Disagreement Surrounding Animal Testing in Cosmetic Industry, UK

This research project investigates the disagreement surrounding animal testing within the UK cosmetic industry, using The Body Shop as a case study. The project begins with an overview of the research, including the research topic, aim, significance, and inclusion/exclusion criteria. It then outlines the research objectives and questions, followed by a literature review that explores the concept of animal testing, the issues faced by animals, and the impact of the disagreement. The methodology, findings, and discussion sections analyze the influence of the disagreement. The project also covers the implications of the practice and concludes with references. The Body Shop's position and the broader ethical and business implications of animal testing are central to the analysis.

Research Project
(Disagreement surrounding Animal
Testing in Cosmetic Industry in the UK.
The Body Shop Case Study)

Table of Contents
TITLE..............................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................3
Overview of the Research .....................................................................................................3
Research Topic.......................................................................................................................3
Aim of the research project....................................................................................................3
Significance of the Research .................................................................................................3
Inclusion and exclusion Criteria.............................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH OBJECTIVES OR HYPOTHESIS.....................................................4
Research Aim ........................................................................................................................4
Research Objectives ..............................................................................................................4
Research Questions ...............................................................................................................5
CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................5
Concept of Animal Testing in Cosmetic industry. ................................................................6
Type of issue faced by animals in testing of cosmetic products on them. ...........................7
Decision of Disagreement surrounding Animal Testing in cosmetic industry or to The Body
Shop are effected on them. ....................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.............................................................................9
CHAPTER 5: FINDINGS.............................................................................................................11
CHAPTER 6: DISCUSSION.........................................................................................................24
CHAPTER 8: IMPLICATIONS OF THE PRACTICE ................................................................28
CHAPTER 9: REFERENCES ......................................................................................................30

TITLE
Disagreement surrounding Animal Testing in Cosmetic Industry in the UK. The Body
Shop Case Study.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Overview of the Research
Cosmetic testing on animals is a kind of animal testing that is use to test the safety as
well as hypoallergenic properties of goods for use by an individual (Berggren and et. al., 2015).
In this dissertation, given organisation is The Body Shop which is a British skin care and
cosmetics organisation that was introduced by Anita Roddick in 1976. Currently, company has
approximately 1000 products which it sells in over 3049 franchised and owned stores globally in
66 countries. It is a first global and international cosmetic company (Bessems and et. al., 2015).
Beside this, the Body Shop cosmetic industry will take the campaign or approaches to the top
authority, the UK, and request a global meeting banning cosmetic product testing on animals.
Cosmetic is the most developing industry in the UK, that is widely concern on providing
good or effective products and services to their significant customers in regards to maintain its
brand image within the mind set of users. Cosmetic Testing on animals is considered as a sort of
animal testing which is applied to test or analyse the hypoallergenic aspects and safety of
cosmetic products for human body. Animal testing is basically occurs on the full finished
cosmetic items or it may also occurs on the individual ingredients within a formulation on
animals like mice, rabbits and other animals (Braithwaite, 2013).
Research Topic
“Disagreement surrounding Animal Testing in Cosmetics Industry in the UK. The Body
Shop Case Study.”
Aim of the research project
Main aim of this dissertation proposal is to identify the influence of disagreement
surrounding Animal Testing and its impact on Cosmetic industry (Doss, 2018). This dissertation
help in analysing the effect of disagreement surrounding Animal Testing and its direct influence
on Cosmetic industry (Laquieze, Lorencini and Granjeiro, 2015).

