Critically Analyzing Modern Tech for Airline Air Pollution Reduction

This report provides a critical analysis of how airlines can reduce air pollution through the implementation of modern technology. The executive summary outlines the research's aims, objectives, and methodology, including literature review, research design, data analysis, and data interpretation. The introduction establishes the importance of the airline industry and its impact on environmental sustainability, highlighting the need for innovative solutions to mitigate air pollution. The literature review explores existing research on the topic, examining the impact of technology on reducing emissions and promoting sustainability. The research methodology details the quantitative research approach, data collection methods, and analysis techniques used to investigate the research questions. Data interpretation provides an in-depth analysis of the findings, while the conclusion and recommendations offer insights into effective strategies for airlines to reduce air pollution. The report also includes reflection on alternative research methodologies and a comprehensive list of references.

Critically analyse the different
ways through which airlines can
reduce air pollution by using
Modern technology

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Main purpose of this dissertation is to examine the various ways by which airlines can
reduce air pollution by using Modern technology. For achieving this purpose, number of
activities have been completed. Development of aims and objectives is a first activity that
support in identification of main reason behind conducting this project. Literature is consider
another main activity that have been done by using number of secondary sources such as
magazines, books, articles, publication research etc. In this activity, different authors give their
opinion about the research aim and objective. As it helped researcher in achievement of research
aim and objectives easily. Research methodology is another main activity that were completed
by using number of useful methods such as quantitative research, probability sampling, primary
and secondary method of data collection etc. These are useful methods that supported to the
researcher when they require primary and secondary information about the study. For analysing
quantitative data, content analysis is a useful technique that have been used by researcher. In this
method, number of themes have been made that turn to assist researcher in completion of study
easily. Conclusion and recommendation is another and main part of this dissertation that include
entire detail about the dissertation and different ways related to the topic. Reflection and
alternative methodology is last activity that was completed by researcher by providing their
overall experience for doing this investigation.

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Background of study...............................................................................................................4
Research aim..........................................................................................................................5
Research Objective.................................................................................................................5
Research Question..................................................................................................................5
Rationale.................................................................................................................................6
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................7
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................20
Research Design...................................................................................................................20
Research Construction..........................................................................................................21
Research Sample..................................................................................................................21
Procedure..............................................................................................................................23
Data Analysis........................................................................................................................23
DATA INTERPRETATION.........................................................................................................28
REFLECTION AND ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................46
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.............................................................................48
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................51

INTRODUCTION
Airline Industry is referred to as the sector which offers air transport services to travelers
or passenger. This industry includes various products and services that is helpful in meeting with
the requirements of customers. Airline industry includes different business that is helpful in
transporting different passengers as well as freight though air routes. The respective industry is
growing in rapidly and serving its customers in effective manner (Zhang and et. al., 2016). The
main reason behind the growth of this industry is because of modern technologies which are used
by industry leaders for improvising their operational activities. There are many companies that is
performing its services in airline industry area as well as developed strong brand image. It is
essential for this company to use new and modern technology in its services as this will lead to
enhance overall performance of company. Airline industry play crucial role in overall growth
and development of nation. This industry is supportive in enhancing the leaving standards of
society and its citizens. Airline industry will lead to have impact on enhancing economic
condition of country. Modern technology is very supportive in managing different task and
activities of organization in better manner. This will lead to introduction of new and better
services in respective industry as well as enhance the quality of services provided by
organization. The present investigation is conducted with the motive of determining different
ways through which airlines can reduce air pollution by using Modern technology. By
conducting this research, airline industry will be able to develop their understanding on range of
methods which will reduce air pollution (Rothaermel, 2016). Also, this research will also
contribute in maintaining environmental sustainability. In this regard, investigator have
developed research aim, objectives and questions, on the basis of which they will conduct
research and find out proposed research outcome towards the same. Different data collection
method and approaches by researcher in order to get more accurate information.
Background of study
Airline industry is providing better and effective services to customer for meeting with
their requirements. This includes different facilities such as air planes or helicopters. In this
research project different aspects of modern technology in successful implementation of
organisation task is identified. Airline company is effective way of transpiration and movement
of customer or object from one place to other It has been analysed that modern technology play

crucial role in overall growth and development of Airline sector as well as improve the quality of
services provided by airline company. Airline company can use modern tool and technology to
reduce air pollution and maintain environment. Advance technology is helpful for conducting
task and activities in environment friendly manner. This will lead to keeping environment
pollution free as well as meeting with customers requirements (Chen, 2016).
Research aim
The research aim for the current dissertation is “To critically analyse the different ways
through which airlines can reduce air pollution by using Modern technology such as Automated
assistance and cyber security ”. A case study on Airline Industry.
Research Objective
 To investigate the importance of reducing air pollution for airline industry.
 To identify the influence of modern technology in Airline industry.
 To determine the potential challenges in application of environment friendly practices in
Airline industry.
 To analyse the changes in Aviation industry due to increase in technology.
 To identify different ways and factors that needs to be consider by Airline industry for
reducing air pollution for environment.
 To manifest the strategies which can be employed to minimize air pollution through
modern technology.
Research Question
 What is the importance of reducing air pollution for airline industry?
 What is the influence of modern technology in Airline industry?
 What are the potential challenges in application of environment friendly practices in
Airline industry?
 What is the changes in Aviation industry due to increase in technology?
 To identify different ways and factors that needs to be consider by Airline industry for
reducing air pollution for environment?
 How different strategies can be employed in airline industry to minimize air pollution
through modern technology?

Rationale
Vital reason behind conducting the investigation on the chosen topic i.e. “Critically
analyse the different ways through which airlines can reduce air pollution by using Modern
technology” is because, many investigators has conducted research on different topics and
focused on existing technology, passengers safety and on other concerns. But, it has been
analysed that there is only few investigations were performed on air pollution which is done by
different airlines (Guttikunda and Kopakka, 2014). Considering this topic, researcher will
become able to get the knowledge about different tools and techniques within aviation industry
that can be utilised to reduce the air pollution that is specifically being done by different airlines.
Due to unclear investigations done by previous scholars, there is less information available for
the different readers on the chosen topic. Another reason why this investigation is specifically
being taken into consideration is self interest of the investigator, as it is considered to be a vital
subject to study because somewhere somehow this air pollution done by this industry will impact
negatively on future aspects that are directly linked with upcoming generations. Because, it is
mandatory at present to reduce the air pollution among different aspects where one is pollution
spread by different airlines of all over the world.
The individuals who will be getting different benefits from this investigation are:
different researchers, scholars, persons who are connected to different agencies that are looking
forward to reduce air pollution and so on. Basically, this investigation will lead them to gain
knowledge in relation to different modern technologies that can be adopted by different airlines,
so that appropriate modifications could be made which will directly impact positively on various
aspects like reduction of air pollution. Also, it will deliver a range of benefits as well on the
future aspects like aircrafts can be built using different systems, tools and technologies which
would lead them to reduce the pollution done by them in the past and so on.

