Business Intelligence Report on Apple Inc. - Foundations of Law 2019

This business intelligence report focuses on Apple Inc., a leading technology conglomerate, and its legal foundations. It covers aspects such as intellectual property rights, recruitment strategies, strategic partnerships, and organizational culture. The report highlights Apple's values, innovation, and commitment to employee development. Additionally, it includes a cover letter and curriculum vitae for a junior technology support manager position at Apple, showcasing skills in technology, networking, and system design. The report also touches upon the impact of technology on the justice system, including reducing costs, improving data quality, and increasing transparency in criminal justice.

Running head: FOUNDATIONS OF LAW 1
Foundations of Law
Student’s Name:
Institutional Affiliation:

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Business Intelligence Report
The selected firm or company is Apple Inc.
which is a leading technology and digital
device conglomerate in the United States.
Headquartered in Cupertino California,
Apple Inc. has offices across the world
including Asia, Africa, Europe, and South
America. Apple Inc. employs a total of
80,000 workers in the United States alone,
and as in 2018, the enterprise had a total of
123,000 full-time employees. It is recorded
that an estimated 1.8 billion products are
sold every year across the globe1. Due to its
rapid expansion and massive supply and
distribution chain, it relies on strategic
partnerships and alliances. For instance,
Apple partnered with the Accenture
Company to provide IOS business solutions
and it has since partnered with Amazon,
Cisco, Deloitte, General Electric GE, and
IBM. Although Apple does not have
barristers, it employs and leverages on
leading legal firms to offer a constant
evaluation of intellectual property rights. Its
legal services cover product right
protections, legal and property rights, and
infringement of copyright laws.
Apple Inc. recruits a total of 10,000
graduates every year. Its absorption and
recruitment program relies on college and
university placement and recommendation
programs, including academic events that
seek to identify and tap talent2. Apple
further utilizes its digital presence to identify
and attract candidates through well-
structured job campaign ads, email
newsletters, and ad placements. Most
importantly, landing pages are forming a
special approach for Apple’s recruitment
and hiring processes. Due to constant
pressure to remain innovative and seek a
significant market share, Apple has training
programs to empower and educate its
workforce on emerging trends. In this
1 Heller, S. E. 2002. A new friend for Pikachu. N.Y.: Scholastic Inc.

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realization, on-the-job training programs,
placement, benchmarking, and coaching are
utilized as the most appropriate training
channels. A close analysis at the retention
rate shows that a significant number of
employees are retained; an approximate
figure of 87%. This is particularly because
Apple Inc. offers attractive employment
opportunities; health insurance, training
programs, job security, handsome
compensations, and flexible work schedules.
It is crucial to establish that Apple
Inc. specializes in the design,
manufacturing, distribution, marketing, and
sales of digital and electronic devices. Its
product portfolio covers iPod, iPad, personal
computers, mobile devices, user interfaces,
business application programs, cloud, and
computing services. The diverse areas of
specialty enable Apple Inc. to target a large
pool of clientele, and in the presence earn
brand equity as a result of functional, high-
quality and premium devices. Apple values
reflect the standards, norms, practices, and
qualities that will help its workforce succeed
in their varied endeavors3. The company
believes in empathy for customers, a
positive contribution to the communities,
and society. The company is also committed
to improving individual performance
through sound compensation and training
programs. Innovation and creativity are at
the core of Apple's value chain, and as a
result, the company offers diverse resources
and builds a watertight environment that
supports constant innovation. Team spirit,
individual performance, rewards, and
recognition are other practices that are
strongly upheld in Apple’s organizational
culture.
Apple has a strong and positive
reputation and popularity. Most people
consider the company as a strong brand with
a strong market reputation and which
2 Lusted, Marcia Amidon. 2012. Apple: The Company and Its Visionary Founder, Steve
Jobs (Downloadable PDF). Minneapolis, MN: ABDO Digital.

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commands industry respect in the digital
devices and electronic industry. Most
importantly, Apple has a positive profile in
the design and development of personal
computers, most importantly the MacBook
PC devices. Another unique area of
specialty in the design of the iPhone series
of mobile devices. As the leading brand in
terms of quality, brand, and functionality,
the Apple devices are highly respected due
to security and privacy purposes with the
ability to protect consumer information
without infringements. Recently, the
company’s CEO Mr. Tim Cooks appeared
on the media demonstrating the significance
of skill building as part of interface design.
The CEO emphasized that highly
specialized skills are more required in the
design of crispy surfaces, unfortunately,
such skills are strongly lacking in the United
States.
Covering Letter
Apple Inc. Corporation
One Apple Park Way

