowledge which are used in the technology. For example, Google consists of the Google
Wizard Apple Siri, and the Microsoft Window consists of the Cortona. They are known as the
helpers and are the part of the artificial intelligence system. The helpers help in working
according to the command of the users and there thinking is extended. With the help of the
Google Assistant the users can identify and see the various components related to the users. The
artificial intelligence till date is not implemented in the research proposal and however the
research is still going on in the field and it is an extensive application. There is different
perspective when it comes to the use of the artificial intelligence technology in the field of
defence. It will be one of the major reasons and motivation for the military. It will give rise to an
era of military revolution.
The demand of the war will be increased in the future with the introduction of the together.
The different involvement and the influence of the artificial intelligence system will ultimately
give rise in transferring the military system and changing its different process. The artificial
intelligence needs to be focused on different areas which can help in improving and upgrading of
the different weapons which is related with the company. The area helps in training the military
to handle the different strategies which can be used in the military system. The artificial
intelligence provides help and security and comprises of a huge amount of people. The artificial
intelligence is one of the major achievements and it is used in improving the quality of the
service.
The defence department comes under the research work and their continuous
improvement in the field of the military system. The different development of the artificial
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intelligence involves the safeguarding of the national heritage. There are two countries which are
trying hard to provide the lead in the field of the artificial intelligence. The two countries are
china and United States. They are trying hard to develop various kinds of cyber weapons which
can help in the development of the defence system and will help in monitoring the enemy and
their attacks. The United Nations must make sure that the weapons are only used for monitoring
the different enemies and it is not used for any other purpose.
The United States and the different allies present try to cover up all the universal values
and helps in monitoring the enemy. The different weapons are the strategic weapons which can
be used in different methods and techniques. The different weapons are not used for harming the
humans and are safe for the humans. The concept of the killer robots is used and copied from the
Hollywood. However, the actual model does not have anything common among all the models.
The weapons used are too fast and can be used rapidly to improve the different situation present
to examine and control the process. There are different frameworks which are data related and
can be used for the collection of the different type of data. The current military department does
not use the involvement of human beings in the entire work process. The different weapons used
does not include the involvement of human beings. The entire department of the military is
becoming faster and are benefitted from it.
Methodology
To research on the use of AI in military defence in a target recognition, it is required to
understand which methodology will be used, how the data will be analysed as well as conducted
and how the conclusion can be developed within the study. A mix methodology model has been
adopted for this study which incorporates both qualitative and quantitative methods of research
designs. The research design has been carefully structured with balance incorporation of both
first and secondary research approaches so that a more elaborative and all-around research
analysis can be presented
Research methods that is been planned to use as part of my project:
Interviews
Questionnaires
Observations
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Use of personal records
Data analysis
Action research
Focus groups
Other (please specify):
Research Design structure
The research structure that will be utilized in this research will be the blend strategy
philosophy. The blend strategy philosophy is the technique for concentrate in which both the
essential and optional information is gathered for conducting the research. The essential
information is the device, which is quantitative, and quantitatively investigations the outcomes.
Original information can be obtained through the polls, interviews, centre gatherings and
reviews. The auxiliary information is the gathering of information which is subjective and is now
accessible for the research to gather the information and information for conducting the
investigation.
Data Collection
There are various methods utilised in order to gather the secondary data, of which, the
biggest sources were the online platforms where the secondary research data was published. The
major platforms that will be used in the undertaking of this study are Directory of Open Access
Repositories (Commonly known Open DOAR), PLOS (Public Library of Science), as well as
Networking SSRN & arXiv eBook Archive. Other digital online journals and articles libraries
such as ScienceDirect, EbsCOHOST and authoritative newspaper publishers such as TheGurdian
and The NewYorkTimes will be utilized. These sources contained contextual research papers,
journals, survey studies, questionnaires and webinars that are used to form a contextual analysis.
Since the questionnaire will be developed to conduct a survey regarding the use of AI in military
intelligence in target recognition.
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Timetable
Below is the given timetable of conducting research. Time and tasks to carry the research on the
identified topic is divided which is illustrated in the below mentioned table:
Time
Tasks
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Topic Selection& Evaluation
Topic Evaluation
Draft of research proposal- Introduction, Rationale
Draft of research proposal- Literature Review
Discussion with the Tutor-Supervisor
Assessment of Structural, Functional, and
Resources Requirement Objectives for Project
“Literature Review”
“Search and selection of relevant studies for
secondary analysis."
"Critical evaluation of secondary researches."
"Preparing Final draft for the research project."
"Review and revision."
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Research Log Book
Week Date of doing the task Research
guidance
Contents taken Actions if required
1 Self Selection of the topic in AI Thought of the topic
after doing the initial
research about the topic
Discussed with the tutor
and taken the feedback if
its relevant
1.1 Self Finalised the topic in AI
(Military defence)
Read the articles
regarding AI to finalize
the suitable topic.
2 One to one
conversation
with the tutor
Started writing the proposal
for the topic
Read the books on AI
and with the guidance of
the tutor finished the
Proposal
3 Self Reasons for choosing this
research project
Wrote about what is the
reason behind choosing
the topic
3.1 One to one
conversation
with the tutor
Written the literature review,
aims & objectives of the topic,
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
4 One to one
conversation
with the tutor
Started writing about the
methodology, how the
research structure design been
done, and data is been
collected
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
4.5 Self Brief research is been done as
how the data is been collected
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
Week Date of doing the task Research Contents taken Actions if required
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guidance
5 Self-analysing
the data
online
Done the research
questionnaires based on the
topic (results and findings
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
5.3 Self-analysing
the data
online
Detailed secondary research is
been done for the AI relevant
to my questions
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
5.5 One to one
conversation
with the tutor
Analysis is done for the
secondary research by coding
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
6 Self-analysing
and referring
the journals
A brief discussion with
literature review based on the
questionnaires (a survey
conducted for public)
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
6.2 Self Conclusion based on the
research conducted and
methodology on my topic in AI
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
6.5 Self Written if any future
recommendation needed based
on the topic
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
6.8 Self A brief reflection based on the
research methodologies and
their concepts
Taken the feedback from
the tutor as if I am on a
right track with my topic
Week Date of doing the task Research
guidance
Contents taken Actions if required
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