Artificial Intelligence and Robotics: Future of Work Report (2019)

This report examines the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics on society and various professions, particularly nursing, chef/cooking, and accounting. The introduction discusses the overarching technological changes in workplaces, emphasizing AI's role in automating tasks, changing job roles, and its potential benefits and challenges. The report delves into the future of these three occupations, providing historical demographic data from 1970 to the present, and projecting their evolution up to 2060. The analysis considers factors such as technological advancements, automation, and the changing demands of the job market, highlighting the potential for job displacement, skill requirements, and the need for adaptation. The report concludes by assessing whether society will be better or worse off, considering the broader implications of AI and robotics on employment, economic development, and overall societal well-being.

Running head Artificial Intelligence 0
Artificial Intelligence and robotics

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Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................1
Nurse...........................................................................................................................................4
Chef.............................................................................................................................................6
Accountant..................................................................................................................................7
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................9
Reference..................................................................................................................................10

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Introduction
Technological changes are taking place in workplaces where the new technology is affecting
the employees as well as the HRM. The way HR department is contacting employees,
storing files and analyzing the performance of the employee all the things are done through
the system. Change in technology in the workplace is really affecting the jobs of employees
and management.
Artificial Intelligence is when the machine works like the human intelligence process. In this,
the learning, reasoning, and self-correction will be done by the system itself. When the
systems have the ability to solve the problems and to act and think like the human mind. Now
the workplaces are changing and in the future there will be many challenges and
opportunities for both the management and the employees (Warwick, 2013). Technologies
are transforming the lives of individuals in many positive and negative ways.
The benefits of the artificial intelligence are how it helps in maintaining the mechanism control
and oversight the humans. Artificial intelligence and robotics have an ability to learn and make
the decisions. Innovative technology will help in opening new opportunities for individuals and
organizations. It will create new jobs in place of old jobs but the skills and creativity will be
required to work effectively. The use of intelligent software help in decreasing the time
required for doing the work or providing the service and also the cost will be decreased. The
dangerous work will be done by machines and robots and human beings can be used for
other work. It also helps in the growth of prosperity. Technology will help in integrating the old
employees and employers with the work which is less dangerous. Employees will be shifted
to the supervision department where they can participate in supervising the work as a better
time will be utilized (Müller & Bostrom, 2016). They can perform and help in developing
innovative services. It is believed that artificial intelligence will lead to an increase in the
competitive advantages and technology will also help in increasing productivity in the
companies.
Also, the development of the robotics of the new generation and artificial intelligence are
affecting the economic development as it leads in decreasing the jobs and the pattern of
employment and also affecting the societies in a different manner (Siau & Wang, 2017). The
impact of the technology will affect both the blue color and white-collar sector as the change

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in technology will lead to replacing the employees by the intelligence of systems. The jobs will
be performed by the software in the future which requires more skilled employees. All the
individual jobs will disappear totally and will bring new jobs in the market. The impact of
artificial intelligence on society is taking place and changing the environment as more and
more companies are influenced by the AI (Trappl., 1986).
Artificial intelligence has changed the society in the last 40-50 years because of the new
technologies and the innovation. The artificial intelligence and the robotic generation has
improved and affected the workplaces and the everyday life of the individuals. Now the
humans are dependent on the artificial intelligence for gathering the information and doing the
work in less time. Overall the society will be better as it helps an individual in growing and
enhancing the skills and they will find better workplaces (Pannu, 2015).

