A Critical Analysis of Robert Rodriguez's Essay 'Family Values'

This essay analyzes Robert Rodriguez's 'Family Values,' exploring the complex relationship between homosexuality and traditional family values, influenced by post-modernist philosophy and the author's personal experiences. The essay discusses Rodriguez's influences, including James Baldwin and George Orwell, and the socio-political context of the late 20th century, particularly the gay rights movement. It examines Rodriguez's critique of American family values, contrasting them with Asian and Latin American perspectives, and highlighting the themes of immigration, cultural identity, and the challenges of assimilation. The analysis delves into Rodriguez's use of personal anecdotes, emotional appeals, and generalizations, showcasing his arguments on family dynamics, societal expectations, and the importance of embracing one's cultural roots. The essay is a reflection on the evolving concept of family and the integration of diverse perspectives within it, with a focus on Rodriguez's own experiences as a Mexican immigrant and an openly gay individual.

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1. Introduction
The essay Family values (1982) by Robert Rodriguez encapsulate and address the
theme of homosexuality. It argues that homosexuality is in consonance with family values as
against the established notion of homosexuality posing a threat to family values. The essay
reflects a potent influence of post-modernist philosophy that thrusts upon personal feelings
and introspection (Doll and William p. 32-74). The essay effectively tries to argue how
family values are redefined, reimagined and reinterpreted in the light of Rodriguez’s
confession about his homosexuality to his parents.
2. Discussion
Rodriguez has been greatly influenced by James Baldwin, also known as Jimmy
Baldwin (Michael). His literary elegance especially the aplomb with which he described the
Jim Crow America made a mark with the writer. Another author whose work has a struck a
chord with the author is the writer of ‘Animal Farm’ George Orwell. From Orwell, Rodriguez
imbibed the idea that style of narrative needs to be in accord with the essay and investigate
the journey of an idea. The writer has employed the short devices by Orwell in articulating
his stories. The gay consciousness of the late 1970s and early 1980s has also inspired his
work. The author employs lived experiences and emotional appeals; he is successful in this
attempt to appeal to the readers.
It is important to note that the author could languidly discuss on the theme of
homosexuality because of the socio-political climate where gay rights movement was
becoming visible. Hence, there is an unequivocal discussion about homosexuality in the
twentieth century which is otherwise a topic of taboo. If the author would have lived a decade

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prior to the essay, such conversations on homosexuality would have turned out to be a career
suicide. The late 1970s America is defined by a series of landmark events that became
instrumental in the history of the rights and liberation of homosexuality. October 14, 1979
witnessed one of the largest political mobilizations, the National March on Washington for
Lesbian and Gay Rights organized by the homosexual community known in Washington DC
(Encarnación, pp. 90-104). In 1978, Harvey Milk was elected as the first gay man to the
public office in the United States. This socio-political climate was fertile and influential in
paving the path for the essay.
Rodriguez uses his opinions to create stereotypes of both the American society as well
as the cultures of the immigrants. His is not concerned with a particular individual or
collective body but pontificates against a national culture of America. The author has
condemned the family value upheld by the American society. This can be understood as the
pathos It is characterized by the departure of children from their parent’s home, living on
their own and carving an identity of one’s own which is different from that of their parents
(Haley). Hence, he emphasizes that the family values of an individual is contingent upon the
country of origin of the individual. The disposition of American family life can be attributed
to the American worldview that is it necessary to challenge the authority and the philosophy
that who you are where you came from (Gash and Priscilla, pp. 146-164). The author argues
that the American values are evocative of masculine principles that valorize autonomy and
strength. Despite, the rise of feminism, women are expected to fulfil the nurturing duties of
family. Similarly, the homosexual members in a family are imagined as excessively
emotional beings and hence, along with women they are also believed to be compatible for
nurturing roles. However, it is the homosexuals who are actually more emancipated as they