LITERATURE REVIEW
In this present chapter, investigator will provide detailed knowledge on the chosen topic
that is “To critically analyse the different ways through which airlines can reduce air pollution by
using Modern technology” with the different perspectives. As per the views given by Carter,
(2018) it has been determined that with passing time airline industry is growing constantly, this
is so because of incorporating latest technology. Here, it has been seen that industry leader of
retail sector makes use of latest software for smoothing its functions. Usage of the technology is
not only limited in making industrial functions simple but at the same time it also helps in
reducing air pollution. On the views expressed by Koch, W., (2015), Technology plays vital role
in order to reduce pollution and safeguard the environment effectively. Fuel which is made from
biomass, sugar cane and cooking oil emits less pollution. The level of pollution is also declined
by adding gear and lighter materials in engines which not only declines cost but also saves fuel.
In addition to this, design of non- stick coatings declines number of bugs due to which pollution
is minimized.
To investigate the importance of reducing air pollution for airline industry.
As per the views of conserve energy future (2020), It is very important for airline
organisation to conduct different activities which will lead to reduce in air pollution. It is crucial
for Airline sector to focus in minimizing air pollution as this will have significant impact on
business performance as well as attaining desired goals. It has been determined that there are
different harmful effective of air pollution of human being, environment as well as business. It is
important for airline sector to identify the major factors that is creating more air pollution as well
as work on reducing air pollution (Is Flying Bad For the Planet?, 2020). Airplane run on
kerosene fuel which lead to enhance the level of carbon in environment. This is the major factor
which lead to increase in air pollution. Increase in air pollution will lead to contribute to global
warming, huge carbon foot prints and so on. Importance of reducing air pollution for airline
industry is mention below in detail.
Enhancing performance – It is crucial for organisation to focus on reducing air pollution as this
will help in increasing the performance of organisation. It has been identified that modern
technologies will support in reducing air pollution and impact over increase the overall
performance of company as well as help in enhancing productivity of business. New and

innovation technology consist of creative tools and techniques to perform business task.
Companies dealing in Airline industry will be able to market its services to potential customers.
This will help in attracting more and more customers towards business by reducing the impact of
air craft on air pollution that will support in increase business productivity as well as
profitability (Hussain, Al Nasser and Hussain, 2015).
Better Customer services – It is important for airline company to focus on its customers and
customer services. By reducing air pollution airline sector will be able to provide better and
effective services to customers. This will help in enhancing the relationship with customer as
well as attract more customers towards business. There are different ways through which
company can reduce air pollution and its will assist in providing solution that is able to meet with
the requirement of customers. (Laña and et. al., 2016).
Improving environmental conditions – Environment is crucial part of individual life as well as
business. When environmental condition and factors are is in support airline industry will be able
to perform business activities very smoothly. Increase in air pollution will lead to have
significant impact over affect the environmental conditions. So it is important for airline industry
to focus in reducing air pollution in order to maintain sustainable environmental condition.
What is the influence of modern technology in Airline industry?
As per the views of Sumit Rehal (2020), it has been determined that modern technology
will lead to have major impact on Airline industry. It is essential for company which is dealing in
Airline industry to adopt new and innovative technology. This will help in improving the overall
performance of company as well as accomplishment of desired goals. Modern technology refers
to advancement in old technology by conducting different task and activities in better manner.
There are various positive as well as negative impact of modern technology in Airline industry.
Modern technology will support in performing business activities in effective and efficient
manner by enhancing the system of business. Implementation of modern technology in Airline
industry will be helpful for organisation as well as its employees. This will help in improving the
product and services offered by Airline company to attract more and more customers towards
business. Airline company which is implementing new and modern technology in process will
help in gaining competitive advantage over other rival companies (Jeeradist,
Thawesaengskulthai and Sangsuwan, 2016). So it has been determined that modern technology

will lead to have major influence on Airline industry. Different elements of modern technology
that will have direct as well as indirect impact on modern technology is mention below:
 Automated assistance – Morden technology will help Airline industry to provide
automated assistance to customers. It has been identified that Airline industry will be able
to provide better assistance to its customers in order to enhance their experience.
Automated assistance can be describe as an robotic assistance or help to customer in
order to make their journey easily. With this modern technology, Airline industry can
help customers in baggage process or to make it simpler. Automated assistance will lead
to have positive influence on Airline industry as it supports to customers in pre boarding
process (Villa and et. al., 2016). This type of technology includes biometric systems.
Biometric boom technology will help Airline industry to perform business task in better
and effective manner. It is determined that introduction of modern technology will help in
conducting task and activities of Airline industry in better manner so that task could be
Illustration 1: worldwide air traffic
Sources: Number of worldwide air traffic fatalities from 2006 to
2019*

conducted at required time (How New Technology Will Impact Airlines in The Next
Decade, 2020). It is analysed that introduction of new technology will help in saving time
as well as money of passengers and organisation. Biometric services will help in
providing extraordinary success to companies which is dealing in Airline industry.
Biometric is used for easily check in and check out for customers. This will support in
reducing the time of long queues in Airport. This will have direct influence on the
services of Airline industry and help in earning more revenues. Cyber security – Security is considered as very important part of Airline industry. It is
very important for company which is dealing in Airline sector to provide proper security
to its customers. There are different ways that will support company to provide better
cyber security to its customers. Airline industry needs to use more advance and modified
technology in its business process in order to provide better security to its customers. It
has been determined that modern technology will help in mainlining the data and
important information of company. Cyber security will support Airline industry to keep
data safe and secure. With the help of cyber security modern technology, information
data and information is safe as well as can be used by specific person. This is supportive
in maintaining data private with in Airline industry (Hayasaka and et. al., 2014). Cyber
security will includes more better and smarter systems. Morden technology will help in
providing smarter system to Airline industry. Advance and innovative technology will
help in conducting business operations in effective and efficient manner in order to attain
set goals. It is analysed that Airline company will be able to get better as well as smarter
system in order to perform task in effective manner. Morden technology will help in
creating better and creative systems for Airline company so that they can easily manage
its products and services. It has been determined that smart system will support in
providing strong communication with different function of company (She and et. al.,
2017). Greater connectivity – Technology will lead to enhance the connectivity of Airline
industry with different sectors. Morden technology supports in enhancing progress of
Airline company as well as gaining further advancement. With the support of advance
technology Airline industry will be able to control air traffic as well as connect with each
other very easily. Greater connectivity in airline industry will lead to conducting task in

better manner. Morden technology is helpful in managing different area as well as
enhance the greater connectivity with in Airline sector (Masiol and et. al., 2014). It has
been determined that greater connectivity between airline sector will lead to have
influence over reducing the flying time of aircraft. This will have significant impact on
reduction of air pollution for the environment as well as enhance airline company
services. With the support of better connectivity business will be able to enhance quality
of control with in the airline industry sector as well as support airline companies to
perform their activities. Greater in connectivity with the airline sector will assist in
performing airline activities in correct manner as well as supporting business in reducing
the impact on aircraft on air pollution.
What are the potential challenges in application of environment friendly practices in
Airline industry?
As per the view of Richard A. Clarke (2020), There are various challenges faced by
Airline industry to perform environment friendly practices in Airline industry. It is very
important for company to analyse as well as evaluate different issues that will lead to have
negative impact on performance of business practices. Airline industry is a very vast industry
which is providing different type of services to customers. It has been determined that companies
in Airline industry will be able to provide better and services to its customer by conducting
environment friendly practices. It is essential for company to use more environmental friendly
material in its business process in order to enhance quality of products and services.
Environmental friendly practices includes all those activities that will help in performing task
and activities in better and effective manner. It has been analysed that environment friendly
practices will support in performing different task and activities in such a manner that it will not
harm any other resources of environment. Airline industry is conducting different activities in
environment friendly manner as well as sustainability practices. This will lead to increase the
brand image of company in market areas along with this Airline company will be able to conduct
task in better manner (Eze and et. al. 2017). Different sustainability practices that has been used
in Aviation industry are mention below. Increasing fuel efficiency – Airline industry is increasing the fuel efficiency so that
company can provide better services with least impact on environment. It has been
analysed that Aviation sector is constantly looking for different as well as new way that