FOUNDATIONS OF LAW 5
Cupertino, CA 95014
[phone]
25th March 2019.
Dear Hiring Manager,
This letter serves as my application for the position of a junior technology support manager at
Apple Inc. Company. Apple Inc. is a fast moving global provider of technology solutions with a
specialty in the design, development, manufacturing, and sales of mobile communication
devices, personal computers, technology devices, and media devices. As an outstanding
technology provider, Apple Inc. is poised at guiding the technology transformation process
particularly at a corporate and public level, through the development of pioneering technologies
in business intelligence, data analytics, big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. I
believe that the position of a junior technology manager will expose me to multiple changes in
the field of technology, and offer me some invaluable exposure to work with expert personnel
from different areas of specialty.
As a recent graduate in B.SC at the Pakistani University, I have wide exposure in business and
technology. As a technology major, I participated in multiple internships and I have worked with
both local and middle-sized enterprises in Pakistani. I also participated in benchmarking
programs with Intel Corporation, IBM, and local state institutions to help implement system
designs. At the college level, we helped implement a facial-detection system that was based
exclusively on machine learning algorithms. This technical accomplishment offered a better
3 O'Grady, Jason D. 2009. Apple Inc. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press.

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understanding of the system and network design, and I have since applied the principles of
computing and machine learning in system design and development. Personally, I believe that
Apple Inc. is a fast-changing company, with the potential to transform the business technology
landscape. In this realization, I believe that I will offer my technical skills and wide exposure to
transform multiple areas of management within the corporation.
Personally, I can describe myself as a person of great attention to detail. I am result-oriented and
I have a dynamic exposure working with teams and small groups. As a result of multiple
involvements of fieldwork, I have amassed research skills, and I believe that these skills can be
applied in multiple areas of management. These skills coupled with varied work experience,
academic exposure, internship, and employment prepare me to make a positive and a lasting
impact at Apple Inc. I will be willing to attend the interview and discuss more details about my
academic qualifications, work experiences, and competencies.
Sincerely,
Farooq Malik (signature for hard copy letter)
Irfan Farooq Malik
CURRICULUM VITAE Irfan Farooq Malik

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PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name: Irfan Farooq Malik
Nationality: Pakistani
Age:
Education: Pakistani University
Address:
Telephone:
Email:
BIODATA
I am an ambitious and self-motivated person
that strongly believes in his abilities. I am
currently through with my undergraduate
education in Bachelor of Science at the
Pakistani University. My University
education has given me invaluable exposure
to work under tight schedules and to meet
deadlines working in technology,
networking, cybersecurity, and systems
design. I look forward to developing more
skills and exposure as I build a career in a
professional workplace. My goal is to head
an organization in either the private or the
public sector and to become a business
leader. I also look forward to developing the
relevant professional technical skills to work
collaboratively with people from many
sectors. I am well-versed with working with
a range of software including PLC, Python,
and JavaScript. By working with Apple, I
will have the ability to interact with multiple
experts, and my skills and technical
experiences will leave a significant impact
on the company.
2014 – 2018: Pakistani University
Bachelor of Sciences [Business, Law, and
Technology]
2009 – 2012: Pakistani University
College
Professional and Technical
Capabilities
 I am a diligent, organized, and
highly professional person with a
work-related experience of over 4-
years in technology and related
fields. Well-versed with a range of
technology, AI, big data, and
analytics concepts, and their
application in setting actionable
outcomes and solving
organizational-wide goals.
 I have a good and an unparalleled
command in computing, system
design, implementation, and budget
development. I am able to network

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and associate with people from
different socio-ethnic backgrounds.
As a trained professional, I can work
cross-functionally across different
organizational levels in meeting key
deliverables.
 I strongly appreciate and respect
diversity owing to the fact that most
present organizations capture highly
diverse workforces including
Asians, Americans, Northern
Islanders, Hispanics, Whites, Asian-
Americans, Islam, Arabs, and
Indian-Americans. As a result, I
respect inclusion and view it as a
tool to achieve multiple
organizational goals. As a person
with the Pakistani decency, I can
easily navigate and associate with
people from different ethnical and
racial backgrounds.
 Due to the wide exposure to
technical and technology work, I
have developed strongly skills in
computing and network design.
 I have gained strong communication
skills and can utilize different
communication channels to convey
data and information to different
stakeholders.
 I can develop and implement social
media campaigns and other digital
marketing and outreach programs to
help bolster sales, boost brand
equity, and improve financial
returns.
 Most importantly, I consider myself
highly innovative in problem-
solving.
INTERESTS AND HOBBIES
1. Reading on diverse topics like business,
cyber security, politics, lifestyle, and
environment.
2. Participating in benchmarking programs
and on-the-job OTJ training to gather more
technical skills and build knowledge in
technology-related fields.
3. Interacting with multiple professionals,
technicians, and digital experts to better
understand the ever-changing business
landscape.
4. Analysis of magazines, journals, and
published articles to gain a broader
understanding of new technologies and their
application in business fronts.