Significance of the Research
The research taken into consideration is based on the issue of disagreement surrounding
Animal Testing and its potential influence on the Cosmetic Industry (DeMello, 2013). The
present area of study is required for each individual to know about the animal testing and its
impact on the global environment. In this research proposal, one of the main problem is
Disagreement surrounding Animal Testing which highly impact on animals and business in a
direct manner. For this, research is more essential and significant for the investigator to identify
impact of cosmetic testing on animal(Hennigs, Karampournioti and Wiedmann, 2016).
Inclusion and exclusion Criteria
Inclusion criteria for this particular research is different sort of animal testing,
environmental influence that are caused due to animal testing, information about organisation
that use animal testing for their products, the causes of animal testing on the environment and the
exclusion criteria for this research is failure to adhere to pre-test requirements, infection,
evidence of altered training of people etc.
CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH OBJECTIVES OR HYPOTHESIS
Research Aim
This considered to be the most essential part of the research thus it refers as the
predetermined statement which signifies the research issue in the form of clear or concise
statement (Hamschmidt, 2017). The potential aim of this research is "To identify the influence
of disagreement surrounding Animal Testing and its impact on Cosmetic industry". A case
study on The Body Shop. This is a wide area of study which is basically focuses on describing
the effects of animal testing for analysing the relevancy of cosmetic products. The animal testing
is unauthentic in nature and this specified area of study provides wide area of knowledge about
the animal testing for the cosmetic products.
Research Objectives
Research objectives is refers as a clear, concise or declarative statement that gives proper
direction to the researcher to investigate the variables in proper manner. Thus research objective
is more significant and essential aspect for the researcher to accomplish objective and aim of
research effectively and systematically. This section is recognised as the essential part of
dissertation that is based on aim of the research. This section is basically categorised among two

parts like dependent or independent variable (DeMello, 2012). The objectives are basically
directed towards analysing the potential relationship among the variables. The existing
investigation work is based on the issue of Animal Testing in Cosmetic Industry in the UK and
in this objectives are created that clarify the key aspects of the research in appropriate manner.
The potential objectives of this research are associated as under:
 To understand the concept of Animal Testing in Cosmetic industry.
 To analysis the issue faced by animals in testing of cosmetic products on them. To make decision of Disagreement surrounding Animal Testing in cosmetic industry or
to The Body Shop.
Research Questions
Research question is defined as a short, specific or debatable statement that centre the
overall research (Basketter and et. al., 2012). This section is directly interconnected with the aim
and objectives of the research. This section is effective in execution of literature review through
the perspective of various writers or authors. There are some important questions made by
investigator according to the research objectives which are described as under:
 What is the concept of Animal Testing in Cosmetic industry?
 What type of issue faced by animals in testing of cosmetic products on them?
 How decision of Disagreement surrounding Animal Testing in cosmetic industry or to
Body Shop are effected on them?
CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature is identify as a type of information source. There are different kind of literature
source which is used by the researcher in order to collect accurate and relevant amount of
information from the respondents. Beside this, books, journals and questionnaire are identified as
a main source of literature review. In this different number of authors are give their opinion and
point of view about the research topic (Mamayko, Boyko and Merkulova, 2016). It is also
referred as the main and essential factor of research. This section involves views of various
authors and scholars, an investigator analysis the view and opinion of writers in order to analysis
a term and to know more about it in detail and in-depth manner. All this support an investigator
in drawing legal and efficient conclusion. This is the most essential part of the investigation work

as in this appropriate theoretical framework is created through the accumulation of data from
secondary sources.
The present exploration work is based on the study of analysing the influence of
disagreement surrounding Animal Testing and its impact on Cosmetic industry. This is a wide
area of research and has a huge scope for investigator or learner in their personal as well as
professional life. In this proper theoretical framework is created on examine the concept of
Animal Testing in Cosmetic industry, the issues faced by animals in testing of cosmetic products
on them and the disagreement of animal testing by the company of Body Shop. In this
informations are gathered for the purpose of addressing the research issue in appropriate manner.
Concept of Animal Testing in Cosmetic industry.
According to the Murnaghan, (2018), animal testing is also known as animal research,
experimentation. It is used to support an animal who are faced issue and impact of cosmetic
products produced by cosmetic industry. An animal test is refer a scientific test or experiment in
which an animal is forced or effected to experience something that is possible to cause them
distress, suffering, pain or lasting harm. Animal testing is an effective term which is refers to
procedures worked on living animals for aim of investigation into basic diseases and biology.
As per the Curtin kayla, 2108, This animal testing are in practices from the Aristotle, they
test cosmetic and biomedical on animal before using those cosmetic on human being. Majority of
people avoid using those product which are still test upon animals and some sees this is a good
practices. These tests are conducted to understand the way at which proportion human body
reacts and to asses the safety as well as effectiveness upon human. The companies who market
their product overseas are doing animal testing of their cosmetic products. There is an alternative
way to test cosmetic products rather than testing those products on animals. If customer get to
know that these products are tested upon animals then public relation will effect and it will also
destroy the customer loyalty (Ashton and et. al., 2014). The different types of animal tests to
safeguard the ingredients and formulas in cosmetic are:
 Guinea pig maximization test:- This test measure the sensitivity of ingredients and
formulas or involve some type of injections which are injected in skin or in body.
 Draize test:- It is identify as an effective procedures applied to find out dermal irritation.
In this albino rabbits are used because they have more sensitive skin or body than
humans. Along with this, semi occlusive patches of the trial material are located on skin