will support in enhancing the efficiency of fuels. This is better for environmental
surrounding and help in reducing cost of company. More fuel efficiency is beneficial for
organisation as well as leads to less pollution. This is very supportive in carbon emission
in environment in order to provide environmental friendly practise. Investing in biofuels – It has been analysed that some of the Airline companies are
investing in new or innovative technology which lead to provide biofuels. This is
environment friendly practices that is adopted by company with the motive of reducing
negative impact of Airline industry on organisation. Investment in biofuels will lead to
provide better and effective way to Airline companies in which they can offer their
services without harming environment. Biofuel technology will lead to reduce the usage
of fossil fuels and along with this emission of overall carbon (Kanchan, Gorai and Goyal,
2015).
 Recycling programs – In order to reduce waste as well as provide environmental
friendly practices, Airline industry is focusing on reducing the usage of plastic food wast.
This will help in reduction of the plastic material as well as decreasing the negative
impact of Airline industry from environment. It has been identified that flight attendant is
dumping different plastic along with the food waste (Breitner and et. al., 2014). So by
working on this aspect Airline industry is implementing better strategies will support in
enhancing environmental surroundings.

There are various challenges and issues faced by Airline company in order to perform
different task and activities in environment friendly manner. By identifying as well as
determining these issues Airline industry will be able to develop better and effective strategies
that support in enhancing business practices in environmental friendly manner. Different
challenges that is faced by Airline industry is mention below in details.
Time consuming – It has been identified that environmental practices are very time
consuming for Airline industry. In order to conduct business practices in eco friendly way which
does not harm environment will be required more time. Environmental friendly practices are
considered to be very time consuming (Oiamo, Luginaah and Baxter, 2015). This is major
challenge that is faced by Airline industry to accurately implementation of environment friendly
practices with in business. There are different types of environmental friendly practices and it
required huge time for identifying more accurate and appropriate practices will lead to have less
negative impact on environment. This will affect the whole process of Airline industry. It is very
difficult for employees to easily adopt new technology and this will lead to affect the overall
productivity of employees. Execution of new technology is very time consuming process and this
will hamper the overall functioning of business activities.
Illustration 2: Main air pollutants
Sources: Emissions of air pollutants from transport., 2020.

Huge cost required – Environmental friendly practices are considered to be very cost
consuming. Implementation of eco friendly practices in airline company will lead to have major
impact on overall profitability as well as revenues of company. There will be high financial
amount required by company for in order to successfully implement business practices in better
and effective manner. This will affect the overall performance of company as well as financial
stability of organisation. Environmental friendly practices could be implementation in business
by conducting proper researcher. This will help identifying as well as analysing different ways
which will be more appropriate for Airline company to implement changes in organisation. This
will include large amount of cost in order to successfully execute different practice in
environmental friendly manner (Ostro and et. al., 2015).
Implementation of Biofuel – It has been analysed that implementation of biofuel is very
difficult for Airline company. There are number of technology that is specifically designed in
order to reduce the flying impact on environment. For this Airline industry has identify various
tools and techniques that will support in execution of business activities in eco friendly manner
(The impact of flying on the environment, 2020). In this Airline sector has created greener
planes in order to reduce the impact of environmental impact. This is an effectively initiative
taken by Airline industry for its performing its business task in appropriate manner. Greener cars
are specially developed for saving huge carbon and technology is proven for its eco friendly
approaches. The major problem that occur in this is that electric motors are not able to produce
enough power for getting plan off the ground. In order to resolve this issues Airline company
needs to use different kind of biofuels. This is considered as problematic for environment as
usage of biofuel will lead to have negative impact on environment (Halpern and Graham, 2015).
What is the changes in Aviation industry due to increase in technology?
As per the views of Jamie Cartwright, it has been determined that introdctuion of new
and innovative technology will be very supportive for Aviation industry. There are various
benefits that could be attain by airline business by consider new and innovative technology in
business sector. It is essential for organisation to consider new and innovative technology in its
business process in order to improve the quality of offering as well as attract more customers
towards business. There are several changes will take place in aviation industry as well as airline

services due to increase in technology. Different changes are mention below that will influence
the airline industry is explain below.
Change in business process – There will be huge changes in the process of organisation
with the increase in technology. It has been analysed that the changes in technology used by
company will lead to have significant impact on business process. When airline industry is using
more updated and advance technology in its business process will lead to have direct influence
on day to day activities of organisation. It is important of Airline company to use new and
innovative technology such as cyber security and automated assistance will lead to support
business in improving the quality of service offering. Due to this business strategies and action
plan will be develop according to the updation of new technology. So that all activities of
business can run smoothly.
Increase in performance – With the introduction of modern technology in Airline
industry, company will be able to manage as well as monitor the performance of staff member.
This will help in properly manage business task (William Matheuszik on How Technology is
Changing The Aviation Industry, 2020). Utilization of modern technologies will be able to
provide better and easily way in which employees can perform their task to archive desired
objectives of business. This modern technology is very supportive for improving the whole
performance of Airline industry and accomplish desired goals. Maintaining new and advance
technology in business will support in improving the performance and productivity of business.
Enhancing the experience of customers - New and advance technology have influence
on organisation as well as its services. Airline industry will be able to provide highly updated as
well as modified services to customers. Morden technology will support in improving the
communication between organisation as well as customers. By speeding up the follow of
communication process among customers and Airline industry, company will be able to provide
better services to customers. Morden technology will help in identifying as well as analysing
needs and wants of customer in order to modify its services. Airline industry will be able to meet
with the expectations of customer with the increase in technology used by airline company.
Modification in services will lead to increase the services provided by company. Airline
industry will be able to enhance the service for customers as well as ensure that customers
requirements are satisfied by services offered by airline company.

