This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Australian Auditing Standard (ASA) 701, focusing on Key Audit Matters (KAMs) within the Australian banking industry. The report begins with an executive summary of the standard and its objectives, emphasizing the importance of auditor reporting as developed by the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board. It then delves into the rationale behind ASA 701, which arose in response to the global financial crisis and calls for greater transparency from investors. The report discusses the definition of KAMs and their significance in financial statements, highlighting the standard's impact on auditor responsibilities, risk assessment, and the inclusion of KAMs in audit reports. The analysis section provides a detailed examination of KAMs for several major Australian banks, including Commonwealth Bank, ANZ, NAB, Westpac, Bank of Queensland, and Macquarie Bank. For each bank, the report outlines the specific KAMs identified by auditors, such as loan impairment provisions, valuation of financial instruments, and conduct risk. The report also references the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy to emphasize the importance of identifying and addressing financial risks. The report's conclusion summarizes the findings and offers recommendations for stakeholders.