Analysis of AI's Impact in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, examining its capabilities, applications, benefits, and challenges. It explores the use of AI at King's College Hospital, detailing how AI improves patient care and hospital efficiency. The report discusses the benefits of AI, such as early disease detection, cost-efficient healthcare, and improved surgical outcomes, while also addressing barriers like cybersecurity concerns and trust issues. Furthermore, it analyzes the impact of AI on healthcare delivery, including enhanced data access, improved patient care, and the potential effects on healthcare employment. The report also delves into the ethical, social, and legal challenges presented by AI, offering a well-rounded perspective on the future of AI in the healthcare sector.

Principles of Health
Informatics
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
The capabilities of artificial intelligence and analyse the challenges and benefits of the
employment in health care......................................................................................................3
The capabilities of artificial intelligence................................................................................3
The applications of artificial intelligence in healthcare.........................................................4
Role played by artificial intelligence in improving delivery of quality patient at King college
hospital...................................................................................................................................4
Benefits of artificial intelligence in healthcare.......................................................................5
Barriers to adopting artificial intelligence in Healthcare.......................................................5
Analysis of the impact of artificial intelligence in healthcare delivery..................................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................8
Three challenges in artificial intelligence presents for patients and clinicians......................8
The ethical challenges of artificial intelligence in healthcare................................................8
The social challenges of artificial intelligence in healthcare..................................................9
The legal challenges of artificial intelligence in healthcare...................................................9
Evaluation of the challenges that artificial intelligence presents for patients and clinicians10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
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INTRODUCTION
The organisations are having different methods to reduce the cost and giving quality
products to the customers. The artificial intelligence has made the process better and reduced the
cost, giving good treatments and analysing the drugs in the organisations (Erdil, 2019). They are
helping the organisations in eliminating waste and reducing the cost. The artificial intelligence
will have high risk and they need to have initial cost that will help the organisation in having
quality products and the healthcare. This report include the report on Kings College hospital.
Which has a major trauma centre in Denmark hills. They have more than 95 beds. The report
includes the capabilities of artificial intelligence and its applications in healthcare, benefits of
artificial intelligence and Barriers to artificial intelligence in Healthcare, Analysis of the impact
in health care delivery and ethical, social and legal challenges of artificial intelligence in
healthcare.
TASK 1
The capabilities of artificial intelligence and analyse the challenges and benefits of the
employment in health care
The organisations are having different factors that are using artificial intelligence to
improve the performance (Ammenwerth and Rigby, 2016). They are helping the doctors in
decisions and helping them in increasing the quality of the products in the healthcare.
The capabilities of artificial intelligence
The artificial intelligence is helping the employees in the healthcare to work from the
technology to give the human factors from the performance of the organisation.
 It will improve the process- The organisation will have the better facilities that they will
give to the customers. The artificial intelligence is providing the help to the customers
and the organisation by giving facilities that are making the work easier and increasing
the treatment given to the patients. The organisation has to monitor the data about the
customers and which was time consuming and they were not have the smooth work. The
artificial intelligence has solves the problems by giving them data which is important for
them to analyse. It will help the organisation in improving the performance.
 Solves the problem- The work in the organisation is monitored by the people and it
becomes difficult to measure the quality of the performance. The healthcare wanted the
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tool that will help them in analysing the factors that are important for giving them good
products.
The applications of artificial intelligence in healthcare
The artificial intelligence is used on the organisation to improve the performance and
reduce the cost. In context of King college hospital, it is used in the healthcare to give good
treatment to customers, monitors the needs of customers and giving them drugs that will help
them in getting good quality products. The organisation will have the data of the customers and it
will help them in improving the healthcare treatments to the patients. The doctors will have the
important data of the people they are treating and they will reduce the risk to them and giving
them good performance. It will be easier for the doctors to have the analysis of the performance
and better facilities to the customers.
The artificial intelligence is reducing the issues the doctors and patients have and they are
reducing the cost of the organisation (Medlock and Wyatt, 2019). Focus is on the quality of the
products and the customers who are facing the problems. The doctors have to analyse the need of
customers and they have to give them the treatments which is focusing on giving good products.
The organisations are having many employees and they have the skills to give good products to
customers. They should be analysed to improve the performance. The organisation should focus
on the factors that will impact the performance and they should help them in giving good quality
products.
Role played by artificial intelligence in improving delivery of quality patient at King college
hospital.