To identify different ways and factors that needs to be consider by Airline industry for
reducing air pollution for environment?
According to the views of Conserve energy future (2020), it has been determined that
there are different factors that needs to be consider by airline sector in order to reduce the impact
on air pollution. There are several negative impact faced y this plant due to increase in air
pollution and one of the major reason for increase in air pollution is aircraft. So airline industry
needs to identify and determine different factor or various ways that will lead to have significant
impact o reducing air pollution. Fast growing of carbon gases will affect the atmosphere and
affect environment. Different factors or ways that needs to be consider by respective business in
mention below in detail.
Regulation of government – There are different rule and regulation that is developed by
government which needs to be full filed by company in order to perform airline activities. Rules
and regulation of government will lead to have significant impact on minimizing the air pollution
as well as enhancing the performance of airline industry. International Civil Authority has
proposed the Carbon Offsetting and reduction scheme that needs to be followed by international
aviation sector for reducing air pollution (Is Flying Bad For the Planet?, 2020). This regulation
is useful for giving restriction for air industry on carbon emission.
Effective technology – Technology is one of the effective factor which will lead to have
significant impact on performance of business. It has been determined that new and innovative
technology will support airline industry to conduct business activities in correct manner. There
are different effective technology which is specially developed in order to reduce air pollution of
the environment as well as improve the quality of business performance. Morden technology will
support in reducing the impact of aircraft on air pollution and reduce carbon from the
environment. Technology will support in using fuels such as bio fuels, hydrogen, solar panels
and batteries in order to minimize the air pollution.
Optimization of flight routes - By developing and creating effective and correct routes
of flights air industry will be able to minimize the air pollution. It has been determine that air
pollution is majorly increasing due to more flying of aircraft. Optimization of flight routes will
lead to have significant impact on minimization of air pollution.

How different strategies can be employed in airline industry to minimize air pollution
through modern technology?
As per the views of Wendy Koch (2020), it is essential to implement different strategies
that will help Airline industry in order to reduce air pollution. Modern technology is very
supportive in minimizing air pollution as well as performing different activities of Airline
company in better manner. It is very important for Airline industry to take appropriate initiative
that will support in reducing the air pollution. This will be beneficial for pollution free
environment. Aviation industry is considered as important part in overall contribution in growth
and development of nation (Brotchie and et. al., 2017). Different strategies that is developed by
developed by airline industry in order to minimize air pollution with the help of modern
technology is describe below.
Different fuels – Fuels can be consider as the basic factors that will lead to air pollution.
Airline industry will be able to reduce air pollution with the usage of new fuel that will lead to
have less affect on environment. It has been analysed that fuels that is developed from cooking
oil, sugar cane as well as biomass will lead to decrease air pollution. Morden technology will be
very supportive making an appropriate fuel for Airplane. This fuel will be quite costlier and
some of the biofuels are emit less pollution. Through modern technology, ketones can be
converted form sugar canes in order to make it more heavier compounds (5 Technologies That
Could Help Curb Airplane Emissions, 2020). This is consider as potentially used for aviation
fuels. So through this strategies Airline industry can manage air pollution as well as reduce it air
pollution.

Engines features lighter material – Utilization of lighter material in manufacturing of
Aircraft will lead to reduce the air pollution. This strategies will lead to have positive impact on
minimizing air pollution as well as issues related to it. Through modern technology single aisle
planes can use CFM International engines. This includes light weight carbon fibre fan and this is
very helpful in reducing air pollution as it is 15 % fuel efficient as compare to current models
(Bakian and et. al., 2015). So this is a very effective strategies that will support in enhancing the
overall performance of Aircraft as well as managing air pollution.
Illustration 3: Annual growth in global air traffic
Sources: Annual growth in global air traffic passenger demand from 2006 to 2020.
2020.

Proper maintenance – Proper maintenance of Aircraft strategies will help in reduction
of air pollution. With the help of modern technology Airline industry will be able to maintain
Aircraft in better condition. This will lead to have major impact on minimizing air pollution as
well as reducing negative impact of Airline industry on environment. Maintenance of aircraft
includes cleaning various components as well as application of corrosion prevention. This will
help in enhancing efficiency of fuel and it will lead to increase the capability of Aircraft. Timely
maintenance of Aircraft is beneficial for Airline industry and environmental surrounding as this
will help in reducing air pollution.
Pollution prevention approaches - It is very important for Airline industry to use
different approaches that will help in preventing air pollution. Approaches for preventing air
pollution is very helpful in reducing and eliminating effective of Aircraft on air as well as
environment. There are different approaches that can be used by Airline industry as well as its
companies in order to reduce the toxic raw materials. It is essential to use fuel that is less
polluting as well as lead to improve the efficiency of Aircraft progress. This strategies will lead
to have impact on air pollution and enhancing environment (Banzhaf and et. al., 2014).
Clean air technology centre – This strategies will lead to have impact in performance of
company and clean air environment. By implementing activities of Airline industry with clean
air technology centre, Airline company will be able to conduct its services without damaging
environment. Technology centre for clean air includes fabric fitters, electrostatic precipitation,
wet scrubbers and so on (Managing Air Quality - Control Strategies to Achieve Air Pollution
Reduction, 2020). The clean air technology centre is able to provide better services as well as
other resources that is supportive in preventing air pollution. This can be consider as cost
effective strategies which help in controlling air pollution as well as managing clean air.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology, that has been conducted on the chosen topic i.e. “To critically
analyse the different ways through which airlines can reduce air pollution by using Morden
technology”, has been presented underneath:
Research Design
It is defined as processes, techniques and strategies which used in data collection fort
analysis in context to uncover the new information for create understanding topic. This is
specific way for studying to search the new information regarding given area. This is determined
as the choice made by investigator to finalise how the gathered information will be analysed in
appropriate manner (Wiek and Lang, 2016). It is a kind of framework of the research methods
which mainly selected through an investigator. Its function is to be assure that evidence obtain
able to address research issue in an effective manner (Kumar, 2019). This is acknowledged as the
essential chapter in investigation which provides guidance to researcher about several methods
that are required to followed by them for conducting effective research. On the other hand,
research design is overall strategy that select to integrate various components of study and also
assuring to addressing research issue. In present investigation, researcher has taken into
consideration of Qualitative Research. Also, basically qualitative methodology is multi
technique and including naturalistic way to deal with topic. The primary focal point of this
exploration is to getting the information by conversational correspondence. This strategy is for
the most part used to comprehend the encounters, conduct and convictions of individuals. The
reason that came in front of utilising this approach is that the topic which was considered is
directly linking with different feelings of the society and focus over pollution, where different
techniques could effectively lead to aviation industry to reduce the air pollution. On the other
hand, if it is thought in a different way then this specific design considering both primary and
secondary data collection tool will help investigator in conducting both Literature Review and
Data Analysis section.
In present context, reason behind why investigator has taken into consideration of
Primary method of data collection is that, investigator will easily become able to pulling out
favourable outcomes based on the original data which will be collected from different
participants. With the help of this, researcher will become able to look among original data that