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5. Evaluation and testing of new devices,
new systems, and networks to better
understand the flow of instruction between
computing components.
REFEREES
Legal Blog
The use and the Impact of Technology in the Justice Legal System
Technology has found a way into the criminal justice system but its use and impacts can
be evaluated based on three major lenses. First, reducing costs and time, secondly improving
data quality and integrity of the system and finally reducing racial disparities and increasing
transparency and accountability. Foremost, the application of detection algorithms like machine
learning helps with computer-generated risk scores that determine whether a particular detainee
should help pre-trial4. Facial recognition systems help to identify suspects with outstanding
warranties, and computers have the ability to crunch data faster and more accurately than the
human mind. Computers can easily process inputs and data about criminal history while
excluding their races and employment statuses5.
Enhanced approaches for electronic monitoring can easily substitute for incarceration.
And this means that unique methods for monitoring such as surveillance cameras, facial
4 Byrne, J. M., & Rebovich, D. J. (2007). The new technology of crime, law and social control.
Monsey, N.Y: Criminal Justice Press.
5 Bartschi, M. (2011). Foundations of business organizations for paralegals. Albany, NY:
West/Thomson Learning.

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detection applications, and audio recording systems can help monitor the movement of suspects
during the detention period6. Most importantly is that sensor technologies have emerged that
improve the quality of data and information about criminal activities. Audio recordings,
surveillance and facial detection outputs can further be electronically monitored and censored to
provide incriminating evidence7. A classic technology is the acoustic gun sensor that detects the
sound of the gunfire and triangulates the voice with a precise longitude and latitude that is
conveyed to a police station to facilitate easier access to a prime spot8. This technology will help
in the constant monitoring of terror activities and in the process provide better insight and
transparency of criminal behavior.
The criminal justice system faces a major challenge of unprocessed cases. This backlog
of cases creates an operational complexity making it hard to proceed with fresh cases and
litigations. New developments in big data facilitate the processing of information, and this
storage capability influences the manner in which judges and attorneys handle and process cases.
Big data provides business intelligence making it possible for enterprises, including law firms, to
determine the most search terms by consumers, and use this information to improve service
quality9. Given that computers have the potential to crunch data faster and accurately, these
capabilities can be tapped to record criminal information, criminal histories, and witness
information without racial and ethnic biases.
6 Pattavina, A. (2015). Information technology and the criminal justice system. Thousand
Oaks, Calif: Sage Pu Cameron. (2017). Foundations of business law and regulations. Place of
publication not identified: Dame Puns. Publications.
7
8 Scaletta, P. J., & Cameron, G. D. (2016). Foundations of business law. Plano, Tex: Business
Publications.
9 Cerrillo, M. A., Fabra, A. P., & InfoSci-Books. (2009). E-justice: Using information
communication technologies in the court system.

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It is important to note that cybercrime is proving as a significant challenge to the recent
technology transformations. Cybercrime activities range from stealing of credit card information,
to
the hacking of personal computers through shared networks. Phishing and malware attack also
represent other unique forms of cybercrime10. It is important to note that new developments in
networks detection, administrative systems, antiviruses, and algorithm detection software
represent technologies that can help the criminal justice system to combat cybercrime. This
analysis establishes the fact that although technology is facing by the challenge of cybercrime
, new technological provisions provide
unique capabilities to enhance the integrity
of the criminal justice system. As a result, it
is important that future research focuses on
how technology can be fully infused into the
criminal justice system to help identify,
monitor, and constantly track criminal
activities.
Communicating in the Workplace
Application Process and Reflective
Practice
The communication process is a six-
step strategic process that enables
individuals, groups, and organizations to
organize and communicate the message
clearly and effectively. It captures different
aspects of communication and prevents the
loss of information and reporting as part of
the communication process. Other than
maximizing the impact of the
communication, the communication cycle
reduces the time and improve the efficiency
10 Lazer, D. (2004). DNA and the criminal justice system: The technology of justice. Cambridge,
Mass: MIT Press.

