UK Criminal Justice System: Examining the Crisis in Prison System

This essay examines the crisis within the UK prison system, highlighting critical issues such as overcrowding, inter-prisoner violence, drug problems, and inadequate medical supervision. It references reports from organizations like the Council of Europe Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT), which have raised concerns about unsafe conditions. The essay explores the causes of these problems, including understaffing, lack of resources, and poor living conditions, leading to mental health issues and self-harm among prisoners. Furthermore, the essay discusses potential solutions, such as increasing security, reducing idleness through cultural and sports activities, classifying prisoners based on risk, and building new prisons. The importance of improved sanitation, hygiene, and food quality is also emphasized, alongside the need for adequate medical and mental health support to promote prisoner rehabilitation. Desklib offers additional resources for students studying criminal justice.

Criminal Justice
System essay

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
The criminal justice system is the important part of UK which promotes a proper network
which is implemented by the government and all the other agencies being hold privately so as to
manage the conviction and to attain and manage the criminal intentionally. This is en framed
through different cultures and the practises in which the forensic services, law enforcement,
corrections, judiciary and all the other legal services and administration are incorporated. The
main aim of criminal justice system is to manage and regularise the justice in the society and also
to create a public safety and other imposed methods. As for all the citizens living in UK this
provides the methods and the means through which all the reformation and the other general
nature and characters are being applicable. The convicted persons are mainly being shifted to
prisons and they will have to be in reform for that particular time period(McNaull, 2021). This
essay will cover the crisis which are been faced by the prison system in UK. Further it will also
cover the reasons and the methods through which this can be removed.
MAIN BODY
Prison system in UK is generally being made in order to punish the offenders as this is managed
and are framed in order to punish all the offenders in the country who are engaged in affecting
the safety of the public. They are made in order to punish all the offenders and also to reduce the
crime rate in the country. As there is believed by them that removal of any person can remove
the crime too. It leads out to be the social issue in which the challenges and the other
interpersonal conflicts can be removed. Their can be seen that population in Prison is increasing
enormously from 1950 where their were about 20,000 prisoners to 85,843 as of now. As in the
recent time their can be seen that the condition of prisons are getting worsen there is been
analysed that the major effect and the issues were being enlighten in the prison reforms (San,
Bastug, and Basli, 2021).
Reason of crisis of all the prison system in UK as it is been seen that the prisons in UK
are in deep crisis, as per the report of council of Europe committee for prevention of torture
(CPT). Their the complaint was been raised by the prisoners that the prisons are merely unsafe
for them and along with it there is over crowding and violence which was immaterially being
analysed. The main issues which are been seen in all the prisons are like the inter prisoners
violence thorough which all the assaults and the other violence with the co-prisoners are being

analysed. Their were also seen that some of the situations in which all the alarming conditions
and the issues as assaults are being taken place in all such areas. The drugs and the other
different barriers are being identified as the prisoner get huge connection to gain the drugs in
there are when their has been made several test they all were particularly tested positive with all
these issues(Colenutt, 2020). The prisons were not having the psychological balance and there
is been created an overcrowding through which the lack of private space and the social conflicts
has been raised. The major issues which the prisoners faced in the over crowding impact are the
smell, noise and the other proximity of the neighbours through which the self harming and the
suicide cases are also been seen. The result of all such over crowding leads to the mental disorder
and other self inflicted injuries. In order to attain and manage all the supervision and the
guidance their can be abruptly managed that there is being seen that all the issues and the reasons
in which the prisons are affected. It is been seen that their complied so many areas and the
reasons through which the over crowding can be immensely seen. It involves all the nature and
the function through which the work and the prison population creates a major chronic
overcrowding. Their is been seen that bas the lack of jails and the reform centres the country is
facing the major issue and there is applied that all the areas which are mainly been seen
adversely affected is the reformatory regions. As so many of different types of prisoners are
affected through all such means and there is been seen that all the prisoners as due to shortage of
the prisons has made eventually the main reasons and the areas that are majorly being affected.
Their is been seen that all the major areas and the issues which the country is been facing the
government is not pro
Another major reason for the crisis is the shortage of the medical supervision and the
staff there is acknowledged that no proper medical facilities are being provided to the prisoners
and that creates a immense issues in all of them. Earlier their were appointed the front-line
officers who manages all the health related issues and they are also reduced with the change in
time, their were various supervising committee their had been made but the less staff made it
difficult to manage all the prisoner in equal manner and to treat them all in a systematic approach
(Maycock, Meek, and Woodall, enzulli, 2021). The result of the understaffing created a major
crisis as their observed that there is decline in the leisure and the rehabilitative activities and the
prisoner were forced in order to stay for the longer time period in the cells. As according to the
article 12 of social protection and human rights it is important that all the prisoners need to get