has been accumulated will lead to conduct data analysis section with fresh information received
from respondents linking with Aviation Industry. Here, questionnaire has been used as the
preliminary source of primary method of data collection.
On the other hand, Secondary method of data collection is going to be utilised to conduct
Literature Review and it is going to be collected from information which has been previously
investigated for its own purpose through another person and presently used through others to
support data and information for current topics. Secondary data are reasonable and faster to
gather from multiple sources such as articles, books, internet sources and others (Quinlan and et.
al., 2019). Here, it is said that books, journals, online article and other published will going to be
taken as secondary sources. Reason behind why, this type of method is utilised because,
literature review of every investigation stays based on the information, which has already been
conducted before by different scholars, researchers and so on.
Research Construction
Primary Method:
Primary method of collecting data is explained as the original observation gathered for
first time through a researcher which had not been previously researched through any other
individual. Effectively support primary data in fresh, accurate and complete information about
particular topics of concern. Under this, there are many different methods of gathering primary
information and data for example questionnaires observations, focus groups, interviews etc.
Secondary Method:
The Secondary method of collecting information or data is promptly accessible from
different sources and all things considered, there are no particular assortment techniques. The
specialist can get information from the sources both interior and outside to the different elements
like academic textbooks, journals, industry reports, websites, blogs and so on. Also, reason
behind why this is investigating related method is utilised because, Literature Review section is
specifically being conducted based on different articles and also various books, magazines,
online elements and other approaches like journals, blogs and other elements as well.
Research Sample
At the time of inspecting a topic, it can be depict as the method for breaking down asset
just as estimating the results. Test size or sample is being chosen by specialist will speak to the
consequences of entire errand. Researcher will make utilize Random Sampling Methodology for

choosing test size from the general example populace (Schlenker and Walker, 2016). Here, total
40 respondents will going to be selected as the sample size. Also, if it is talked about the data and
other secondary approaches, which has been utilised to conduct the literature review was much
effective and reliable because, researcher has chosen different articles which were recently been
developed by researchers and also, they are affiliated by various governmental agencies as well.
Therefore, these could effectively be utilised as elements, which are reliable in nature and also
fresh as well.
Random sampling method – This is the techniques that can b used by researcher for
collecting information as well as analysing the outcomes of the research. Random sampling
method is considered as the simplest form of data collection from the total population. In sample
method researcher is choosing random subsets and each subset have equal chance to be selected.
This is considered as the most unbiased method for analysing conclusion as well as drawing
better conclusion. This is helpful in taking better decision as well as analysing different ideas
(Scotland, 2012).
Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria:
Evaluation Criteria (ACROS):
 Authority- The post researchers, which are being taken into consideration as the source
while conducting the Literature Review section are considered to be scholars and
research conducters that have been conducting investigations from a really very long
time.
 Currency- All the articles that are being taken into consideration are published from
2016 till current.
 Relevance- All the sources that are utilised are directly being connected to the topic that
has been taken into consideration.
 Objectivity- This investigation that has been conducted is perfectly balanced without any
sort of discrimination.
 Supporting Evidence- In many sections, there are some sections where citation has been
done, which can be considered as an evidence based investigation is specifically being
conducted on chosen topic.

Procedure
In present context, it can easily be said that data, which has been structured focusing
upon different elements like preparation of questinnaire and then development of overall
thematic analysis. This is explained as process of analysing as well as gathering information
about targeted variable within an established system that allows to gather the answers to relevant
questions to achieve the most positive outcome. In context to this, Research method mainly
includes the methods which are used to collect needed information to attain a specific
investigative objective.
Based on all the three questions, that are developed and these are given underneath:
 What is the influence of modern technology in Airline industry?
 What are the potential challenges in application of environment friendly practices in
Airline industry?
 How different strategies can be employed in airline industry to minimize air pollution
through modern technology?
Considering this element, questions considering the different aspects of the overall
questions that are being answered of various objectives of this particular investigation. This
would easily lead the whole research to get pulled out right information in correct time.
Including this, it is also said that different aspects which are taken into consideration will help
researcher to gain effective knowledge about various tools and technologies to pull out
appropriate data in much effective and in efficient manner.
Data Analysis
Data analysis- This is method of analysing the information collected with the aid of
analytical and statistical tool to more efficiently scan knowledge for better decision making
related to business in an effective manner. Analysis of data includes transforming process,
cleaning and also modeling data to look for the useful information. In context to present
research, data and information has been collected by primary sources and analysed through using
thematic analysis by developing themes and make interpretations (Riedl, Davis and Hevner,
2014).
In present investigation, researcher has utilised questionnaire and prepared a theme based
interpretation in order to conduct the data analysis section. Also, the pulled out information is
also going to help in developing conclusions along with the recommendations as well,

considering decision making process. Away with this, it can also be said that investigator has
utilised different approaches to conduct this investigation in rightful manner. With the help of
this, right amount of modifications could easily be made right on time.
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
Q1) As per your views what are the major benefits that could be accomplish by airline industry
by reducing air pollution?
a) Improvement in industry performance
b) Enhance environmental condition
c) Provide better services to customer
d) All of the above
Q2) What is the current technology used in airline industry?
a) Blockchain
b) Biometrics
c) Artificial intelligence
d) Cybersecurity
Q3) In which manner, current technology have impacted on airline industry?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q4) What are the importance of modern technology within an airline industry?
a) Automated assistance
b) Smarter systems
c) Greater connectivity
d) Better Customer services
Q5) What are the effects of air travel on the environment?

a) Contrails Leading to International Warming
b) Emission of Greenhouse Gases
c) Noise Pollutions
Q6) According to you, what are the effective ways for reducing impact of Air Travel on the
Environment?
a) Setting up of rules and regulations
b) Use of technology
c) Use of Computer Programs to Cut down Noise Pollution
Q7) As per your view, what are the ways used by airlines to reduce air pollution?
a) Fly more efficient aircraft
b) Use sustainable lower-carbon alternative fuels.
c) Use modern techniques to reduce delays and set more efficient flightpath
Q8) Does air pollution impact on overall growth and success of airline industry?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Can't say
Q9) What is the effective role of modern technology in controlling air pollution?
a) Reduce carbon emission
b) Bring fuel efficiency
c) Avoid legal complications
Q10) According to you, reduction of air pollution beneficial for airline industry in
accomplishment of competitive advantages?
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Q11) What are the major changes implemented in Aviation industry because of increase in
technology?
a) Business process changes
b) Capability and performance changes
c) Experience of customer changes
d) All of the above
Q12) What are the ways in which government can help airline industry to reduce air pollution?

a) Tax to raise the price
b) Regulations to ban certain pollutants
c) Subsidise alternatives
d) Pollution permits
Q13) What are the potential challenges in application of environment friendly practices in
Airline industry?
a) Increasing fuel efficiency
b) Investing in biofuels
c) Recycling programs
Q14) According to you, which is biggest challenge faced by airline industry due to air
pollution?
a) Time consuming
b) Huge cost required
c) Implementation of Biofuel
Q13) How different strategies can be employed in airline industry to minimize air pollution
through modern technology?
a) Engines features lighter material
b) Pollution prevention approaches
c) Clean air technology centre
d) Proper maintenance
Q14) Provide any suggestions to the airline industry for reducing air pollution and achieving
competitive advantages.
Data analysis- This is method of analysing the information collected with the aid of analytical
and statistical tool to more efficiently scan knowledge for better decision making related to
business in an effective manner. Analysis of data includes transforming process, cleaning and
also modeling data to look for the useful information. In context to present research, data and
information has been collected by primary sources and analysed through using thematic analysis
by developing themes and make interpretations (Riedl, Davis and Hevner, 2014).
Sampling- Sampling can be describe as the way of analysing resource as well as measuring the
outcomes. Sample size selected by researcher will represent the results of whole task.

