This report examines the issue of alcohol consumption and abuse within Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Australia. It explores the prevalence of high-risk drinking, the etiology including cultural and socioeconomic factors, and the significant impact on health and social problems such as violence, family breakdown, and high rates of hospitalization and imprisonment. The report analyzes government strategies like the National Drug Strategy and National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ Drug Strategy, evaluating their effectiveness and limitations. It also discusses health promotion strategies, including community-wide alcohol bans and culturally sensitive communication approaches. Furthermore, the report highlights the need for holistic, culturally competent services, improved cross-cultural communication, and increased indigenous involvement in decision-making processes to effectively address alcohol-related harms and promote healthier lifestyles within these communities, emphasizing the importance of addressing the social determinants of health.