Artificial intelligence is a promising tool that supports the healthcare administration. Due
to various studies it is shown that AI algorithms are capable of managing patient low. AI
applications are used for the improvement in efficiency in delivery of healthcare and address
previously uncontrollable health trouble. Artificial intelligence was used to assist problem
solving related to medicine. In context with King college hospital NHS foundation trust, they
uses AI approaches in very effective manner. In AI they started new techniques and tools like
machine learning, artificial neural networks for decision making. Artificial intelligence include
the methods of analysing,. Processing, acquiring and understanding of images. Using computes
is not a new idea but creating a direct interferences between technology and mind of human is a
cutting edge area of researcher. It is consider as the significant application for some patients. At
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King college hospital, they make use of brain computers interfaces that could directly improve
quality of life for patients. AI also enable the next generation of radiology tools which are
detailed and accurate to replace the need of tissue sample in some of the cases.
Benefits of artificial intelligence in healthcare
There are ample number of benefits of artificial intelligence in relation with King college
hospital. Some of these are discussed underneath:
 AI algorithm helps in early detection of diseases by spotting risks in patient. Database of
AI consist of lot of symptoms and diagnosis which helps in accurately predicting
potential risks.
 It creates cost-efficient healthcare system by providing easier access to healthcare
facilities, as AI based medical diagnosis apps are easily available.
 AI algorithms saves time and alleviate efforts of healthcare professionals in examining
and diagnosing patient. As AI can identify certain biomarkers that can find illness in
patient-reported. AI algorithms helps in reducing time taken to identify these biomarkers
as it take more time to find it by lab work.
 Healthcare industry receives a lot of data in the form of diseases, diagnosis, risks
associated with patients. AI can process this data from multiple sources and provide
predictive analysis which can be used to benefit healthcare industry.
 AI is useful in conducting surgeries as it combines with robotics which helps in
conducting complex and small operations. It also helps healthcare professionals to gather
useful information about patient medical condition. During surgery AI determines
patterns which helps in performing operations and it can also diagnose patients with the
help of clinical data like X-rays or medical imaging.
 AI algorithms also helps in drug discovery as it helps in interpreting clinical data quickly
and predict how a drug may interact in body.
Barriers to adopting artificial intelligence in Healthcare
There are several barriers which can be faced by King college hospital. These are
discussed below:
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 Cybersecurity - Healthcare industry consist of loads of critical patient information that
can be hacked or accessed by cyberattacks, so use of AI can be a threat if not handled
with care. Privacy of healthcare industry data must be ensured that it is safe to use for AI
operations.
 Trust Issues – Doctors can't completely trust AI to make decisions, as it has to diagnose
patients symptom that patient is facing in a diseased condition. Patient want doctor to be
present at the time of diagnosis of disease as some patients are illiterate who will not be
able to understand and trust fully AI operated medical equipments to make decisions on
health. In relation with King college hospital they doctors needs to first check on the
technologies then use it on the patients so that patient could not face any thing afterwards.
 Data Integrity – If there is lack of structured health data it may affect decisions made by
AI as it needs to diagnose diseases and spot risks associated with it. Sometimes health
records are hand written, so there may be some discrepancies in data if that data is
digitalised.
Analysis of the impact of artificial intelligence in healthcare delivery
Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine learning is among the trending technology
worldwide. Also uses of Artificial intelligence and machine learning gaining high recognition in
healthcare and services in last 2-3 years (Scott and et. al., 2017). Following can be impact of
healthcare of Artificial intelligence and machine learning on healthcare delivery and services.
 Enhancing access to data and communication to patients: Artificial intelligence and
machine learning can play a vital role in improvising healthcare and patients interaction.
Using AI, hospital can provide virtual nursing facilities to their patients which will help
patients to utilise nursing facility at the comfort of patients need and necessity. That
virtual nursing can help to assist patient and their family in daily maintenance of diet,
medication and other necessary needs of patient. It can also help patient in case of any
emergency and hence can boost the efficiency and effectiveness of services provided by
healthcare to their patience. This technology can also help to analyse X-ray's and also can
provide recommendation related to diagnosis. Yet these technologies should be work in
co-occurrence with clinics so that they can provide accurate result (Hübner and et. al.,
2019).