Investigator will make use random sampling method for selecting sample size from the overall
sample population (Schlenker and Walker, 2016). Here, total 40 respondents will going to be
selected as the sample size.
Random sampling method – This is the techniques that can b used by researcher for
collecting information as well as analysing the outcomes of the research. Random sampling
method is considered as the simplest form of data collection from the total population. In sample
method researcher is choosing random subsets and each subset have equal chance to be selected.
This is considered as the most unbiased method for analysing conclusion as well as drawing
better conclusion. This is helpful in taking better decision as well as analysing different ideas
(Scotland, 2012).
Methodology Feedback – Your methodology does not make much sense and is more of an
explanation of different technical terms which is not a methodology.

DATA INTERPRETATION
For analysing and interpreting quantitative data about the topic, content analysis will be
used by investigator. In this method, number of patterns or themes will be made of each
questions. As it support researcher in completion of full dissertation within given time period and
easily. There is need for preparing frequency table because it support researcher in identification
of number of respondents.
Frequency Table
Q1) As per your views what are the major benefits that could be accomplish
by airline industry by reducing air pollution?
Frequency
a) Improvement in industry performance 10
b) Enhance environmental condition 5
c) Provide better services to customer 10
d) All of the above 15
Q2) What is the current technology used in airline industry? Frequency
a) Blockchain 10
b) Biometrics 10
c) Artificial intelligence 10
d) Cybersecurity 10
Q3) In which manner, current technology have impacted on airline industry? Frequency
a) Positive 30
b) Negative 4
c) Neutral 6
Q4) What are the importance of modern technology within an airline
industry?
Frequency
a) Automated assistance 8
b) Smarter systems 12

c) Greater connectivity 7
d) Better Customer services 13
Q5) What are the effects of air travel on the environment? Frequency
a) Contrails Leading to International Warming 12
b) Emission of Greenhouse Gases 13
c) Noise Pollutions 15
Q6) According to you, what are the effective ways for reducing impact of Air
Travel on the Environment?
Frequency
a) Setting up of rules and regulations 13
b) Use of technology 15
c) Use of Computer Programs to Cut down Noise Pollution 12
Q7) As per your view, what are the ways used by airlines to reduce air
pollution?
Frequency
a) Fly more efficient aircraft 11
b) Use sustainable lower-carbon alternative fuels. 14
c) Use modern techniques to reduce delays and set more efficient flightpath 15
Q8) Does air pollution impact on overall growth and success of airline
industry?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 3
c) Can't say 2
Q9) What is the effective role of modern technology in controlling air
pollution?
Frequency
a) Reduce carbon emission 15
b) Bring fuel efficiency 14

c) Avoid legal complications 11
Q10) According to you, reduction of air pollution beneficial for airline
industry in accomplishment of competitive advantages?
Frequency
a) Agree 30
b) Disagree 10
Q11) What are the ways in which government can help airline industry to
reduce air pollution?
Frequency
a) Tax to raise the price 10
b) Regulations to ban certain pollutants 10
c) Subsidise alternatives 10
d) Pollution permits 10
Q11) What are the major changes implemented in Aviation industry because
of increase in technology?
Frequency
a) Business process changes 5
b) Capability and performance changes 10
c) Experience of customer changes 10
d) All of the above 15
Q13) What are the potential challenges in application of environment friendly
practices in Airline industry?
Frequency
a) Increasing fuel efficiency 14
b) Investing in biofuels 16
c) Recycling programs 10
Q14) According to you, which is biggest challenge faced by airline industry
due to air pollution?
Frequency
a) Time consuming 10
b) Huge cost required 14

c) Implementation of Biofuel 16
Q15) How different strategies can be employed in airline industry to minimize
air pollution through modern technology?
Frequency
a) Engines features lighter material 10
b) Pollution prevention approaches 10
c) Clean air technology centre 10
d) Proper maintenance 10

Theme 1: The major benefits that could be accomplish by airline industry by reducing air
pollution
Q2) As per your views what are the major
benefits that could be accomplish by airline
industry by reducing air pollution?
Frequency
a) Improvement in industry performance 10
b) Enhance environmental condition 5
c) Provide better services to customer 10
d) All of the above 15
Interpretation : As per the above graphical representation it can be concluded that there are
different benefits that could be accomplish by airline sector by reducing air pollution. Out of 40
respondents 10 and 5 or 10 consider that this will help in improving the performance of industry
and enhancing environmental conditions or provide better services to customers respectively.
Where as other 15 respondents feel that all of the above factors are beneficial for airline sector.
Through this it has been determined that reduction of air pollution will be very effective for

airline sector. So this sector needs to take necessary actions in order to reduce or minimize air
pollution form environment.
Theme 2 : Current technology used in airline industry
Q2) What is the current technology used in airline industry? Frequency
a) Blockchain 10
b) Biometrics 10
c) Artificial intelligence 10
d) Cybersecurity 10
a) Blockchain
b) Biometrics
c) Artificial intelligence
d) Cybersecurity
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10 10 10 10
Frequency
Interpretation: As per the mention graph, there are different technologies which mainly
used by the airline industry. As per opinion of 10 respondents that Blockchain is mainly used
technology in airline sector because it gives secure digital transactions leader and holds potential
in any kind of project which consider data sharing. 10 other respondents are agree with
biometrics because in air transport this gaining the traction across sector, technology could could
begin to have transformative impact. According to 10 respondents that Artificial Intelligence is
more useful because this holds potential in other areas for an instance pricing, operational

efficiency on airfield, predictive aircraft etc. 10 remaining respondents are agree with
cybersecurity because deployment of emerging technologies and ongoing digitalisation of airline
sector helps in keeping the system safe and secure.
Theme 3: Positive and negative impact of current technology
Q3) In which manner, current technology have impacted on airline industry? Frequency
a) Positive 30
b) Negative 4
c) Neutral 6
a) Positive b) Negative c) Neutral
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
4
6
Frequency

Interpretation: According to opinion of 30 respondents that technology develops the
positive impact on the airline industry. This is having the impact on the maintenance and safety
that permitting airlines to keep the airplane in air longer and spent less time on ground.
Technology helps in minimize cost and to make improvement in experience of passenger. On the
other hand, there are 4 respondents which disagree with this statement and according to them
technology develops the negative impact because it arise the issue in leaking the information of
clients.
Theme 4: Importance of modern technology within an airline industry
Q4) What are the importance of modern technology within an airline
industry?
Frequency
a) Automated assistance 8
b) Smarter systems 12
c) Greater connectivity 7
d) Better Customer services 13
a) Automated assistance
b) Smarter systems
c) Greater connectivity
d) Better Customer services
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
8
12
7
13
Frequency

Interpretation: The technological advancement has been driving factor for make
improvement in operational efficiency of airline. According to 8 respondents that main
importance of the modern technology is Automated assistance that helps in reducing requirement
of the human intervention. 12 respondents are agree with the smarter system. There are 7
respondents which said that technology helps in connectivity with the pass angers and aircraft
organisations. According to 12 respondents that modern technology is helpful in providing the
Better Customer services.
Theme 5: Effects of air travel on the environment
Q5) What are the effects of air travel on the environment? Frequency
a) Contrails Leading to International Warming 12
b) Emission of Greenhouse Gases 13
c) Noise Pollutions 15
a) Contrails Leading to International Warming
b) Emission of Greenhouse Gases
c) Noise Pollutions
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
12
13
15
Frequency
Interpretation: The air travel develop negative impact on environment. According to 12
respondents that contrails Leading to International Warming is main negative impact of the
aircraft on environment. There are 13 respondents which agree with emission of greenhouse
gases because aircraft engined combust the fuel to be emit water vapour, soot, carbondioxide etc.

