CHC33015: Understanding Anatomy, Physiology and Body Functions

This assignment, CHC33015, delves into the anatomy and physiology of various body systems, including the cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal, endocrine, digestive, urinary, reproductive, integumentary, lymphatic, nervous, and immune systems. It requires students to define structural parts and functions of each system. The assignment then explores how the body regulates healthy functioning, focusing on body temperature, fluid and electrolyte balance, waste elimination, and blood pressure. Furthermore, it addresses the body's protection against infection. Finally, the assignment presents client support scenarios, providing practical suggestions for individuals with specific health concerns, such as a client with digestive issues and another with weight loss and fatigue concerns, offering recommendations for diet and exercise. The assignment is well-researched and uses appropriate terminology and referencing.

CHC33015
CHC33015 healthy body functions
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CHC33015 1
CHC33015 healthy body functions
Task 1. Research and complete the following table using the correct terminology for the
anatomy and physiology of each of the bodies systems.
Body System
Body Systems Structural Parts (anatomy) Function (physiology)
Cells, tissues, and organs  Cytoplasm;
 Membrane;
 DNA;
 Ribosomes;
A collection of cells makes
a tissue;
A collection of tissues
makes an organ;
Cells are the smallest
functioning unit of the body.
Each tissue and organ
perform a specific activity.
Cardiovascular system  The heart;
 Veins;
 The Arteries;
 The Blood and blood
vessels;
 The right and left side of
the heart.
 Capillaries;
The cardiovascular system
helps the body transport
hormones, oxygen, nutrients,
and required substances to the
tissues, cells, and organs.
Respiratory system  Nostrils;
 Nasal cavity;
 Pharynx;
 Bronchioles;
 Bronchi;
 Mouth;
 Lungs;
 Trachea;
 Larynx;
 Alveoli;
The main functions include
supplying oxygen from the
outside to the body tissues
and organs.
It also removes carbon
dioxide from the tissues to the
outside environment.
Musculoskeletal system  Bones;
 Hard such as joints and
tissues cartilages
 Muscles;
 Soft tissue such as tendons,
ligaments, synovial
membrane and joint
The main role is providing
support to the body both at
rest and during movement.
Endocrine system  Hypothalamus;
 Pineal body;
 Pituitary;
Its main role is controlling
and coordinating the body's
metabolism, reproduction,

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 Testes;
 Thyroid and parathyroid;
 Adrenal gland;
 Pancreas;
 Ovary;
 Thymus;
energy level, growth and
development, responses such
as stress, response to injuries
and mood.
Digestive system  Mouth;
 The Esophagus;
 The Stomach
 The Intestines;
 Pancreas;
 Gallbladder;
 Liver;
 The Colon, Rectum, and
Anus
The digestive system helps in
the digestion of food which
involves breaking it into
small molecules and then
absorbs it into the body.
Urinary system  Kidneys (2);
 Ureters (2);
 Bladder;
 Sphincter muscles (2);
 Bladder Nerves;
 Urethra;
The role of the urinary system
is to filter blood and release
urine as a waste product.
Also, keeps water and
chemicals such as sodium and
potassium in balance.
Reproductive system Male System
 Testes;
 Prostate;
 Urethra;
 Ejaculatory ducts;
 Seminal vesicles;
 Bulbourethral glands;
 Scrotum;
 Epididymis;
 Penis;
 Prostate gland;
 Vas deferens;
Female System
 Clitoris;
 Vagina;
 Uterus;
 Fallopian tubes
 Ovaries;
 Bartholin's glands;
 Labia majora;
The male system helps in
production and transportation
of sperm to the female body;
The role female system is to
receive sperms, produce egg
cells, and maintain the
reproduction cycle;
Integumentary system  Skin (epidermis and
dermis);
 Hair;
 Nails;
Protects the body’s internal
organs from the external
world. Retains fluids, protects
against disease, eliminate

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 Glands;
 Nerves;
waste, regulate temperature;
Lymphatic system  Lymph Nodes;
 Tonsils;
 Intraepithelial lymphocytes;
 Lymph;
 Spleen;
 Peyer’s patches;
 Lamina propria
lymphocytes;
 Thymus;
 Lymphatic Vessels;
Maintains the fluid balance
and transports fat. Works with
the immune system to fight
infections
The nervous system,
including sensory systems -
eye and ear
 Brain;
 Spinal cord;
 Eyes;
 Ears;
 Nerves
 Sympathetic system
Controls the body and
manages the communication
between the organs.
The special senses - smell,
taste, vision, equilibrium,
and hearing
 Eyes;
 Ears;
 Nose;
 Tongue;
 Skin;
They collect sensory
information including the
changes in the environment
and pass convert it into nerve
impulses.
Immune system  White blood cells;
 Antibodies;
 Complement system
(proteins);
 lymphatic system
 spleen;
 bone marrow;
 Thymus;
Protects the body against
infections.

