Drug and Alcohol Abuse Intervention: Annotated Bibliography Analysis

This annotated bibliography examines the best practices in drug and alcohol abuse intervention, drawing on systematic reviews, primary evidence, and grey literature. The analysis explores research on adolescent substance abuse, focusing on school-based interventions and the impact of various programs. Key findings highlight the importance of early intervention, the effectiveness of medications like Baclofen, and the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy. The sources also discuss the limitations of research, such as the challenges in obtaining reliable data and the time-consuming nature of primary evidence collection. The bibliography emphasizes the importance of peer-reviewed sources and the application of evidence-based practices in treating substance use disorders. The challenges in selecting and identifying the best sources include ensuring reliable and accurate information, while the research highlights the effectiveness of interventions in reducing substance consumption and preventing addiction.

Professional Decision-making
Annotated bibliography

TABLE OF CONTENTS
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Best practice in a social work topic: Drug and Alcohol Abuse Intervention...............................3
Analysis of sources......................................................................................................................5
REFERENCE...................................................................................................................................7

MAIN BODY
RESOURCE 1: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Best practice in a social work topic: Drug and Alcohol Abuse Intervention
Source Pettersen, H. and et.al., 2019. How social relationships influence substance use disorder
recovery: a collaborative narrative study. Substance abuse: research and treatment. 13.
1178221819833379.
Method of research:
Drug and substance abuse put major impact on the individual, families and communities.
The method of the systematic review literature is qualitative in which the population is divided
into two categories i.e., adolescent (aged 11-19) and youth (aged 15-24) (Pettersen and et.al.,
2019).
Key Findings:
This is done in order to identify the result of the intervention for drugs and alcohol abuse
in adolescent and youth population. In this, the school-based surveys were conducted in order to
monitor the health-related behaviour among adolescent. The research identified 614 potentially
relevant reviews and result of the research is stated that only 46 review deemed eligible and
meeting the criteria. The result state that 20 systematic review (SR) are focusing on the
intervention for smoking use, 8 and 2 SR are focusing on the intervention for alcohol and drug
use. And another 16 SR are focusing on the intervention targeting combined substance use. In
this the findings of the school-based intervention based on some specific number of studies
and evaluated the impact of smoking intervention on school students and for preventing youth
from starting smoking and using drugs & alcohol. For this, another review conducted and
evaluated the impact of the following program in reducing and preventing the youth from
substance abuse. It is also evaluated from the research that the individual that receives effective
treatment get recovery from this disorder easily as compare to those that do not effectively
treated. The findings also state that around 1 to 10 peoples that have substance use disorder get
any type of special treatment from the family and hospitals. Otherwise, they are generally badly
treated by the society (Vayr and et.al., 2019).
Limitation of Source:
The limitation of this source is that in this all reviews did not provide adequate and
appropriate findings and result of all the included studies. In this, the reviews do not consider the

use of correct test method, the role of expected test design along with demographic of each
participants.
RESORUCE 2: PRIMARY EVIDENCE
Source 2 Agabio, R., & Leggio, L. 2018. Baclofen in the treatment of patients with alcohol use
disorder and other mental health disorders. Frontiers in psychiatry. 9. 464.
Method of research:
The method of the drug and alcohol use and abuse in the case of the primary evidence is
national surveys in which it is demonstrated the prevalence rates of drug, alcohol and other
substance abuse among adolescents and adults during the various period (Agabio & Leggio,
2018)
Key findings:
This research identified the public health problem arises by using the substance abuse
such as drugs and alcohol that contribute to mortality rates throughout the globe. The findings of
this intervention and prevention programs for adolescent substance abuse targets various
protective factors. This is done along with focusing on the various psychosocial theories that
supported the causes of drugs and alcohol abuse among adolescent. The national survey data of
the research stated that the prevention rate during the time period late 1970s and early 1980s was
on peaked which was declined during the late 1980s. The result of the survey also stated that
about 37% of the high school seniors uses more than one drug substance over the past year and
48% uses it over their lifetime. In 2008, the study finds out that the prevalence rate for alcohol
using among the high school seniors in the past year and over the lifetime is 67% and 73%
respectively. The findings evaluated that medications (Baclofen) are the best practice an
individual can adopt in order to prevent themselves from the substance disorder such as alcohol.
But on the other hand, it is also viewed that there are no approved medications are available to
prevent and cure the individual from use of serious substance disorder such as cocaine,
marijuana drugs etc (Agabio & Leggio, 2018).
Limitation of source:
One of the most crucial limitation of the primary evidence data such as interviews,
surveys etc. are time consuming because it involves various process such as preparation,
administration and analysation. Some of the primary source lack a critical distance because of
the too close to the study.