Emission at the high altitudes pose ore danger because of trigger of the chemical reaction series
as well as atmospheric impact to cover the wider areas. 15 respondents are agree with arising the
noise pollution issue because noise developed through aero placed is the short- lived. It arise the
issue of sleeping disturbances, interference, performance impact and others.
Theme 6: Ways for reducing impact of Air Travel on the Environment
Q6) According to you, what are the effective ways for reducing impact of Air
Travel on the Environment?
Frequency
a) Setting up of rules and regulations 13
b) Use of technology 15
c) Use of Computer Programs to Cut down Noise Pollution 12
a) Setting up of rules and regulations
c) Use of Computer Programs to Cut down Noise Pollution
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
13
15
12
Frequency
Interpretation: There are number of effective ways for decreasing the impact of Air
Travel on the Environment. Majority of participants have idea as use of technology is more
essential way for reducing impact of air pollution on the environment. Other 13 respondents have
knowledge as setting up of rules and regulations is effective and essential way as it help airline
industry by reducing the impact of air pollution. Remaining 12 industrial experts have opinion as
use of computer Programs helps by reducing the Noise Pollution.

Theme 7: Ways used by airlines to reduce air pollution
Q7) As per your view, what are the ways used by airlines to reduce air
pollution?
Frequency
a) Fly more efficient aircraft 11
b) Use sustainable lower-carbon alternative fuels. 14
c) Use modern techniques to reduce delays and set more efficient flightpath 15
a) Fly more efficient aircraft
c) Use modern techniques to reduce delays and set more efficient flightpath
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
11
14
15
Frequency
Interpretation: There are several ways that will be used by airlines to reduce air
pollution. 11 participants have knowledge as Fly more efficient aircraft is useful way for airline
industry in reduction of air pollution. 14 participants have knowledge as industry must use
sustainable lower-carbon alternative fuels that reduce impact of air pollution. Remaining 15
industrial experts have opinion as use of modern techniques supports airline sector in reduction
of delays and set-up more efficient flightpath. Therefore. These are consider effective ways that
would be beneficial in reduction of air pollution.
Theme 8: Air pollution impact on overall growth and success of airline industry
Q8) Does air pollution impact on overall growth and success of airline
industry?
Frequency

a) Yes 35
b) No 3
c) Can't say 2
a) Yes b) No c) Can't say
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
35
3 2
Frequency
Interpretation: Above mentioned graph described as air pollution impact on overall
growth and success of airline industry. Most of the industrial experts said yes as air pollution
have negative impact on growth of industry. 3 participants said no about the same concept.
Remaining 2 participants can't say in the same context. Therefore majority of participants are
agreed about this concept. Along with this, air pollution negative influence on airline sector.
Theme 9: Effective role of modern technology in controlling air pollution
Q9) What is the effective role of modern technology in controlling air
pollution?
Frequency
a) Reduce carbon emission 15
b) Bring fuel efficiency 14
c) Avoid legal complications 11

a) Reduce carbon emission
b) Bring fuel efficiency
c) Avoid legal complications
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16 15
14
11
Frequency
Interpretation: This graph helped in identification of role of modern technology in
context of controlling air pollution. There are number of roles that played by modern technology
such as reduction of carbon emission, bringing of fuel efficiency and avoid of legal
complications. These are consider main roles that will beneficial for airline industry to control air
pollution. In this, most of the participants said as reduction of carbon emission is one of the best
way for reducing air pollution.
Theme 10: Reduction of air pollution beneficial for airline industry in accomplishment of
competitive advantages
Q10) According to you, reduction of air pollution beneficial for airline
industry in accomplishment of competitive advantages?
Frequency
a) Agree 30
b) Disagree 10

a) Agree b) Disagree
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
10
Frequency
Interpretation: Above mentioned information concluded about the benefits for reducing
air pollution for airline industry. As it will support airline sector in accomplishment of its
competitive advantages. For this statement majority of experts are agreed whereas remaining are
disagreed about the same statement.
Theme 11 : The major changes implemented in Aviation industry because of increase in
technology
Q11) What are the major changes implemented
in Aviation industry because of increase in
technology?
Frequency
a) Business process changes 5
b) Capability and performance changes 10
c) Experience of customer changes 10
d) All of the above 15

Interpretation : Through the above collection of data it can be determined that increase in
technology will lead to have significant impact on changes in aviation sector. As per the view of
5, 10 and 10 respondents out of 40 it has be estimated that it will affect business process,
capability and performance, and experience of customers. where as most of the respondents
which is 15 out of 40 consider that changes will lead to have significant impact on all of the
above mention elements. It is very crucial for airline sector to consider new and innovative
challenges in order to perform different activities relation to aviation sector.
Theme 12: Ways in which government can help airline industry to reduce air pollution
Q10) What are the ways in which government can help airline industry to
reduce air pollution?
Frequency
a) Tax to raise the price 10
b) Regulations to ban certain pollutants 10
c) Subsidise alternatives 10
d) Pollution permits 10

a) Tax to raise the price
c) Subsidise alternatives
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10 10 10 10
Frequency
Interpretation: There are various ways in which government can support airline industry
to reduce air pollution. For this statement, industrial experts have different views about the ways
that used by government. These are tax to raise the price, regulations to ban certain pollutants,
subsidise alternatives and pollution permits. These are effective ways that would be used by
government within aimed to reduce air pollution.
Theme 11: Potential challenges in application of environment friendly practices in Airline
industry
Q11) What are the potential challenges in application of environment friendly
practices in Airline industry?
Frequency
a) Increasing fuel efficiency 14
b) Investing in biofuels 16
c) Recycling programs 10

a) Increasing fuel efficiency
b) Investing in biofuels
c) Recycling programs
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16 14
16
10
Frequency
Interpretation: Above mentioned information concluded about the number of challenges
in application of environment friendly practices within Airline industry. Most of the participants
have idea as investing in biofuels helps an organisation by overcoming challenge of air pollution.
Airline industry is maximising the fuel efficiency so that an organisation can give effective
services with least effect on environment. Along with this, remaining 10 respondents have
knowledge as recycling program is also an effective way that helps airline industry by reducing
wastage.
Theme 12: Biggest challenge faced by airline industry due to air pollution
Q12) According to you, which is biggest challenge faced by airline industry
due to air pollution?
Frequency
a) Time consuming 10
b) Huge cost required 14
c) Implementation of Biofuel 16

a) Time consuming
b) Huge cost required
c) Implementation of Biofuel
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
10
14
16
Frequency
Interpretation: There are number of issue that faced by airline industry due to air
pollution. These challenges are time consuming, requirement of large amount of capital and
implementation of biofuel. Along with this, it has been summarised that environmental practices
are more time consuming process for Airline sector. Some experts have knowledge as
environmental friendly practices are require maximum amount of cots. Remaining 16 experts
have analysed as implementation of biofuel is not easy for Airline company.
Theme 13: Strategies to minimize air pollution through modern technology
Q13) How different strategies can be employed in airline industry to minimize
air pollution through modern technology?
Frequency
a) Engines features lighter material 10
b) Pollution prevention approaches 10
c) Clean air technology centre 10
d) Proper maintenance 10