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Task 2. Questions
1. What resources does the body require to regulate healthy functioning and how is it
maintained? For each of the following points provide a one-paragraph answer in
your own words that demonstrates your understanding.
(a) body temperature
When temperatures grow hot or cold, the hypothalamus senses that the body is getting
cold. It then begins to send signals to the skin, muscles, glands to either start sweating(hot) or
shivering (cold) (Information et al., 2016).
(b) fluid and electrolyte (including PH) balance
When there is a decrease in fluid volume, sodium concentration rises which stimulates
the hypothalamus. The posterior pituitary gland secretes the antidiuretic hormone which causes
the kidneys to retain water (Cuzzo et al., 2020).
(c) elimination of wastes from the body
The major components that the body requires for the elimination of waste are the lung for
the removal of carbon dioxide, the skin removes excess salt, and kidneys remove excess water.
(d) maintenance of blood pressure
The management of blood pressure requires the nervous system to regulate vascular
homeostasis. The nervous system then regulates the cardiovascular system through
cardiovascular centers located in the brain (Raven & Chapleau, 2014).

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2. How is the body protected from infection and why is this important? Provide a one-
paragraph answer.
The immune system works by recognizing alien cells and destroying them to prevent
them from destroying body cells. It is important to remain. The system is important for the
maintenance of good health (Information et al., 2019).
Task 3. Client Support
1. Ian is a 54-year-old male who often forgets to drink water. He prefers a diet of
takeaway food and coffee and lately, he complains of not being able to go to the
toilet. What suggestions about keeping digestive functioning healthy could you
educate, encourage and support him with? Provide a two-paragraph answer of
practical steps you could recommend and how you would explain the body structure
benefits to your client
Ian could have constipation due to a lack of fiber and water. To correct this, he needs to
take a lot of water to dilute waste and help in movement (Rolfes et al., 2014).
Ian also needs to take a lot of fiber to help in the movement of bowels within the
intestine. Fiber also helps with water retention. Soluble fibers retain water that remains in the
stool making it soft to pass through.

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2. Jenny is 24 and says that she wants to lose some weight. She has made healthy
changes to her diet, but she needs to become more active. Jenny has an intellectual
disability and gets tired quite easily. What suggestions could you make and
incorporate into her routine that she could manage daily? Provide a two-paragraph
answer of practical steps you could recommend and how you would explain the
body structure benefits to your client
Jenny needs to get reasonable targets for her work out. Also, even though she has limited
her diet, she needs to take a test for a heart problem or anemia which are symptoms such as
excessive weight gain and feeling tired easily(Taylor, 2013).
In her daily routine, she needs to have a chart that monitors her weight loss and set
rewards whenever she achieves a goal.

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References
Cuzzo, B., Padala, S. A., & Lappin, S. L. (2020). Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone, ADH). In
StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526069/
Information, N. C. for B., Pike, U. S. N. L. of M. 8600 R., MD, B., & Usa, 20894. (2016). How
is body temperature regulated and what is fever? In InformedHealth.org [Internet].
Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279457/
Information, N. C. for B., Pike, U. S. N. L. of M. 8600 R., MD, B., & Usa, 20894. (2019). How
does the immune system work? In InformedHealth.org [Internet]. Institute for Quality
and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279364/
Mootz, R. D., & Vernon, H. T. (1999). Best Practices in Clinical Chiropractic. Jones & Bartlett
Learning.
Raven, P. B., & Chapleau, M. W. (2014). Blood Pressure Regulation XI: Overview and Future
Research Directions. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114(3), 579–586.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-2823-z
Rolfes, S. R., Pinna, K., & Whitney, E. N. (2014). Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition.
Cengage Learning.
Taylor, R. B. (2013). Family Medicine: Principles and Practice. Springer Science & Business
Media.