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 Improving patient care: Early detection of disease with high rate of diagnosis can play a
vital role in improving health care se0rvices. Artificial intelligence can also help in
booting sharp eyes of professional and doctors in comparison to traditional method and
this can help in reducing workload from these professionals. Rather than replacing
professionals we can use them in supporting them because if everything is being replaced
by artificial intelligence then there will be no scope for working individuals to earn
livelihood (Magnuson and Dixon, 2020). For example, using artificial intelligence and
machine learning a person can have early check on diseases like cancer, diabetes,
tuberculosis and other chronic and life threatening disease by analysing an updated
personal health report. Early predictions of such diseases can also increase the chances of
completely or at-least partially treating that particular disease.
 Analysing health through wearable and personal devices: AI can also impactful when
used on personal devices as it will easy to use, linkable to clinics and if worked
effectively can provide and good and fast result in decreasing heath uncertainties
worldwide (Al-Ramahi, Liu and El-Gayar, 2017).
 AI development can also effect on employment in healthcare services: With the
increase use of artificial intelligence will definitely impact on the employment of junior
nurses and secondary health workers. As there will be no need for lower level health
workers and all those health sector employees who have little knowledge and can be
easily replaceable. Because they are easily replaceable hospitals will invest more on
artificial intelligence because they are more effective in comparison to human force need
less training and can easily work for long hours with more accurate results (Wyatt, 2019).
 Increase contact of patient with artificial intelligence and machine learning may
impact their health negatively: As patience are already dealing with chronic disease
because of which their immune system will be weak in comparison to normal human
being and in such vulnerable state if they come into contact of artificial intelligence
technology on regular basis, it might affect their health badly aggravating and worsening
current condition of patient (Harris and et. al., 2018) (Liebler and McConnell, 2020).
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TASK 2
Three challenges in artificial intelligence presents for patients and clinicians
The King college hospital is having Artificial intelligence to improve their processes and
reducing the risk and cost. They are helping the people in the rural areas to get the healthcare
facilities and giving better processes to customers. The use of technology in the organisation will
help in reducing the methods that will help in analysing the factors that are important for giving
good products.
The ethical challenges of artificial intelligence in healthcare
 There is always the ethical dilemma that is there between healthcare and health education
and they are analysing the performance (Flaherty, Hoffman-Goetz and Arocha, 2015).
The ethical issues with the patients in healthcare is that they are having the data and they
are making the policies according to the customers. The organisation in healthcare have
the confidential data and they can misuse it to manipulate them to improve the
performance. The artificial intelligence will help the King college hospital NHS
Foundation Trust in hiding the factors that will benefits them to reduce the risks. They
will help the doctors in manipulating the patients and giving them drugs that will increase
the profits of the organisation. The artificial intelligence is the tool that is used as a
ethical challenge when not used to help the patients. They are helping the organisations
in improving the performance.
 The organisation is using artificial intelligence that is making the minority at focus
because they will have the data of the people and they will charge different prices from
the customers. They will help in policy making and giving work to the doctors but they
are able to misuse them for giving different treatments to different people. The customers
will get the biased treatments and they are misguided in the organisation. The processes
used by the organisations are not transparent and they will get the output according to the
data given and it is processes and artificial intelligence. They are used by the functions of
the hospitals and they are can manipulate the cure, prevention, cure and treatment of
diseases.
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The social challenges of artificial intelligence in healthcare
 The social challenge is the situation where what is good for one is not good for the others
and this is make the person in social dilemma. The artificial intelligence in the
organisation will focus on the favours given to the organisation or to the others. The
human barriers in the artificial intelligence will affect the performance of the
organisation. They are focusing on the human capabilities and the methods used to give
good products. The artificial intelligence has always affected the methods used by the
organisation to improve the performance. The organisations are having many employees
and they are working to give good products. They are helping the organisation in
improving the recall rate which will be focused on the data of the patients and with a
click they can assess which will improve the performance (Nazi and et.al., 2016).
 The social challenge of artificial intelligence is that they will affect the quality of the care
and they are focused on the performance of the organisation. The ever increasing use of
artificial intelligence will have the impact on the bio medical methods used by the
organisation (Adler-Milstein, 2019). The healthcare is having many social issues with the
doctors and the patients. The social issues are including the issues related to the culture of
the patients and the methods used by the organisations to give the treatments to the
customers.