a) Engines features lighter material
c) Clean air technology centre
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10 10 10 10
Frequency
Interpretation: Number of strategies used to minimize air pollution via modern
technology. These are engines features lighter material, pollution prevention approaches, clean
air technology centre and proper maintenance. These are useful strategies that support airline
industry to reduce air pollution and implement best technology that help in improvement of
business growth and success and reduction of air pollution.
REFLECTION AND ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Reflection: I am thankful that I got this chance to do an investigation over the ways
through which airlines can reduce air pollution by using Modern technology. This is an
interesting topic that helped me by enhancing my knowledge about the airline industry and
impact of air pollution on overall industry. This understanding and knowledge helped me in my
future growth and success. Despite of all this by doing this dissertation I also become more
capable to develop my knowledge about certain kind of research techniques, tools and methods
that can be applied in order to collect, analyse and interpret information about the topic
effectively. While doing this research I made use of quantitative means of research as it
supported me in performing detailed study. Along with this, I also learned regarding the several
sources that were applied to collect primary and secondary data about the study. Within a
research I used both secondary as well as primary sources of data collection. I used questionnaire
for collecting primary information and for gathering secondary data, I followed number of

sources such as magazines, articles etc. Both types of sources supported me by providing
detailed as well as reliable information regarding the impact of air pollution and strategies by
which this issue can be overcome. Apart from this, by performing this investigation I also faced
number of challenges which are lack of time, unethical behaviour from respondents side,
improper amount of cost, lack of resources etc. These challenges have negative impact on my
performance when I require to complete this dissertation timely and ethically. To overcome this
challenges I followed ethical consideration that supported me by overcoming impact of unethical
behaviour of respondents. For managing time I used Gantt chart as it supported my by giving
accurate information about the starting and ending data of dissertation.
Alternative research methodology : In order to collected the data for this dissertation I
used questionnaire as it assist me in gathering of larger data in less possible time period. This is
so because the fund as well as time which is given to me was not sufficient but as the current
topic was wide I have to collect data from group of people so that it become more easier to show
the actual data or justification about the aims and objectives of investigation. But in future I
again acquire a possibility to execute research over such study I would use interview as an
effective and alternative method of research. Main reason for using interview in future as it give
reliable data about the field of study in reliable as well as valid way.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Conclusion:
From the above mentioned findings, it has been concluded that modern technology in
airline industry is more beneficial as this helped them in reduction of air pollution. There are
number of technology that were used by airline industry such as artificial intelligence,
biometrics, Blockchain, cybersecurity etc. These are modern technologies that are beneficial for
the entire industry by increasing their growth and success. There are certain importance of
modern technologies such as greater productivity, better customer services, smarter system and
automated assistance. Along with this, air travel has direct effect on the environment by
increasing noise pollution, increasing emission of greenhouse gases etc. In order to overcome
these effects, certain ways used such as use of technology, setting up of rules and regulations and
use of computer systems to cut down noise pollution. Apart from this, airline industry used
certain ways for reducing air pollution such as fly more efficient aircraft, use sustainable lower-
carbon alternative fuels and use current techniques to cut down delays and set more efficient
flightpath. These are consider main practices that have been applied by airline industry for
overcoming impact of air pollution. Modern technology within airline industry played an
essential role by reducing carbon emission, avoiding legal complications and transferring fuel
efficiency. Therefore, reduction of air pollution is more beneficial for growth and development
of airline industry. In order to reduce air pollution, government also takes some initiatives such
as regulation to ban certain pollutants, tax to raise the price, subsidise alternatives and pollution
permits. These initiatives help tourism organisation by reducing impact of air pollution. In this,
recycling programs, investing in biometrics and increasing fuel efficiency are environment
friendly practices that helps an organisation by overcoming challenges of air pollution. In
addition, there are biggest challenges that are faced by company due to air pollution such as time
consuming, implementation of biofuel and requirement of huge cost.

Recommendation:
According to the above mentioned information or data, it has been recommended number
of strategies that would be used by airline industry for reducing air pollution and its impact on
environment and business growth. Some useful recommendations will be provided to the airline
industry which are:
Utilisation of pollution prevention approaches: - It is more essential for Airline to must
follow number of approaches that would support them in reducing air pollution. This is more
helpful and essential in reducing as well as eliminating air pollution and its impact on
environment. There are various approaches that must be applied by Airline industry to decrease
the toxic raw materials. Therefore, it is important to use fuel that is fewer polluting as well as
track to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of Aircraft progress. Therefore, these strategies
will lead to have effect on air pollution as well as enhancing environment.
Use of technology: There are some latest technology that could be used by airline
industry including biometrics, blockchain, robotics & autonomous vehicles, artificial
intelligence, voice technology, cybersecurity, assistive technology etc. These are modern
technologies that will be beneficial and useful for airline industry in reduction of air pollution.
With the use of these technology that will be essential for company in accomplishment of
competitive advantages and long term goals and objectives. Along with this, to deal with the
issue of climate effects by the airline industry, modern technology must be applied in designing
planes to make them more effective and efficient. Along with this, a breakthrough in usage of
another kind of fuel i.e. greener, like biofuels, solar panels, batteries and hydrogen, could save
the global from the humiliation of the environment by the aircraft experts running on kerosene.
Fresh air technology centre: This is consider another strategy that will be used by
airline industry. This strategy have direct impact on performance of an organisation as well as
clean air environment. By implementing this strategy, Airline will be more capable to do its
services without harming environment. There are certain technology centre for clean air such as
electrostatic precipitation, fabric fitters, wet scrubbers etc. With the help of this technology,
airline industry more able to give better services and other resources that is more effective in
preventing air pollution.
Utilisation of Fuels made from cooking oil, sugar cane, and biomass: This is also being
considered as another recommendation that can be given to Aviation industry is that, it could

effectively take into consideration of fuel which is specifically made up of sugar cane, biomass
along with the cooking oil. However, this is gonna cost much to the industry but if it is thought
for a longer term, then it will deliver appropriate benefits to both the airlines and it will also save
the natural environment as well from air pollution that is being emitted at current position or
situation.
Engines feature lighter materials, added gear: This is also said to be another crucial
recommendation, that can be given where Airplane makers are utilizing more eco-friendly
motors in new plug planes. In June, Boeing started creation of the 737 MAX and expects
introductory experimental drills one year from now. The single-walkway planes use CFM
International's new LEAP 1-B motor which has a light-weight carbon fiber fan and is up to 15
percent more eco-friendly than current models. Not to be beaten, Airbus is making the single-
walkway A320neo stream with either a CFM motor or another Pratt and Whitney one that has an
additional rigging. Airbus has mentioned that, it has just tried the stream with the two motors and
plans to start conveyances in the not so distant future. The stream utilizes 20 percent less fuel for
each front seat as a result of the motor and different highlights.

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