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and the ease of communication11. The first
step of the communication cycle is the aim.
The aim covers the goals of the
communication including short and long-
term goals and impacts. After goal
articulation, the other step is encoding or
composing the message. The message can
be composed collaboratively by different
players to help with a clear articulation of
the communication plan, scope, approaches,
and methods12.
The third step of the communication
cycle is to deliver or to transmit. The way
information is conveyed and communicated
is important in ensuring that the message is
to communicate effectively and understood
clearly by the audiences. As a result,
conveyance channels may involve both
formal and informal approaches the most
common being memos, meetings,
conferences, reports, and strategic group
conventions13. As a result, leading
corporations including Apple Inc. utilize
formal channels of communication and I
believe that understanding the
communication cycle adds insight as part of
working for Apple Inc. The fourth step of
the communication cycle is receiving
feedback. Feedback from the audiences
should be collected and analyzed to
determine comprehension levels. Part of the
feedback is to clearly address any ethical
dilemmas, concerns, issues, and problems
reported by the audiences14.
11 Davies, R. (2010). The Communication cycle [video recording]. (1989). Leadership Institute at
Ripon College.
12 Mayer, D. (2012). Foundations of business law and the legal environment. Irvington,
NY: Flatworld Knowledge.
13 Gupta, S. (2013). Communication skills and functional grammar. New Delhi: University Science
Press/Laxmi Publications.
14 Gupta, S. (2013). Communication skills and functional grammar. New Delhi: University Science
Press/Laxmi Publications.

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The fifth step is to encode, learn and
decode. This step involves rectification to
outstanding errors and making critical
adjustments to improve the communication
process. Analyzing decoding and learning
also improves the transparency and
accountability of processes, and in the
process help communicators to identify
factors to omit [or include] in future
communication plans. The final step of the
communication cycle is to change or
improve. Critical structural adjustments
improve the communication process,
identifies major impediments, and in the
process help with better message encoding
and decoding by selected audiences. This
analysis reveals that a solid understanding of
the communication cycle will help advance
my practice at Apple Inc. and in the process
help achieve positive organizational
outcomes in terms of strategic management.
Oral and Written Forms of
Communication
The written form of communication
is easy and faster to understand and
interpret. This is because it features well-
known letters and phrases that are easily
identifiable by people regardless of their
ethnic or racial backgrounds. Perhaps the
biggest limitation with the verbal or oral
communication is misinterpretation
particularly by persons of the different
ethical and racial divide. This means that a
term that is understood by Americans as
offensive may not bear a similar weight to
Asians, Africa, or Islamic. As a result, a
major advantage of written communication

FOUNDATIONS OF LAW 14
is that it is devoid of misinterpretation and
provides better clarity and understanding15.
Differences in the Communication
Process
A one-on-one conversation or
communication enables easy exchange of
personal cues that facilitate communication.
Employees sharing similar values,
principles, and ideologies are likely to build
lasting links after one-on-one
communication16. On the other hand, group
interviews seek to address a relatively larger
number of participants or respondents. As a
result, it is important to utilize well-known
and widely acceptable terms and phrases to
avoid confusion and misinterpretations by
group members. This analysis establishes
the fact that one-on-one interviews are more
flexible to conduct due to the ease of
communication as opposed to group
interviews.
My Role as a Communicator
While working as an intern for a
local technology firm, I was tasked with
developing communication plans. This
involved identification of possible channels
of communication, outlining objectives,
articulating the communication scope, and
relevant stakeholders. This experience
cultivated cultural competency and enabled
me to apply the principles of cultural
awareness as part of multi-cultural
communication17. However, I believe that
this experience exposed the weaknesses and
limitations that I can address as part of
15 Jennings, M. (2013). Foundations of the legal environment of business. Mason, OH: South-
Western/Cengage Learning.
16 Moodian, M. A. (2008). Contemporary Leadership and Intercultural Competence:
Exploring the Cross-cultural Dynamics within Organizations. Thousand Oaks: SAGE
Publications.

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future communication at a corporate
setting18. First, there is a need to understand
what motivates particular actors as part of
the communication. Understanding key
influencers and motivators make it possible
to include terms, phases, and components
that enhance the effectiveness and efficiency
of the communication19.
Action Plan
This action plan defines steps and
approaches that will be undertaken in
improving my overall communication skills.
It encompasses steps and strategies and
discusses approaches that could help
improve other people's communication.
 Training programs and
benchmarking – Training programs
that focus exclusively on
communication will add insight into
the overall communication plan.
Personally, I believe that on-the-job
OTJ programs tailored to impart
communication skills and improve
knowledge in cross-cultural
communication are altogether crucial
for my future practice20.
 Understanding cultural needs and
racial biases – Racial biases
influence how people communicate
and understand situations. In this
17 Maude, B. (2016). Managing cross-cultural communication: Principles and practice.
18 White, M. D. (2009). Theoretical foundations of law and economics. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
19 In Gudykunst, W. B. (2013). Cross-cultural and intercultural communication. Thousand Oaks,
Calif: Sage Publications.
20 Lewis, R. D. (2012). Cross-cultural communication: A visual approach: [how different cultures:
use speech and communicate at meetings, listen to others, lead their subordinates, manage their
staff].