adequate medical facilities bothy physically and mentally. All the shortage of the medical
facilities creates a worse situation for all the prisoners and this will reflect and make the work to
be affected so far.
Other major issues which were being faced in all the prisons in UK is the fights and the
harms that are being made in between them. As all the prisoners were living together and there is
no proper systematic approach and staffing being given in order to manage all the prisoners
equally so there is been seen that harms and the violence is being created and the assaults are
being noticed in all the prisons in England and Wales. Their implies that all the nature and the
working can adaptably being framed and this relates to the method in which all the faces were
severally being made on the staff and the functions. All such activities are mainly being affected
through the issues that are being made in all the areas and the main reasons where the prisoners
are majorly being affected(apadopoulou, and Maniou, 2021). Their is been seen an immense
frustration in the mind and the work of the prisoners and as they do not get the proper
supervision they lead to make and involve themself with all the issues and the work that can
affect the society. Their is been seen that in all such cases where the main element is to attain and
implement the working nature and the guiding principles. It involves that all the prisoners are
mainly being deteriorate and are affected. Thus, there is been seen that all the major reasons of
the crisis in the prisons of England and Wales are the lack of supervision and along with it the
major issues like the eliminating the guidance and the over crowding which can adversely impact
all the work and the guided functions. Their is been applied that no proper medical facilities and
the staffing is been given because of which there is the effect in all the areas and the prisons are
majorly being affected.
The particular issues which are needed to be in immediate concern as due to crisis are like the
overcrowding, violence, lack of supervision and also the mental and the physical torture. It is
been notes that as in all areas it is important to manage and give the proper space to the person
the criminals generally have the different thinking process they carry out so much rage,
restlessness, anger and temper in their instate well being so there is needed a proper guidance
and the mental peace to reform them and to make them feel comfortable and manageable. It is
being seen that in those areas where such measures and the working is involves their can be seen
that all the nature and the working which is being made in between all the individuals are
concerned and managed (Al-Shibli, 2020). The prisoners generally as when the company of all

such people who are also engaged actively in all such acts this make them to be more
apprehended by all such crimes. As the number of prison is reduced from 137 to 117 in coming
years. As in Prison Estate Transformation Programme the givernbement5 has focused in
managing and making 10000 new prisons but some of the major challenges which are been faced
by the government are like the long term isolation, and other poor living facilities make them to
feel depression, hallucinations, regression and other cognitive dysfunction. The UK government
although tries to make and manage different reforms and areas through which they can attain the
work and also maintain the growth and the evolution with better facilities to all the prisoners. But
their can be seen that in all the adequate areas it is not being applied properly and the functions
and the management of the company was not being managed accordingly. Another major
ui8ssues which is been seen is the main food which is being given to them is of bad quality
which majorly affects their health their is no proper nutrients which are being given to them. In
UK there is been seen that all the prisons generally have the heads who manages and attains to
keep check in all the inspection of food and the living conditions but they all are not being
idealised(Adams,and Emmerich, 2021).
Measures which can be taken in order to resolve all the issues in the prison are like, as
there is been seen that in all the UK prison their bis seen that the Ministry of Justice MOJ has
analysed that their are so many death which are raised in the coming years of the prisoners and
due to which their were being inflicted that so many self harm incidents are taken place in the
prison of England and Wales. Some of the main measure the UK government can take in order to
over c0ome all the issues and manage the improvement in the prisons are like the Security as
when the increase of the overcrowding is observed their analysed that so much of violence and
the conflicts are been addressed so their should be reduction of Idleness as the prisons should
start opting and managing all the increased opportunity like the cultural, sports and other
act5ivites through which the release of stress can be attained. The UK prison reforms can also
classify all the prisoners on the level of risk where their seems that the less security can be
managed. It implies that all the prisoners are needed to be classified according to their behaviour
and nature. Their is also need that the UK government, focus on making the new prisons
through which they may reorganize and manage all the prisoners properly. As HM prisons has
made to apply the new prisons to be added (Creaney, 2020).

The health conditions of the prisoners is much more important so a proper toilet,
cooking facilities, sanitation and other adequate serving are needed to be provided to manage and
maintain the work accordingly. It is been seen that the improve sanitation is required through
which the food and the hygiene facilities are adequately being given to all. The low risk and the
inmate labour is being applied so the prisoners can there manage and attain the to cultivate all
the food by their own and their should be imposed the gardens, vegetables and the poultry
system so that the proper nutrients and the adequate diet can be given to all the prisoners. Their
is considered to apply and manage all the nature and the working conditions so the prisons are
involved and manage the work in proper timely manner. Other important areas are like through
which their can be made a continuous improvement in the prison reforms are the volunteering, as
this is considered to be an effective and important factor through which all the the prisoners can
be managed effectively. Their applies that all the community groups and the non governmental
organisation can work as for the prisoners and manage the effective involvement and
maintaining the growth and the restructure. Their is reduction of the areas through which the
major inmates idleness can be opted (Krawczyk, and et. al., 2020). The staff in the prisons are
needed to be trained as their applies that in all the prisons there is need of the effective
communication and along with it there is a proper human relationship and the respectful
conditions that are being opted and managed. The supervisors should always treat all the
prisoners in proper manner and their should be attained a anger management, conflict mediation
and the human relationships to be applied in proper and focused way.
As the white paper sets a proposal through which they are focusing on investment on the
reforms and also in n managing the productive regimes to manage the stable sentences and the
conditions. It helps in monitoring and guiding all the new purpose full emergence with the vary
nature and working. As the prisons will not be made as the one size fits for all the members and
their is needed to manage and set new criteria through which the determination of all the
measures and the work can be managed and their involves all the best nature and working
conditions in order to attain the growth and the measures through which all the proper habitat
culture is given to the persons. All the front-line staff are needed to attain and manage the
supervision for the supports of the offenders so that they can manage and maintain the safety in
all the prisons and their general reform. All the authority and the government should apply such
conditions as through them all the offenders should gain the right to eduction and manage the

