Annotated Bibliography: Drone Delivery System in E-commerce

This annotated bibliography examines the implementation of drone delivery systems within the e-commerce sector, drawing on twelve scholarly articles to explore the benefits, drawbacks, and broader implications of this technology. The bibliography begins by defining drones and their applications in e-commerce, followed by an analysis of articles that discuss the advantages of drone delivery, such as environmental benefits and efficient delivery. Several sources address consumer acceptance, privacy concerns, and the economic factors involved in drone delivery implementation, including cost-effectiveness and sustainability. The bibliography also includes articles that highlight the challenges associated with drone delivery, such as logistical issues, energy constraints, and the impact on environmental sustainability. The selected articles cover topics such as consumer acceptance, economic factors, and the environmental impact of drone delivery, offering a comprehensive overview of the current state and future possibilities of drone technology in the e-commerce industry.

Running head: IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
Introduction
Drones generally refer to the unmanned aerial vehicles that are designed to enable the
transportation of products from one place to the other. The drones are also used as surveillance
agents in order to maintain the security of a place or gather information without the physical
presence of a human being in the given area. The following paper attempts to draw upon the
existing literature in order to discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of the drone delivery
system that is being implemented by the business organizations dealing in the ecommerce
activities.
Koiwanit, J. (2018, May). Contributions from the Drone Delivery System in Thailand to
Environmental Pollution. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1026, No. 1,
p. 012020). IOP Publishing. Available at DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1026/1/012020
Koiwanit (2018) in the article entitled “Contributions from the Drone Delivery System in
Thailand to Environmental Pollution” attempts a discussion on the use of the drones on a
commercial level. The article discusses on various advantages of using drones for the
commercial purposes. The article majorly focusses on the fact that the use of drones in the
ecommerce deliveries would help in the maintenance of the environmental issues that affect the
businesses. The given article has been taken from an authentic source and can thus be stated as a
credible source of information for the future researchers. The major advantage of the article lies
in highlighting the key benefits of using unmanned aerial devices in the commercial purposes.
Khan, R., Tausif, S., & Javed Malik, A. (2019). Consumer acceptance of delivery drones in
urban areas. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 43(1), 87-101. Available at
DOI: 10.1111/ijcs.12487

2IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
Khan, Tausif and Javed Malik (2019) in the article entitled “Consumer acceptance of
delivery drones in urban areas” discusses the issues that are raised by the clientele in the
commercial uses of the drones. The given article has been taken from an authentic source and
can thus be stated as a credible source of information for the future researchers. The major
advantage of the article lies in highlighting the key benefits of using unmanned aerial devices in
the commercial purposes. The article focusses on the fact that the clients of the e-commerce
organizations tend to raise a concern on the privacy issues that might be breached due to the
incorporation of the unmanned aerial vehicles or the drones in the delivery of the ecommerce
products.
Yoo, W., Yu, E., & Jung, J. (2018). Drone delivery: Factors affecting the public’s attitude
and intention to adopt. Telematics and Informatics, 35(6), 1687-1700. Available at
DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2018.04.014
Yoo, Yu and Jung (2018) in the article entitled “Drone delivery: Factors affecting the
public’s attitude and intention to adopt” attempt a comparison between the traditional transport
systems used for the delivery of goods and the innovative ways that have been introduced in the
present days for the ease of the delivery of the various products that are generally marketed by
the ecommerce organizations. The major advantage of the article lies in highlighting the key
benefits of using unmanned aerial devices in the commercial purposes. The authors of the article
tend to concentrate on the advantages that the drones provide in terms of the hassle-free delivery
to the accurate location as compared to the traditional transport systems like the trucks.
Li, Y., Zhang, G., Pang, Z., & Li, L. (2018). Continuum approximation models for joint
delivery systems using trucks and drones. Enterprise Information Systems, 1-30.
Available at DOI: 10.1080/17517575.2018.1536928

3IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
Li et al. (2018) in the article entitled “Continuum approximation models for joint delivery
systems using trucks and drones” attempts a discussion on the economic factors that come into
play in the comparative discussion on the delivery methods that are used by the ecommerce
companies in order to deliver the concerned products to the clientele. The article further
discusses the cost effectiveness of the models that are implemented by the concerned ecommerce
activities. The article has been derived from a reliable source and thus can be considered to be a
credible and authentic source of information. The article highlights the fact that the
implementation of the drone delivery involves a high amount costs on the part of the business
organization.
Fowler, V., Student, H., Medlin, D. B., & Vannoy, S. A. (2018). Reverse Logistics: Scenarios
Related to Drone Deliveries and Returns. Business students' personal branding: An
empirical investigation, 1, 54. Available at:
https://encompass.eku.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1340&context=fs_research#page=56
Fowler et al. (2018) in the article entitled “Reverse Logistics: Scenarios Related to Drone
Deliveries and Returns” attempts a discussion on the various disadvantages of the usage of the
drones that are implemented by the ecommerce companies. The article suggests that the drones
that are used by the various business organizations for the purpose of transporting materials from
one place to the other. The article focusses on the high amounts of cost that is involved in the
employment of the drones for the delivery purposes. The given article has been taken from an
authentic source and can thus be stated as a credible source of information for the future
researchers. The major advantage of the article lies in highlighting the key issues occurring from
the use of unmanned aerial devices in the commercial purposes.

4IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
Liu, J., Guan, Z., & Xie, X. (2018, August). Truck and Drone in Tandem Route Scheduling
under Sparse Demand Distribution. In 2018 8th International Conference on
Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. Available at DOI:
10.1109/LISS.2018.8593233
Liu, Guan and Xie (2018) in the article entitled “Truck and Drone in Tandem Route
Scheduling under Sparse Demand Distribution” discusses the major issues that arise from the
incorporation of the unmanned aerial devices or the drones in the matters that are related to the
delivery and transportation of certain materials from one place to the other. The article highlights
the fact that the use of the drones might pose a number of issues including the shortage of the
duration for which the power retained within the device. The authenticity of the information in
the article is vouched through credibility of the information contained within the article.
Troudi, A., Addouche, S. A., Dellagi, S., & Mhamedi, A. (2018). Sizing of the Drone
Delivery Fleet Considering Energy Autonomy. Sustainability, 10(9), 3344. Available
at DOI: 10.3390/su10093344
Troudi et al. (2018) in the article entitled “Sizing of the Drone Delivery Fleet
Considering Energy Autonomy” discusses the issues regarding the sustainability as is
implemented through the incorporation of the unmanned aerial devices or the drones for the
purpose of commercial uses. The article sheds light on the sustainability issues that are presented
due to the use of the drones for the various commercial purposes. The article has been derived
from a reliable source and thus can be considered to be a credible and authentic source of
information. The article highlights the fact that the implementation of the drone delivery within
the ecommerce organizations helps in the improvement of the CSR activities within the given
organization.

5IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
Goodchild, A., & Toy, J. (2018). Delivery by drone: An evaluation of unmanned aerial
vehicle technology in reducing CO2 emissions in the delivery service
industry. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 61, 58-67.
Available at DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2017.02.017
Goodchild and Toy (2018) in the article entitled “Delivery by drone: An evaluation of
unmanned aerial vehicle technology in reducing CO2 emissions in the delivery service industry”
sheds light on the advantages of the incorporation of the unmanned aerial vehicles for the
purpose of transport within the business organizations dealing in the ecommerce activities. The
article has been derived from a reliable source and thus can be considered to be a credible and
authentic source of information. The article sheds light on the sustainability issues inclusive of
the low CO2 emissions that are presented due to the use of the drones for the various commercial
purposes.
Liu, J., Guan, Z., Shang, J., & Xie, X. (2018). Application of Drone in Solving Last Mile
Parcel Delivery. Journal of Systems Science and Information, 6(4), 302-319.
Available at DOI: 10.21078/JSSI-2018-302-18
Liu et al. (2018) in the article entitled “Application of Drone in Solving Last Mile Parcel
Delivery” sheds light on the uses of the drones in the areas that are located in the rural sections.
The authors attempt to discuss the utilities of the unmanned aerial vehicles that are presented in
the areas wherein the traditional delivery systems cannot be implemented. The authors focus on
the fact that the use of the drones in delivering the materials in the remote areas is cost- effective
as well as assists in the maintenance of the accuracy and speed in the delivery of the products
that are sold through the e-commerce organizations. The given article has been taken from an

6IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
authentic source and can thus be stated as a credible source of information for the future
researchers.
Bertram, R. F., & Chi, T. (2018). A study of companies’ business responses to fashion e-
commerce’s environmental impact. International Journal of Fashion Design,
Technology and Education, 11(2), 254-264. Available at DOI:
10.1080/17543266.2017.1406541
Bertram and Chi (2018) in the article entitled “A study of companies’ business responses
to fashion e-commerce’s environmental impact” sheds light on the challenges that are faced by
the ecommerce organizations in terms of the logistics that are maintained by the organization.
The article has been derived from a reliable source and thus can be considered to be a credible
and authentic source of information. The article states that one of the major challenges that is
faced by the concerned organization stems from the maintenance of the environmental
sustainability as well as the other CSR activities that are undertaken by the organization.
Seakhoa-King, S., Balaji, P., Alvarez, N. T., & Knottenbelt, W. J. (2019, March). Revenue-
Driven Scheduling in Drone Delivery Networks with Time-sensitive Service Level
Agreements. In Proceedings of the 12th EAI International Conference on
Performance Evaluation Methodologies and Tools (pp. 183-186). ACM. Available at
DOI: 10.1145/3306309.3306339
Seakhoa-King et al. (2019) in the article entitled “Revenue-Driven Scheduling in Drone
Delivery Networks with Time-sensitive Service Level Agreements” shed light on the economic
growth that has resulted from the use of drones for various commercial purposes. The article
highlights that the drones involve a cost-effective method in the delivery and the transportation

7IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
of the materials from one place to the other. The given article has been taken from an authentic
source and can thus be stated as a credible source of information for the future researchers. The
article further helps the future researchers to develop an idea about the impact of the drone
delivery of the revenue earnings of the concerned ecommerce company as well.
Chiang, W. C., Li, Y., Shang, J., & Urban, T. L. (2019). Impact of drone delivery on
sustainability and cost: Realizing the UAV potential through vehicle routing
optimization. Applied Energy, 242, 1164-1175. Available at DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.117
Chiang et al. (2019) in the article entitled “Impact of drone delivery on sustainability and
cost: Realizing the UAV potential through vehicle routing optimization” discusses the ways in
which the delivery by the drones might help in the maintenance of the sustainability and the cost-
effective nature of the business organizations dealing in ecommerce. The article sheds light on
the sustainability issues inclusive of the low CO2 emissions that are presented due to the use of
the drones for the various commercial purposes. The article attempts to discuss the effect of
usage of drones in the emission of the CO2 within the given environment. The article has been
derived from a reliable source and thus can be considered to be a credible and authentic source of
information.
Conclusion
In lieu of the above discussion it might be pointed out that the implementation of the
drone delivery systems within the delivery fleet of the business firms dealing in ecommerce
might prove to be beneficial for the concerned organization. The implementation of the drones is
observed to have been beneficial for the maintenance of the CSR activities within the given

8IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
organization. The use of the drones in delivering the materials in the remote areas is cost-
effective as well as assists in the maintenance of the accuracy and speed in the delivery of the
products.

9IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
References
Bertram, R. F., & Chi, T. (2018). A study of companies’ business responses to fashion e-
commerce’s environmental impact. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology
and Education, 11(2), 254-264. Available at DOI: 10.1080/17543266.2017.1406541
Chiang, W. C., Li, Y., Shang, J., & Urban, T. L. (2019). Impact of drone delivery on
sustainability and cost: Realizing the UAV potential through vehicle routing
optimization. Applied Energy, 242, 1164-1175. Available at DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.117
Fowler, V., Student, H., Medlin, D. B., & Vannoy, S. A. (2018). Reverse Logistics: Scenarios
Related to Drone Deliveries and Returns. Business students' personal branding: An
empirical investigation, 1, 54. Available at:
https://encompass.eku.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1340&context=fs_research#page=56
Goodchild, A., & Toy, J. (2018). Delivery by drone: An evaluation of unmanned aerial vehicle
technology in reducing CO2 emissions in the delivery service industry. Transportation
Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 61, 58-67. Available at DOI:
10.1016/j.trd.2017.02.017
Khan, R., Tausif, S., & Javed Malik, A. (2019). Consumer acceptance of delivery drones in
urban areas. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 43(1), 87-101. Available at DOI:
10.1111/ijcs.12487

10IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
Koiwanit, J. (2018, May). Contributions from the Drone Delivery System in Thailand to
Environmental Pollution. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1026, No. 1, p.
012020). IOP Publishing. Available at DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1026/1/012020
Li, Y., Zhang, G., Pang, Z., & Li, L. (2018). Continuum approximation models for joint delivery
systems using trucks and drones. Enterprise Information Systems, 1-30. Available at
DOI: 10.1080/17517575.2018.1536928
Liu, J., Guan, Z., & Xie, X. (2018, August). Truck and Drone in Tandem Route Scheduling
under Sparse Demand Distribution. In 2018 8th International Conference on Logistics,
Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. Available at DOI:
10.1109/LISS.2018.8593233
Liu, J., Guan, Z., Shang, J., & Xie, X. (2018). Application of Drone in Solving Last Mile Parcel
Delivery. Journal of Systems Science and Information, 6(4), 302-319. Available at DOI:
10.21078/JSSI-2018-302-18
Seakhoa-King, S., Balaji, P., Alvarez, N. T., & Knottenbelt, W. J. (2019, March). Revenue-
Driven Scheduling in Drone Delivery Networks with Time-sensitive Service Level
Agreements. In Proceedings of the 12th EAI International Conference on Performance
Evaluation Methodologies and Tools (pp. 183-186). ACM. Available at DOI:
10.1145/3306309.3306339
Troudi, A., Addouche, S. A., Dellagi, S., & Mhamedi, A. (2018). Sizing of the Drone Delivery
Fleet Considering Energy Autonomy. Sustainability, 10(9), 3344. Available at DOI:
10.3390/su10093344

11IMPLEMENTATION OF DRONE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN E-COMMERCE
Yoo, W., Yu, E., & Jung, J. (2018). Drone delivery: Factors affecting the public’s attitude and
intention to adopt. Telematics and Informatics, 35(6), 1687-1700. Available at DOI:
10.1016/j.tele.2018.04.014