and data point are taken at twenty four and seventy two hours. This determines dermal
irritation from which human's might suffers, these are tested on rabbit who have more
sensitive skin than human (Urde, Baumgarth and Merrilees, 2013). The test reading is
taken between 24 hours to 72 hours and then according to result skin of rabbit is graded
whether it's erythema and edema. Eye irritancy test:- This procedures defines any eye irritation, as they put the drop in
rabbit eye and evaluate it for 24 hours and up-to 7 days as to analyse whether it's safe for
human eye or not. Such type of test happens if the cosmetic product gets into the eyes.
This test involves albino rabbit’s animal again and compounds or elements are put into
the eyes. In this evaluation take place at twenty four, forty eighth, seventy two hours and
up to seven days.
Type of issue faced by animals in testing of cosmetic products on them.
According to Shatzman Celia, 2018, The product development to packaging to
marketing, has a long journey and numerous steps are taken to secure the products. The animals
are still suffering and died due to shampoo testing, eyeliners, creams, mascara and other
cosmetic products. These are tested by dropping into throats, eye or on skins of rabbit, mice,
guinea pig, rats before they are killed. Animals are suffered endlessly and it's not needed to test
those products on animals before trying on human beings. Numerous cosmetic manufacturing
ingredients declared or has been deemed safe to use. The alternatives to test cosmetic products
are tissue and cell testing as these provide more reliable result rather than animal testing of
products. As more than 100 millions animals are died due to cosmetic testing on them and
millions are suffered due to skin issues. The animals used to faced painful tests for the
demonstration that product is effective and safe for human being. The numerous laboratories for
biology lessons, medical training, curiosity-driven experimentation, chemical testing, drug &
food testing and cosmetic testing people are used animals and they brutality harmed. The testing
on animals to human has proven misleading and problematic in many ways (Hartung and et. al.,
2011). As these are tested on their skins due to which they faced a lot pain and their hairs are
also shaved just to test the sensitivity of products on animals skins. Animals eyes are burned
brutality just to test eyeliners and eyeshadow by dropping some amount. To stop these issues it's
essential to adopt alternative to test and most of the ingredients are considered very safe, so no
need to test cosmetics every time.