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Nurse
In the healthcare industry, advancement in technology has changed the structure drastically.
In this sector, technology change may lead to replacing the nursing staff in hospitals and
clinics in some cases but will not be able to take place of the nurses who help the doctors
during the operation. As the advanced technology helped the nurses to perform their jobs
more efficiently and safely while taking care of patients. Nursing practice includes the process
of assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation as it helps nurses in performing the
care and accomplishing the nursing tasks. In this occupation, AI in health care will help in
performing the job effectively (Pepito & Locsin, 2019). Nursing is not exactly as it was in 1970.
In 1970, nurses were not trained as they are today because of the technology advancement.
During the 1970s, nursing was not the profession and the theoretical component was more
than the practicing. Nurses have to perform all the tasks on their own. Practicing and
education has been changed of the nurses. Now it has grown and came as the profession
after the Australian government took the initiative to support and expand the nursing
practices. (Jiang, Wang, & Shen., 2017). Today new technology "Watson Health" which is
based on artificial intelligence (AI) will help in diagnosing the various types of illness by
analyzing the data of the patient with their knowledge of medicine which is collected in a
cloud.
Nursing occupation will rise and improve more in 2060 as compare to today with advanced
technology. In 2060, operating robotic-assisted surgery will be done with the help of
technology advancement and replace the surgeons and the nurses. Automated dispensing
robots may take away the responsibilities of the nurses in administration as artificial
intelligence would enable the machines to make the serious decision in health care and also
they will coordinate with patient care, as the nurses are facing challenges because of the
integration of new technologies in their practice (Nilsson, 2014). Till 2060 advanced
technology will help in transcending the implementation and perform an action to achieve the
outcome.
In future, nurses will remain relevant when the advanced technology will grow, nurses can
learn more about the healthcare technologies, how the technology will work with the
intelligence and they can search the ways to move the technologies to perform the tasks
which were performed by nurses daily. Artificial intelligence will help nurses in improving the

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organization of patient’s ways and the patient’s treatment plans and AI will also help in
providing the relevant information to the physicians and nurses to make the correct decisions.
In nursing, AI helps in operating and crafting the plans for treatment to the assistance of jobs
that are done on a regular basis. It also helps in managing the medications and also in the
drugs creations (Marshall & Hanson, 2001).
Nurses cannot be replaced with the robots, they will incorporate the robots in our practice but
robots will not able to replace the humans. Robots can only prove the care to the patient but
would not be able to treat them. In 2060, nurses would become delegators where they give
care to patients and coordinate with the others and also ensure to deliver the appropriate care
to patients. When the technology is advanced it will help in taking care of the routine tasks so
that the more time will be devoted by nurses to interact with the patient.

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Chef
As we all know technology is changing the way of cooking food. The new innovation and the
equipment used for cooking will help the chefs also while cooking the food. The jobs of chefs
are very important nowadays as compare to 1970s because now people prefer to go to
restaurants more than earlier. Now different society has their own taste and preference in
deciding the food and the trend of restaurants are increasing day by day. Now the advanced
technology of preparing the food helps the chef to prepare the food quickly and tasty. Earlier
the food was prepared without any advanced equipment’s and work was done manually in
more time. As compare to now there were fewer chefs in 1970 because people use to cook
food on their own and not prefer to go out for eating food. Slowly the trend has changed and
people perception has changed towards the food and taste. The development of artificial
intelligence helps the chef's life while preparing food with the innovative equipment's and the
technology helps to get the food prepared in less time. Technology advancements in
hospitality are increasing day by day. New kitchen technologies will empower the chefs to
create more innovative dishes in the environment where the variable can be controlled. Chefs
will use their skills with the well-equipped new techniques (Stern, Henderson, & Cockburn,
2018). The new technology allows chefs to monitor the equipment's from their mobile phones
also. Now the technology has come to the kitchen which helps the chefs in determining how
much to cook when to change the temperature.
In 2060, Chefs will be able to grow more with the technology of artificial intelligence as they
will get the help of preparing food in less time and they can innovate and bring their
innovation in the market with the technology. Because of technology change in future the
chef’s job may increase or will not affect much in the market.
The automation in the area of food preparation to provide the best service to the customers
as it is important in today's world to build the image in the market. It is not possible with the
food cooked by the robotic chef’s as they will not be able to analyze the preference of the
customer in food. Technology will help the chefs to grow in the future and there will not be
any decline in the jobs of the chefs.