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are unshaken by the societal expectations of sexual division of labour in the family. At the
same time, they engage in relationships without the confines of heteronormative marriage.
Contrary to other cultures, the American culture is one that creates a distance between
the parents and the children (Kagitcibasi, Cigdem and Bilge, pp. 374-292). He juxtaposes the
Asian cultural values with that of America. On the positive front of Asian culture, the author
argues that appreciates the close-knit nature of the Asian social fabric where they are oriented
towards the collective, the family as against the individual. On the negative side, there is
repression of individual expressions as there is an expected commitment towards the family.
This is illustrated through the story of his friend of Asian origin who was a closet homosexual
and was anxious about in what ways he would reveal to his family. This underscores on the
ambivalence of the Asian family values that is replete with both advantages and
disadvantages. Isabelle Allende, a Chilean American author opines that Latin American is
more tribe oriented with clans and extended family members being predominant (American
Family Values? Think Immigrant Women Leaders). Allende is also critical about the
American family values of the scenario where children go to college and only visit home
during thanksgiving. She exhorted the immigrants in USA to retain their distinctive cultural
values and not compromise them in the ebb of acculturation and assimilation.
Throughout the text, the author’s polemical account of the American society is salient.
The author’s biography as a Mexican immigrant in San Francisco acted as a fodder to his
work. As an immigrant with his distinctive cultural values, the author provides a bottom-up
view of the American society through an examination of its values. Rodriguez has been vocal
about the vernacular language as it creates a sense of intimacy and the segregation that
language creates from the white English-speaking people is natural to him. The family

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language and family life is intimate and important for the author. The author has also been
openly gay and hence, his observations and subsequent disapproval of the American
worldview of family is justified. All these can be understood as ethos of the text these
entrenches his credibility as an author to articulate on family values, migration and
homosexuality. Living in the American society, the author had to experience disapproval for
choosing to live with his parents which is considered in dissonance with the American family
values. This is illustrated in this quote “The assurance of family-continuity, inevitably-is
precisely what America encourages its children to overturn. Become your own man”
(Rodriguez).
The author found it difficult to assimilate with the American culture that came with its
own cost. The author’s observations about the American culture hints at his discomfort with
white American culture. In his argument, the American family values are weak. The author
makes generalizations about American culture and Asian culture without delving into the
scope for heterogeneity. Rodriguez further engages in generalizations by making a reference
to a radio announcer who devoted an entire session castigating the family values. According
to Rodriguez, this is paradoxical as the radio announcer was a divorced person inhabiting in
the city of New York and hence does not have the authority to sermonize on family values.
He mocked America’s romanticization of the immigrant’s determination to embark upon a
journey of hardships in a foreign land. They also exalt the immigrant ancestors as the
architect of family values and traditions. This is once again paradoxical, as Americans do not
espouse the traditional family values (Tsai et al, pp. 1241-1252).This hypocrisy exhibited by
the Americans towards the immigrants is interesting as the residents of America are
themselves immigrants from different countries. All these indicate the pathos in the text as it

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evokes sympathy for the author as well makes the readers critical about the nature of family
values in America. The author has elegantly employed different kind of appeals to bare his
heart about his journey.
This essay is an ode to the ideals of family life that is rooted in the epicentre of
Mexican culture. Along with the themes on pangs of immigration, separation of family,
adapting to a foreign and dominant culture, the theme of homosexuality lingers throughout
the text. The author is poised to make a connection with the readers by appealing to their
personal dynamic with the family. The text is redolent of family values and it is imperative to
embrace one’s culture against the face of homogenization. The following quote aptly captures
the quintessence of Rodriguez’s ebb of emotions “Like branches in a tree we all grow
directions but our roots keep us all together.”

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4. References
American Family Values? Think Immigrant Women Leaders." HuffPost. N.p., 2018. Web. 7
Mar. 2018.
Doll Jr, William E. A post-modern perspective on curriculum. Teachers College Press, 2015.
Encarnación, Omar G. "Gay rights: Why democracy matters." Journal of Democracy 25.3
(2014): 90-104.
Gash, Alison, and Priscilla Yamin. "State, Status, and the American Family." Polity 48.2
(2016): 146-164.
Haley, Alex. Roots: The saga of an American family. Hachette UK, 2016.
Kagitcibasi, Cigdem, and Bilge Ataca. "Value of children, family change, and implications
for the care of the elderly." Cross-Cultural Research 49.4 (2015): 374-392.
Michael, David. "Regarding Mystery: An Interview With Richard Rodriguez." The Paris
Review. N.p., 2018. Web. 7 Mar. 2018.
Tsai, Kim M., et al. "Parental cultural socialization of Mexican‐American adolescents’ family
obligation values and behaviors." Child development 86.4 (2015): 1241-1252.