Each year approximately 100 million animals namely mice, frogs, cats, dogs, mice,
hamsters, fish, birds, monkey, pigs etc. are killed in United State. Laboratories for medical
training, biology lessons, curiosity-driven experimentation, and food, chemical, drug and
cosmetic testing. Before animal’s deaths, few are strained to inhale toxic fumes and many other
are immobilized or floating in restraints devices for some hours. Some animals have gap drilled
into their skulls and some other have their skin injured off. Such type of testing also impact on
animals by crushing its spinal codes. As per the point of view of Bessems and et. al., (2015)
Cosmetic test on animal is also impact on its body and can cause considerable distress and pain
including swollen eyes, blindness, sore bleeding skin, organ damage, birth defects, internal
bleeding, convulsions and death. At the end of test, pain relief is not given to animals, so it can
cause as their death, normally by neck-breaking, asphyxiation or decapitation. Thus testing of
cosmetic products on animal is highly damage their body parts and kill their life.
Decision of Disagreement surrounding Animal Testing in cosmetic industry or to The Body
Shop are effected on them.
According to Liou stephanie, 2010, The animal like rats and mice shared the same
similarities in genetic and physiological like human, if animal testing is going on, then it directly
influences the living of animals. It's important for government to make decisions in accordance
to disagree the surroundings of animals testing (Hartung, 2011). The numerous petitions are
signed and campaigns are launched to stop the testing cosmetics on animals. The body shop
company have signed the petition related top set the animal testing and save them by using
alternative ways which much cheaper, easier and quicker to responds. Through alternative
methods no one is get harmed. The companies should take decisions in terms to stop testing
products on animals. The products which company manufactured should use reliable and
authentic products which don't need testing. The government had launched so many campaigns
which are related to ban animal testing in cosmetic labs. The first company get their petition to
UN with having a lot people in their side who are animal friendly and finally they take their
campaign to different countries as to ensure the law adopted and enforce everywhere. The
animal testing is get banned in EU since five year to protect the animals from harmful activities.
From this millions of animals get died and faced numerous painful activities just to teat a
particular product. The alternatives are identifies best way to protect animals through harmful
activities. The effective decisions are taken to implement strategic decisions for campaign. The

body shop campaign gets incredible responses to protect animals. This is banned because people
are know a days become more cruelty free and vegan are the major two issues for customers in
market. These are main aspects due to which decisions are taken to disagreement the animal
testing in cosmetic companies (Yeon Kim and Chung, 2011). There are numerous innovations
and rapidly change technology also helps companies to use non-animal testing techniques. It's a
better time to call fro an end to animal testing by using alternatives methods. These decisions are
also very important for welfare of animals and problems which they during the testing. The
testing reduce their quality life and involves a lot pain, it's morally wrong as well as unethical
practices. The accurate decisions are required to from just to protect the animals from unethical
practices.
In this The Body Shop make an effective decision to stop disagreement surrounding
animal testing and its impact on animals. In an international marketplace, it is essential for all
nations to ban cosmetic testing on animals. In this cosmetic industry make an agreement or
decision to launch their global campaign and to call on legal authority around the globe to ban
animal testing for cosmetic. Animal test are progressively state replaced with cheaper, quicker
and more reliable non-animal methods. All these are identify as modern methods which are more
relevant and valuable to people and have been analysis to predict an individual reactions much
better than old and outdated animal tests (About Cosmetics Animal Testing, 2018). Beside this,
The Body Shop can prove their cosmetic products or items are safe by applying established
ingredients. For example: approximately 20,000 ingredients in EU's database for which security
and safety information is available. There are different ways to overcome impact of cosmetic
testing on animals. All this ways are adopted by The Body Shop and make an effective decision
to implement an effective strategy. Beside this, they always purchase cruelty-free products,
educate others, help stop cosmetics testing in the US, make a donation etc. All this are identify as
one of the main and essential ways to reduce the impact of cosmetic testing on animals. The
Body shop can stop animal testing impact on animals and still produce, existing, safe and new
beauty products, simply by producing the cruelty-free way. It is do by the organisation by
applying different number of ingredients or products with a long detail of safe use.
CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
It refers to the process of gathering data or information for the purpose of creating
decisions in regards to the research activities. Research methodology is an effective and main