skills. This will make them to know about the work and will make the idealised working and
managing functions(Malhotra, 2021).
The Ministry of Justice has published a white paper through which they had made all
the new tracking system, and also applied some new condition in which they manage and
rehabilitate all the individuals and the prisoners. Their was the introduction of the prison court
bill through which they focus on preventing all the re offending and the reduction of the
intergenerational crimes are been seen. It can be complied that in all the areas there is needed to
manage and attain the work to be progressively being managed. In all the prisons the government
should try to make the safe and the clear environment through which all the vital rights and the
security is to be given to the individuals. Their involves that all the prisoners are needed to be
actively involved in some positive work and they are needed to be guided practically about the
mental health through which the person will apply and manage the work and this will inflict and
manage the proportionate working conditions. All the prisoners should be managed in a
systematic manner and no over crowding should be made in any of the areas. They should also
get a proper place fro their living and the facilities to live their(Mia, Panchal, and Guglot, 2021).
Thus, there is been seen that the prison condition in England and Wales is facing the
major crisis and this needed to be managed all this are reflecting on the prisoners as they are
engaged in violence and the self harming activities. Their is been seen that all such things are
effectively making the work and the living conditions worsen for them. The government of UK
are needed to manage all the proper reforming facilities through which they may remove the over
crowding and make more prisons and proper adequate medical and the health facilities are
needed to be provided to them. UK government should impose and focus on the living conditions
of all the prisoners and also on their rights to get proper treatment and environment for living.
CONCLUSION
From this above essay it can be concluded that, Criminal justice system is an important
practise through which all management and the removal of the criminal activities are being taken
place. It helps in serving and attaining the proper engagement of the authorities to remove the
crime. Their is also seen that the prison system is facing a major crisis in England and Wales and
some of the major reasons are like the over crowding, violence, self harms, aggression, no
adequate facilities for food or hygiene. This creates a major issues in all the prisoners and

resulted in suicides and other violence activities Further it is also concluded that in all such cases
the government in UK can try to manage and maintain the work and should open some more
prisons and provide adequate facilities to the prisoners and the supervision teams should a;so
maintain and manage the work adequately and immensely with general nature and attainable
working ways.
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Mia, R., Panchal, V. and Guglot, Y., 2021. The Role of'Digital Forensic Photography'-In the
Indian Criminal Justice System
Malhotra, H., 2021. Sentencing Policy in Indian Criminal Justice System: An Analysis with
Reference to Compoundable Offences. Available at SSRN 3873358.
Krawczyk, N., and et. al., 2020. Opioid overdose death following criminal justice involvement:
Linking statewide corrections and hospital databases to detect individuals at highest
risk. Drug and alcohol dependence, 213, p.107997.
Creaney, S., 2020. Children’s voices—Are we listening? Progressing peer mentoring in the
youth justice system. Child Care in Practice, 26(1), pp.22-37.
Adams, F. and Emmerich, F., 2021. Mapping the Manifestations of Exclusion: Challenging the
Incarceration of Queer People. In The Queer Outside in Law (pp. 107-140). Palgrave
Macmillan, Cham.
Al-Shibli, F., 2020. Contracting out public services to the private sector in the UK: Issues and
considerations. Global Jurist, 20(3).
Maycock, M., Meek, R. and Woodall, J.,2020 Issues and Innovations in Prison Health Research.
Papadopoulou, L. and Maniou, T.A., 2021. ‘Lockdown’on Digital Journalism? Mapping Threats
to Press Freedom during the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis. Digital Journalism, pp.1-23.
Renzulli, I., 2021. Prison abolition: international human rights law perspectives. The
International Journal of Human Rights, pp.1-22.
Colenutt, B., 2020. The property lobby: the hidden reality behind the housing crisis. Policy
Press.
McNaull, G., 2021. 17 Contextualising violence. Sexual Violence on Trial: Local and
Comparative Perspectives, p.209.

San, S., Bastug, M.F. and Basli, H., 2021. Crisis management in authoritarian regimes: A
comparative study of COVID-19 responses in Turkey and Iran. Global Public Health,
16(4), pp.485-501.