Annotated Bibliography: ACA and Public Health in the US

This annotated bibliography examines the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on various aspects of public health in the United States. The selected articles explore the ACA's effects on health insurance coverage, particularly through Medicaid expansion, and its influence on access to care for specific populations such as women and infants. The research also investigates the relationship between Medicaid expansion and infant mortality rates, revealing a significant reduction in expansion states. Furthermore, the bibliography includes an article that discusses the impact of Medicaid expansion on the opioid crisis, highlighting increased access to opioid analgesic medications. The studies use biostatistical methods to analyze the impact of healthcare reforms and policies on public health outcomes, providing insights into the complexities of healthcare access and the effectiveness of interventions.

Running head: APPLIED BIOSTATISTICS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
Applied Biostatistics Annotated Bibliography
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APPLIED BIOSTATISTICS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 2
Applied Biostatistics Annotated Bibliography
Annotated Bibliography
Courtemanche, C., Marton, J., Ukert, B., Yelowitz, A., & Zapata, D. (2017). Early impacts
of the Affordable Care Act on health insurance coverage in Medicaid expansion and
non‐expansion states. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 36(1), 178-210.
The primary focus of the article is role ACA has played in increasing health insurance
coverage. The overall results show that ACA’s Medicaid expansion increased the number of
insured people by 3.1 percent in 2014. Other components of ACA increase coverage by 2.8
percent. The results are essential to inform the comparison of the impact of Medicaid expansion
and non-expansion states.
Sobel, R. S. (2014). The elephant in the room: why some states are refusing to expand
Medicaid. Applied Economics Letters, 21(17), 1226-1229.
The article focused on the reason some states declined to expand ACA reforms. It was that the
state with Republic control at both chambers had higher expansion regardless of the cost. The
research also found that undecided states the probability of decision of their decision in the
future can be predicted based on their political side. The research is significant in contributing to
an opinion on various health care controversies and reforms.
Daw, J. R., & Sommers, B. D. (2019). The Affordable Care Act and Access to Care for
Reproductive-Aged and Pregnant Women in the United States, 2010–2016.
American journal of public health, 109(4), 565-571.
The article investigated how Medicaid expansion or non-expansion has impacted on
women. It was found that most women got access to insurance coverage in states that expanded
the program. The first phase of ACA implementation showed an adjusted 3.9 percent decline in

APPLIED BIOSTATISTICS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3
uninsured women while the second phase of research recorded a 7.4 percent decrease in
uninsured. The number of insured women increased with an increase in Medicaid coverage. The
research will inform the need for health care reforms.
Bhatt, C. B., & Beck-Sagué, C. M. (2018). Medicaid expansion and infant mortality in the
United States. American journal of public health, 108(4), 565-567.
The research investigated how ACA reforms has contributed reduction or increase in
infant mortality. Medicaid was found to have contributed to a significant reduction in infant
mortality in expansion states compared to non-expansion states. The national infant mortality
rates decreased by 11.9 percent. There was a decline in infant mortality in the African Americas
from 12.2 in 2010 to 10.7 in 2015. The decline was attributed to the expansion of Medicaid. The
research was critical in examining the shift in quality and excess to health care in the United
States.
Sharp, A., Jones, A., Sherwood, J., Kutsa, O., Honermann, B., & Millett, G. (2018). Impact
of Medicaid expansion on access to opioid analgesic medications and medication-
assisted treatment. American journal of public health, 108(5), 642-648.
The article focused to establish the impact of Medicaid expansion and Opioid crisis in the
United States. The research tried to connect enhanced health access to increased abuse of opioid
as a prescriptive drug. The article argues that health care reform has increased access to Opioid
analgesic medications. The research found that the rate of opioid prescription increased with the
expansion of Medicaid. The argument forms one of the controversies that need to be addressed
by the reforms.