RESOURCE 3: GREY LITERATURE
Source 3 Barry, D. T. and et,al., 2019. An evaluation of the feasibility, acceptability, and
preliminary efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for opioid use disorder and chronic
pain. Drug and alcohol dependence. 194. 460-467.
Method of research:
As per the views the Silva & Silva (2020), method is adopted in order to conduct the
research from Grey-Literature source is by looking various conventionally published books
and journals. In this, the work is identified on the basis either unpublished books or books that
has been published but in non-commercial form.
Key findings:
As per the Ferreri and et.al. (2018), opinion the intervention and prevention process
involve the screening of all the individuals including adolescent and youngsters using the drugs
and alcohol substance. The intervention for drugs and alcohol use and abuse is effective for the
school and college students as they use it more than the other and this is their initial stage which
can easily get prevented. Barry and et,al. (2019), defines that the intervention is the best practices
that an individual adopts in order to identify the potential alcohol and drug problems along with
them. solutions. As per the review in 2007 a meta-analysis was conducted in which 22 trials were
identified to analyse the impact of intervention on the overall reduction in drinking of such
substance in Australia. In the year 2018, the updated meta-analysis also 34 studies which shows
the reduction in the consumption of alcohols and drugs substance in the individual attached with
the intervention as compared to non-intervention individuals. The evidences also indicates that in
order to support the care of substance disorder patients the family, doctors and government can
use the electronic technologies practices. This will help them in recording patient’s health record
and also improves the access and monitoring of supportive care. Another practices they adopt is
behavioural therapies in order to treat the substance use disorders patients.
Limitation of source:
Grey-Literature is the source of the research which is less exposure because it reduces the
publication bias by including the research from the unpublished and non-commercial books and
journal. It does not use the peer-review process that's why scientist do not trust on such
information’s.

Analysis of sources
The key challenges I face in selecting and identifying the best sources out of the various
sources is reliable and accurate information. For me trusting the information provided by the
sources is more crucial as it going to reflect my whole work. While preparing report from the
sources such as grey-literature, systematic review and primary evidence I faces the time-
consuming challenge in identifying the sources and then evaluating its quality and relevance. But
on the other hand, evidence-based enquiry and information help me in preparing my report based
on the facts and data's (Silva & Silva, 2020). I used to google and three sources for identifying
and analysing the impact of the drug and alcohol intervention on the adolescent and youngsters.
It also helps me in arranging the accurate and relevant evidence, data and facts which increase
the reliability of my report and information I provided regarding intervention and prevention.
With the help of percentage, I can easily evaluate that drug and alcohol intervention reduces the
consumption of such substance in the adolescent and other individual and also prevent them from
becoming drug addicted. I also evaluated that the peer-review sources are more beneficial and
better than the non-peer reviewed. It is also analysing that the information given in the university
books and journals are more reliable and relevant than the books offered by the trade publishers.
The evidence and sources help me in identifying that the methods and practices of treatment of
substance use disorders patients are same as for the treatment of chronic illness such as diabetes
etc.

REFERENCE
Books & Journals
Pettersen, H. and et.al., 2019. How social relationships influence substance use disorder
recovery: a collaborative narrative study. Substance abuse: research and treatment. 13.
1178221819833379.
Vayr, F. and et.al., 2019. Barriers to seeking help for physicians with substance use disorder: a
review. Drug and alcohol dependence. 199. 116-121.
Agabio, R., & Leggio, L. 2018. Baclofen in the treatment of patients with alcohol use disorder
and other mental health disorders. Frontiers in psychiatry. 9. 464.
Ferreri, F. and et.al., 2018. e-Addictology: an overview of new technologies for assessing and
intervening in addictive behaviors. Frontiers in psychiatry. 9. 51.
Barry, D. T. and et,al., 2019. An evaluation of the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary
efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for opioid use disorder and chronic pain. Drug and
alcohol dependence. 194. 460-467.
Silva, D. A. S., & Silva, C. F. D. 2020. Analysis of factors related to the H Index of CNPq
scientific productivity researchers in the field of Physical Education in Brazil. Motriz: Revista de
Educação Física. 26(3).
Online
Interventions for Adolescent Substance Abuse: An Overview of Systematic Reviews. 2021
[Online]. Available through:<
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X16301677>
EARLY INTERVENTION, TREATMENT, AND MANAGEMENT OF SUBSTANCE USE
DISORDERS. 2021 [Online]. Available through:<
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK424859/>
A Rapid Interim Review of the `Grey’ Literature on Drug Prevention in Young People Aged 11-
18 with a Special Emphasis on Vulnerable Groups. 2020 [Online]. Available through:<
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.513.8842&rep=rep1&type=pdf>