The legal challenges of artificial intelligence in healthcare
 The legal challenges in the artificial intelligence in the health care is that they should be
effective and safe and having transparent policies in the organisation. The artificial
intelligence includes fairness and biasses, data protection and privacy and the laws used
by the organisation. There are different laws that the organisation is having which is
related to the protection of the patients. They are having legal challenges that will have an
impact on the performance of the organisation.
 The organisation should analyse the legal factors that can impact the performance of the
employees. The patients in the organisation should not be in the legal challenges and they
should make the process faster but artificial intelligence in biased and they are affecting
the legal factors of the customers.
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Evaluation of the challenges that artificial intelligence presents for patients and clinicians
The organisations are having the analysis of the artificial intelligence and they are solving
the problems of the patients. They are used by the organisations for focusing on the factors that
are important and they will help them in giving good products to the customers. The
organisations are using artificial intelligence because of improving the methods used and they
will help them in increasing the customers.
The organisations will have to analyse the performance which will help the in improving
the quality of the products. They are having challenges which are affecting the performance of
the organisation. The employees should helps the organisation in giving good products and
increasing the methods that are important (Harman and Cornelius, 2015). They are focusing on
the need of customers and helps them in getting good treatments in the organisation. The
organisation should analyse the performance that is important.
CONCLUSION
According to the above report it can be concluded that Artificial intelligence can be
highly useful and effective in solving healthcare services related problem. It can easily and
accurately predict and early detect chronic diseases and in long term it can also help to reduce
time and cost on diagnosis of these diseases with a good accuracy rate. It will also help in patient
and any particular individual health check and maintenance of their health. Artificial intelligence
can also help professionals and doctors by giving them another eye and leaving no rooms of
mistakes. But anything has good also have bad side too. High rate of use of artificial intelligence
will increase chances of patients coming into contact with them regularly aggravating their
current conditions, also it can affect negatively to job security of lor level health workers and
might replace them in long term.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Erdil, D.C., 2019. A comparison of health informatics education in the USA. International
Journal of Intelligent Engineering Informatics. 7(4). pp.366-383.
Ammenwerth, E. and Rigby, M. eds., 2016. Evidence-based health informatics: Promoting
safety and efficiency through scientific methods and ethical policy (Vol. 222). IOS
press.
Medlock, S. and Wyatt, J.C., 2019. Health behaviour theory in health informatics: support for
positive change. Stud Health Technol Inform. 263. pp.146-158.
Flaherty, D., Hoffman-Goetz, L. and Arocha, J.F., 2015. What is consumer health informatics?
A systematic review of published definitions. Informatics for Health and Social Care.
40(2). pp.91-112.
Nazi, K.M. and et.al., 2016. Consumer health informatics: engaging and empowering patients
and families. In Clinical informatics study guide (pp. 459-500). Springer, Cham.
Adler-Milstein, J., 2019. Health informatics and health services research: reflections on their
convergence.
Harman, L.B. and Cornelius, F. eds., 2015. Ethical health informatics: Challenges and
opportunities. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Scott, P. J. and et. al., 2017. Evaluation Considerations for Secondary Uses of Clinical Data:
Principles for an Evidence-based Approach to Policy and Implementation of
Secondary Analysis: A Position Paper from the IMIA Technology Assessment &
Quality Development in Health Informatics Working Group. Yearbook of medical
informatics, 26(1), p.59.
Hübner, U. and et. al., 2019. Towards the tiger international framework for recommendations of
core competencies in health informatics 2.0: extending the scope and the roles.
Magnuson, J. A. and Dixon, B. E., 2020. Public Health Informatics: An Introduction. In Public
Health Informatics and Information Systems (pp. 3-16). Springer, Cham.
Wyatt, J. C., 2019. The need for theory to inform clinical information systems and
professionalise the health informatics discipline. Stud Health Technol Inform, 263,
pp.1-8.
Al-Ramahi, M. A., Liu, J. and El-Gayar, O. F., 2017. Discovering design principles for health
behavioral change support systems: A text mining approach. ACM Transactions on
Management Information Systems (TMIS), 8(2-3), pp.1-24.
Harris, S. and et. al., 2018. Critical Care Health Informatics Collaborative (CCHIC): Data, tools
and methods for reproducible research: A multi-centre UK intensive care
database. International journal of medical informatics, 112, pp.82-89.
Liebler, J. G. and McConnell, C. R., 2020. Management principles for health professionals.
Jones & Bartlett Learning.
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