process in Dissertation. It is used by an investigator with purpose to collect data and information
for the motive of making accurate business decisions (Marx and et. al., 2016). The essential
component of research methodology are associated as under:
Type of Investigation: The section of the research is based on the data that are
accumulated by the researcher. There are basically two types of research which is used by
researcher to executing each and every activity of research in appropriate manner. In this, one is
qualitative research and other one is quantitative research (Nicolopoulou-Stamati, Hens and
Sasco 2015). According to the topic qualitative research is used because it is more suitable for
collecting quality information. In the present investigation work qualitative research tool has
been applied by the researcher as it is effective in creating a theoretical framework for addressing
the research issue in appropriate manner(Cole and Morgan, 2011).
Research Design: This section is categorised among three major aspects like descriptive,
exploratory or experimental research design. It is identify as a set of procedures and methods
used in gathering and evaluating measures of the research problems. According to the research
and the topic, descriptive design is more suitable and valuable because it will be support them in
driving accurate conclusion. Descriptive research design is based on detailed analysis of the
qualitative data. Exploratory research design is seeks to describe subject matter that is being
investigated and also provide the answers of questions. However Experimental design is used to
develop relationship among effect and cause of situation (Rezai and et. al., 2012). In the present
investigation work descriptive research design has been applied by the researcher which is most
suitable tool for the qualitative investigation.
Research Approach: This encompasses on two major types one is inductive or other one
is deductive research approach. Both approaches are essential but according to the topic
deductive approach is more suitable for understanding the respondent's response about the topic.
Inductive approach is generally based on qualitative investigation and deductive research
approach is associated with creating hypothesis that is depend on the existing theory to test
hypothesis. In the present investigation work inductive research approach has been used by the
researcher.
Data Collection Tools: This is the most considerable aspect of the research as data and
information are the key element because the overall activity of an investigation is based on the
data which are accumulated by the researcher (Girotto, 2013). Data collection are opf two type

primary and secondary. In the present investigation work primary and secondary both tools are
applied.
Access to data and research ethics:- Use of secondary information mostly revolve
around actual harm or hurt to individual subject and problem of return for consent. Such type of
data vary in forms of the amount of information identifying in it. The research ethics principles
are mainly related with informed consent, confidentiality and anonymity. All this are identify as
a role of investigator to communicate information about research objectives in clear manner to
the respondents. In this, investigator should ask simple and easy questions to the participants and
make sure such questions not harm and effect on individual (Locke and et. al., 2017).
Limitations:- There are so many limitation or difficulties which are basically witnessed
at the period of conducting investigation. According to the topic or research, time is identify as
one of the main limitation because research topic is vast or large for getting appropriate response
from the respondents side (Madia, Worth and Corvi, 2016). For this, researcher need accurate
time period for identifying proper response of participants. So in the entire it can be described
that time is not maximum for the all activities of research.
CHAPTER 5: FINDINGS
According to primary research:-
It refers to the investigation that has been done by the researcher for the first time in order
to collect the fresh data for current topic of concern. For conducting research over
“Disagreement surrounding Animal Testing in Cosmetic Industry in the UK. The Body Shop
Case Study” questionnaire method has been used. In this number of questions has been formulate
along with some options in order to fix the criteria to collect information. The reason behind this
is that the topic is very vast and it become impossible to collect information effectively as
researcher is required to concise the data from the available information in order to present it
effectively which is very time consuming. So by preparing questionnaire it the information
collection criteria must be specified and responded will provide only provide their view over the
scope which is available in front of them.
This questionnaire is made available to 30 respondents in order to collect the information
regarding the current research topic. From this survey it has been found that majority of people
have knowledge about the concept of animal testing as it is one of the most popular practice
which is performed by cosmetic brand from several years. It has been found cosmetic testing is

mainly performed over rabbit and rat in order to determine the side effect of any cosmetic before
its launch. These actions will help them in providing cosmetic products to its customers which
are free from any sort of side effects that may harm their skin or health after applying it over
their body. This includes several type of test such as acute toxicity, eye irritancy and skin
sensitivity so that after the launch of product these issues may not be faced by customers of any
popular brand as it may affect their goodwill. In addition to this if any of these may be faced by
customer after applying the cosmetics then it may lead to negative publicity of company which
also harm its goodwill and company has to loose its customer base. The questionnaire prepared
for research is given below:-
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the concept of Animal Testing in Cosmetic
industry?
Frequency
Yes 20
No 10
Q2) What types of animal are use in testing of cosmetic products? Frequency
Rabbit 10
Rat 10
Mus 8
Others 2
Q3) What types of tests are done on animals? Frequency
Eye Irritancy 10
Acute Toxicity 10
Skin Sensitization 7
Other 3
4) Is animal testing harmful on environment? Frequency
Yes 25
No 5