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Accountant
Technology plays an important role in dealing with the financial terms of the organization. It
will help in maintaining the data and information of the accounting as many accounting firms
are using the Artificial intelligence because it helps in analyzing the huge volume of data with
a high speed as it is not easy for employees to perform. Every organization is implementing
the technologies to grow their business operations. AI will help in handling the data and
processing it automatically for completing the tasks. The various accounting jobs which can
be performed by the machines are to close the monthly and quarterly procedure. AI will
provide the data from the sources consolidate and merge it as it will lead to process accurate
data because the machines are involved (Wisskirchen, Muntz, & Soler, 2017).
In 1970, accounting jobs were done through human resources; all the transactions were done
by humans. Transactions were recorded manually and keeping the books manually and time
taken to complete the work was more than today. Now the trend has been changed because
of technology is the transaction is recorded by humans in the system and further processing
is done by the systems through the various software’s. In 2060, AI will lead to growing more
jobs than it will replace because companies will always require the accountant to analyze and
implement the AI data. It will transform the duties which are performed by the accountant.
Accountants will be able to improve their services as they will not focus on repetitive tasks.
They have to learn how to maximize the use of technology. Technology will help in real-time
data and accuracy will be high because advanced technology is very effective in detecting the
fraud data which will help the accountant to provide the protection on their work and to clients
also (Russell & Norvig, 2016).
In 2060, there will be no bookkeeper in future as it will be done automatically without any
human resource. The data entry operator jobs will disappear as the system will do it itself
without any employees. The transactions will be automated of the accounts receivables (AR),
travel expenses, accounts payables (AP), general ledger’s (GL), financial reporting also will
be done through automation.
In 2060, the accounting department will be leftover with few employees who will focus on the
strategies and the value-adding initiatives which will be improving the process, controlling the
cost and optimization of capital will be done by the employees. Change in the technology will

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impact the jobs of the accountant as it may reduce the work pressure of doing the job
manually but also decrease the jobs in the market for the accountant as the less manpower
will be required in the accounting department.
AI will transform not replace the accountants in the future. Accountants will be able to use
their training and experience to provide the customer will real and effective business
solutions, whether they are tax consultants. Accountants can create a profitable career in the
future with perfect skills and training.

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Conclusion
In order to conclude the report, the impact of advanced technology changing the working
conditions of the employees and the HRM. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) and
robots are helping the employees and HRM in performing their tasks. Society are accepting
the technology change and learning advanced technology to adopt the same in daily life.
Artificial intelligence is growing and affecting the various occupations in positive as well as in
negative ways but the positive aspects are more than the negative impact.
Technology will help the employees to improve the way of doing jobs. It helps in simplifying
the job's functions, helps in strengthening the performance and also improves satisfaction
while doing the job. The leaders and managers will be helped by the technology in the
organization because it will bring more accurate work. It is concluded that Artificial Intelligence
or new generation robotics will replace the tasks not the jobs of the employees. AI will do the
tasks which are done on a regular basis and the humans will spend more time on the high-
level tasks (Bahrin, Othman, & Talib, 2016).
Machine technology will only help in transforming the jobs in the economy but the full
automation will be less important than the reorganization of the tasks. Employees will get
more opportunities with the new learning the performing the jobs. It also helps in doing the
difficult task easily without wasting much time. It enhances the workplaces and by improving
productivity it will help in developing the economy of the country. AI has already developed in
various sectors like finance, transportation and defense industries. AI is adopted by startups
and also the enterprises are adopting it slowly. It helps the HR department to find the right
candidate through the information to fill the vacant job quickly. Managers will save time,
money and they can keep and attract more customers with new technology (Burke & Ng,
2006).
AI contributes to every business in many ways to achieve success as it helps in
understanding the customers better and response will be given faster to their needs. In the
future, there will be more opportunities than challenges for the employees and for business
also. It will not replace humans with the machine but will create a combination of Artificial
intelligence (AI) and humans that will bring more benefits to the working world. Humans will
work more and increase their efficiency in working with AI.

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