FOUNDATIONS OF LAW 16
realization, I believe that active
engagement with persons we share
completely different racial and ethnic
background will improve my
knowledge of cross-cultural
communication21.
Managing other people’s communication
will take a completely different approach.
Doing this will require two major action
steps.
 Provision of open channels of
communication – Provision of open
channels of communication such as
emails, newsletters, meetings,
conventions, and conferences will
open employees’ communication
efforts22. This means that employees
can be encouraged to tap into the
relevant sources as part of conveying
information to the management23.
 Internal controls that facilitate
information flows – Highly
bureaucratic organizations limit
communication and decision-making
processes to senior positions24. This
means that internal controls, policies,
and laws that guide communication
channels, and which define
appropriate models of
communication can be adapted to
improve communication.
21 Kutz, K. (2013). Barriers to cross cultural communication. Place of publication not identified:
Grin Verlag.
22 Cassiday, P. A., & Stringer, Donna M. (2009). 52 Activities for Improving Cross-Cultural
Communication. Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
23 Brislin, R. W. (2008). Working with cultural differences: Dealing effectively with diversity in the
workplace. Westport [etc.: Praeger.
24 Clyne, M. G. (2006). Inter-cultural communication at work: Cultural values in discourse. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.

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Bibliography
Bartschi, M. (2011). Foundations of business organizations for paralegals. Albany, NY:
West/Thomson Learning.
Brislin, R. W. (2018). Working with cultural differences: Dealing effectively with diversity in the
workplace. Westport [etc.: Praeger.
Byrne, J. M., & Rebovich, D. J. (2017). The new technology of crime, law and social control.
Monsey, N.Y: Criminal Justice Press.
Cameron. (2017). Foundations of business law and regulations. Place of publication not
identified: Dame Puns.
Cassiday, P. A., & Stringer, Donna M. (2009). 52 Activities for Improving Cross-Cultural
Communication. Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
Cerrillo, M. A., Fabra, A. P., & InfoSci-Books. (2009). E-justice: Using information
communication technologies in the court system.
Clyne, M. G. (2016). Inter-cultural communication at work: Cultural values in discourse.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kutz, K. (2013). Barriers to cross cultural communication. Place of publication not identified:
Grin Verlag.
Davies, R. (2010). The Communication cycle [video recording]. (1989). Leadership Institute at
Ripon College.
Gupta, S. (2013). Communication skills and functional grammar. New Delhi: University Science
Press/Laxmi Publications.
Heller, S. E. 2012. A new friend for Pikachu. N.Y.: Scholastic Inc.
In Gudykunst, W. B. (2013). Cross-cultural and intercultural communication. Thousand Oaks,
Calif: Sage Publications.
Jennings, M. (2013). Foundations of the legal environment of business. Mason, OH: South-
Western/Cengage Learning.
Lazer, D. (2014). DNA and the criminal justice system: The technology of justice. Cambridge,
Mass: MIT Press.

FOUNDATIONS OF LAW 18
Lewis, R. D. (2012). Cross-cultural communication: A visual approach: [how different cultures:
use speech and communicate at meetings, listen to others, lead their subordinates,
manage their staff].
Lusted, Marcia Amidon. 2012. Apple: The Company and Its Visionary Founder, Steve Jobs
(Downloadable PDF). Minneapolis, MN: ABDO Digital.
Maude, B. (2016). Managing cross-cultural communication: Principles and practice.
Mayer, D. (2012). Foundations of business law and the legal environment. Irvington, NY:
Flatworld Knowledge.
Moodian, M. A. (2018). Contemporary Leadership and Intercultural Competence: Exploring the
Cross-cultural Dynamics within Organizations. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
O'Grady, Jason D. 2009. Apple Inc. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press.
Pattavina, A. (2015). Information technology and the criminal justice system. Thousand Oaks,
Calif: Sage Publications.
Scaletta, P. J., & Cameron, G. D. (2016). Foundations of business law. Plano, Tex: Business
Publications.
White, M. D. (2009). Theoretical foundations of law and economics. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.