Applied Communication: IPv6 Structure, Cables & OSI/TCP Model Layers

This assignment delves into various aspects of applied communication, starting with a detailed comparison of IPv6 and IPv4 addressing structures, highlighting the use of 128-bit addresses in hexadecimal format and the significance of prefix and interface identifiers. It further explores the di...Read More

Running Head: APPLIED COMMUNICTION 0
Applied Communication
Individual assignment
Student name

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Table of Contents
Solution 1:........................................................................................................................................2
Solution 2:........................................................................................................................................3
Solution 3:........................................................................................................................................3
Reflection Exercise:.........................................................................................................................4
References:......................................................................................................................................5

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Solution 1:
IPv6 address structure is different from IPv4 for different purposes, such as subnetting is no
longer applicable. It uses 128 bits for providing an address to a particular machine. It is mention
in hexadecimal number as an example 6e80:0:ab34:18ff:0:2400:60:5e4a and
2001:0ab8:65a3:0000:0000:4a6e:0786:0007. It uses sixteen-bit hexadecimal numbers because it
is easy process to convert hexadecimal to binary. IPv6 uses two logical parts for addressing for
different purpose as it use 64 bits for prefix and second 64bits are used for host’s interface.
Prefix is used for routing (Ali, 2012).
(Source: Oracle, 2018)
In interface’s 48 bit MAC address for big amount of the address. 16-bit values are inserted
after the MAC address (Oracle, 2018). This 64-bit address is autoconfigured, it is a host ID, and
it is known as Extended Unique Identifier (EUI). IPv6 have three types of address are:
 Unicast
 Multicast
 Anycast
Unicast and Multicast addresses are performing much like their IPv4 counterparts. It has few
exceptions. A device for single interface uses a unicast address. Unicast addresses have three
types. First is Link-local addresses, they are self-configuring, and it cannot be routed (Shui-zhen,
2011). Second is Unique local addresses, they are starting with fc or fd and it is preconfigured.
Third is Global addresses, they are accessible to all and it can be routed (casad, 2012). IPv6 also
has loopback address, which is : : 1. In IPv6, zero address is mention as : :. There is a global

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unicast address is reserved for use in books, which is 2001:db8: : /32. Tunneling is used for
managing packet transfer between IPv6 and IPv4. IPv6 use address prefixes for transitioning
from IPv4 to IPv6. IPv6 also provides subnetting, but due to big amount of addresses it has /48
prefix (Forouzan & Fegan, 2002).
Solution 2:
In 100 Base T networks category 3 and category-5 cables are used and In 1000 Base T
networks category-5 cable is used (Uchida, 2008).
Differences in both types of cables are following:
CAT-5 CAT-5 e
Use in 100 Base T 1000 Base T
Technology name Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet
Formal name 802.3u 802.3ab
Data transfer speed 100-Mbps 1000-Mbps
Material used in cable Copper UTP Copper UTP
Max Length 100 METERS 100 METERS
Design Maximum two hubs between
stations
Maximum one hub between
stations
Solution 3:
Layers of OSI and TCP/IP model:
OSI Model TCP/IP Model
Application Layer
Application LayerPresentation Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer Transport Layer
Network Layer Internet Layer
Data link Layer Network Access Layer
Physical Layer

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Reflection Exercise:
Part- a
From the previous modules, I learnt about many things of computer networks and
internetworking devices in depth. In starting part of this module, I learnt about basic tasks of
computer systems, such as input, processing, and output. In addition, I learnt about different
parts of computer system, such as RAM, ROM, processor, hard drive, BIOS, and Motherboard.
First step for networking is connecting different standalone system with the help of network
interface card (NIC). I also learnt about topologies, such as LAN, MAN, and WAN. Data is
transferred in the form of packets and frames. Different types of network on the basis of
connectivity, such as peer-to-peer, and client-server architecture. In the module, also describe
about hub and switches, which are usages for networking. I also learnt deeply about Ethernet
and different types of networks with different additional things are required for network, such as
cables. It also explains about use of proper networking devices in network with the suitable
cables and technologies, such as Token Ring and FDDI. Medium is so necessary for a network,
such as wired or wireless medium.
I also learnt about referencing model of network architecture that is TCP/IP model. It has
four layers for different purposes. Every layer has specific protocols for desired work, such as for
mailing use simple mail transport protocol. I also learnt about IP addressing, subnetting, and
IPv6.
Part - b
However, in this module, I understodd all the concepts of computer network, but I still have
some doubts in IPv4 and IPv6 tunnel. The IPv4 addresses are simple to configure and it can
usually be remembered by a user, but in the case of IPv6 address it is difficult to remember also
complicated by the user and the configuration. I want to know about the different parts of the

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IPv6 address in the details.
References:
Ali, A. (2012). Comparison study between IPV4 & IPV6. International Journal of Computer
Science Issues, 9(3), 314.
casad, J. (2012, January 18). How TCP/IP Works. Retrieved from informit:
http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1807488&seqNum=2
Forouzan, B., & Fegan, S. C. (2002). TCP/IP protocol suite (11 ed.). New Delhi: McGraw-Hill
Higher Education.
Ryu, K. S., & Kishk, A. (2009). UWB antenna with single or dual band-notches for lower
WLAN band and upper WLAN band. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 57(12), 3942-3950.
Shui-zhen, X. (2011). Study on Subnetting Methods. Information Security and Communications
Privacy, 9, 37.
Uchida, T. (2008). Hardware-based TCP processor for gigabit ethernet. IEEE Transactions on
Nuclear Science, 55(3), 1631-1637.