Research on Low Teacher Pay: An Annotated Bibliography Review

This annotated bibliography explores the issue of low teacher pay through a review of eight different sources. The sources include research articles and a YouTube video, each providing a unique perspective on the topic. The articles discuss the teacher pay gap, the misallocation of pay and productivity in the public sector, the impact of working conditions and teacher quality, and the effects of performance-related pay. The YouTube video highlights teacher strikes and dissatisfaction over wages. The bibliography emphasizes the importance of adequate compensation and incentives for attracting and retaining qualified teachers, improving student outcomes, and addressing issues related to teacher turnover and job satisfaction. This resource is available on Desklib, where students can find similar assignments and study tools.

Running head: LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
Low Pay of Teachers
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:

1LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
Allegretto, S. A., &Mishel, L. (2016). The Teacher Pay Gap Is Wider than Ever: Teachers'
Pay Continues to Fall Further behind Pay of Comparable Workers. Economic Policy
Institute.
This particular article usually focuses on the fact that weekly wages earned by teachers at
public schools is almost 1.8% lower during the years 2014- 2015. This falling of wages of
that of teachers is more than what experienced teachers are undergoing through. If they
demand for their hike for wages or bargain with their salaries at the stage of entry level then
they are subjected to penalties. Penalties posed on teachers can sometimes be attributed to
relations associated with trade-off in between wages as well as bargaining. The article
focuses on the fact that in order to recruit teachers with high level of expertise, it is a
necessary fact that good wages have to be provided accordingly.
This particular source of article is actually throwing light on the fact that adequate wages
have to be provided to teachers who are involved in teaching different standards of education
as well as according to performances secured by the students. The discussion mainly forms a
centre of the fact that teachers are suffering due to lack of motivation and people are mostly
shifting towards other profession for better opportunities.

2LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
Bau, N., & Das, J. (2017). The misallocation of pay and productivity in the public sector:
Evidence from the labor market for teachers. The World Bank.
This particular article utilizes a unique set of data for teachers who work at public as well as
private schools and their level of productivity that would be analysed by school students and
this would help to determine effectiveness of teachers in countries with low-income. This
would also help to draw relations between teacher value added (TVA) with that of co-
relators. Teachers who work at contract levels in public schools usually face reduction of
wages by 35% and this does not have much effect on TVA process. This particular discussion
mainly revolves around significance of teachers in countries where there is low level of
literacy.
This article is a good source of information as various results or outcomes due to experiments
on contracts of teachers and this has an effect on changes due to large scale policies. This also
gives an evidence of relations due to pay as well as productivity and this has a great impact
on public.

3LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cvGzsZaHc2c
This particular You Tube video demonstrates the fact that school teachers in the country of
U.S. usually walk away from jobs as they demand for better form of resources as well as
good wages. There have been a serious strike by teachers who belong to Los Angeles and
also teachers from places like Denver or Virginia as well as in California they were protesting
against this unethical attitude towards them, the strike took place for six consecutive days.
Dissatisfaction regarding their wages is mostly based on economic standards and there have
been gaps in payment since the year 2017. Public teachers usually receive a payment of 19%
less than that of their peers.
This particular video is proven to be useful as it was successfully identified that budgets
associated with public schools were undergoing through processes of recession and this was
having an effect on payment of teachers. In addition there had been a decrease in public
investment over schools and this was having serious impacts on labour market. The matter
can only be solved if situations improve with the flow of income into building of school
infrastructure as well as education standards and this would sort out problems due to such
low wages.

4LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
Hanushek, E.A., &Rivkin, S.G. (2007). Pay, working conditions, and teacher quality. The
Future of children, 17 1, 69-86 .
This particular article states the facts that salary as well as working conditions of schools that
are having an impact on quality of instructions that are being provided, wages of teachers in
relation to that of professors who teach in colleges have fallen quite a significant level since
past 10 years. In addition, teachers at urban schools undergo through low level of working
conditions and this is further having an impact on education of pupils.
This source is very useful as characteristics associated with wages find very small transitions
that are quite detrimental for sources of learning. The extent to which number of variations
with respect to salaries and there will be varying amount of conditions associated with
working that would be able to bring transformational changes that would be brought within
the system of education. This type of changes would help to bring several modifications and
therefore it would determine various factors based on which recruitment shall be done in
processes that would easily lead to distribution of equal wages among teachers in schools or
colleges.

5LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
Hendricks, M. D. (2014). Does it pay to pay teachers more? Evidence from Texas. Journal of
Public Economics, 109, 50-63.
This particular article talks about various evidences associated with relationship that exist
between payment of teachers as well as their rate of turnover through detailed data as
obtained from Texas schools and colleges. This discussion revolves around the fact that there
had been gradual decline in wages since teachers who do not have many experiences in this
field, fail to put forward effective results. If schools can provide good quality of training
facilities to them then they can prove to be successful in their fields and this would also help
to improve provision of quality education to pupils and fewer rates of dropouts.
This particular article is relevant since it has put forward certain questions that usually make
a confrontation to certain education policies where there are facts mentioned regarding the
amounts that teachers must be paid as well as regarding framing a salary structure for them.
Through improvement of salary structure, it would be possible to attract large number of
people towards teaching profession, they would put in more efforts with own interest and
therefore help to efforts of learning. An increase in basic payment of teachers would help to
reduce their turnover from the job. Teachers who reach 19 years of age usually receive low
salaries and therefore this area shall be looked up on thoroughly.

6LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
Liang, G., & Akiba, M. (2015). Teacher evaluation, performance-related pay, and
constructivist instruction. Educational Policy, 29(2), 375-401.
This particular article takes into account various characteristics associated with evaluation of
teachers that was exactly utilized in order to determine performance- related pay (PRP) and
also to identify various associations that exist between PRP as well as improvement standards
associated with practices according to instructions put forward by constructivist. It was
successfully found out that teachers who were involved in teaching Mathematics in middle
schools in the city Missouri obtained PRP in the year 2009 that comprised of an amount
US$1,463. Through controlling certain background characteristics, it was found that there is a
positive relation between PRP with that of performance of teachers.
This article has been relevant as good values of PRP have positive impact on education of
students and this was identified through their performance in school test examinations. This
achievement of students has been totally credited to teachers whose instructions as well as
guidelines have helped them to score good grades. Through Performance based Evaluation
Programme (PBTE) almost 98% of majority of schools in Missouri have got good results in
terms of growth in performance.

7LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
Imberman, S. A., & Lovenheim, M. F. (2015). Incentive strength and teacher productivity:
Evidence from a group-based teacher incentive pay system. Review of Economics and
Statistics, 97(2), 364-386.
This particular article examines various impacts due to provision of incentives or bonus
payment to teachers on the achievements made by the students. In this discussion various
shares of pupils towards enrolment of subject grades in particular teaching sessions in order
to estimate strengths associated with incentives and as a result of this it has been found that as
shares of teachers towards providing good quality services increases, their probability of
receiving awards as well as extra remunerations also increase.
This article is relevant since payment of incentives have turned out to be policies that have
been undertaken by majority of schools in United States. This article also throws light on the
fact that depending on grades or standards pupils are studying, teachers will be paid
according to those standards they are taking part in teaching. They are mostly subjected to
group level incentives in order to increase their satisfaction towards job. If marginal costs
associated with efforts of teachers increase then various benefits due to those efforts actually
decrease and so in this regard it is necessary for a teacher to understand that to what extent he
or she must increase her efforts in order to earn good incentives.

8LOW PAY OF TEACHERS
Briggs, D., Turner, M., Bibilos, C., & Maul, A. (2014). The prospects of teacher pay for
performance. University of Colorado Boulder CADRE Working Paper, 1.
This particular article has abide by a theory on actions that mostly talk about pay for
performance (PFP) and it has been discussed from two different perspectives. One is premise
for motivation that would encourage the teachers to put in their best efforts in order to earn
performance incentives and another one is selection premise that suggest PFP theories facts
that such systems must appreciate teachers with high level of expertise so that they do not
leave their work at any cost. It has been understood that teachers usually undergo through
huge losses in their wages through consecutive years and as a result of this issue they do not
correctly able to sense PFP systems whether it is actually playing a role in incentivizing
behaviour on their part.
This article is relevant as it has been successfully find out that certain variations in earning of
incentives actually have an impact on efforts that are being expended by teachers. Through
strengthening of relationships that exist between earning of incentives as well as efforts, there
would be a lower probability on part of teachers for receiving less salaries and they would
find a great in contribution to learning of pupils.