Analyzing Inclusion, Diversity, and Gender Pay Gap for ASDA Employees

This research report investigates the impact of inclusion, diversity, and the gender pay gap on employee performance at ASDA, a British supermarket retailer. The study examines the concepts of inclusion, diversity, and gender pay gaps, analyzing their influence on ASDA's workforce. The research employs a quantitative approach, using questionnaires administered to ASDA managers to gather primary data, complemented by secondary data from literature reviews. The report explores the positive impacts of inclusion and diversity, such as lower turnover and higher productivity, while also addressing the negative effects of gender pay gaps, including reduced morale. The research aims to identify strategies that ASDA can adopt to align with inclusion, diversity, and gender pay gap practices, including constant communication, forming an inclusion council, and providing mentorship programs. The findings are analyzed through frequency tables and content analysis, providing insights into the relationships between pay gaps, performance, and gender equality within the company. The research also includes recommendations for promoting equality and diversity at the workplace.

Research Project

Table of Contents
Title .................................................................................................................................................3
1). Introduction................................................................................................................................3
2). Literature review.........................................................................................................................5
3). Research methodology...............................................................................................................7
4). Data analysis and interpretations..............................................................................................12
5). Research Outcomes..................................................................................................................23
6). Reflection & recommendation for alternative research methodology......................................24
7). Conclusion................................................................................................................................25
8). Recommendations....................................................................................................................25
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................28

1). Introduction
Inclusion introduces as an attainment of a work atmosphere in which each and every
employees are treated respectfully and fairly, have equal access to resources and chances, and
can bring fully to the business's success. Diversity means having a diverse range of people with
different ethnic, racial, cultural background, interests, experience etc. Gender pay gap is an
effective practice that introduces difference within average gross earnings between men and
women (Cachat‐Rosset, Carillo and Klarsfeld, 2019). These are consider main practices at
workplace that have positive and negative impact over employee's performance of company. For
this project ASDA store is a chosen British supermarket retailer that was founded in 1949 by the
Peter and Fred Asquith. Company was headquartered in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. Along
with this, at workplace of ASDA store all three practices are present that have impact on
employee's performance in different manner. Inclusion and Diversity in the workplace cause all
workers to feel accepted as well as more valued.
Research aim
To identify the impact of inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap over performance of
employees: A case on ASDA store.
Research Objectives
 To examine a basic understanding about the concept of inclusion, diversity and gender
pay gap in context of an organisation.
 To determine the influence of inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap for ASDA. To identify strategies that can be adopted by ASDA for aligning with inclusion, diversity
and gender pay gap practices at workplace.
Research Questions:
 What is performance related to pay gap?
 What are the prospects for gender pay equity based on ASDA case?
 Is there a relationship between performance pay scheme and gender gap for ASDA?
Rationale of the research: Main reason of doing this investigation is to find out the major
impact of inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap on employee's performance at workplace. This
is a biggest issue that faced by an organisation at their workplace. Along with this, current
research is important for researcher as it helps them by increasing its personal as well as
professional growth. It will also aid them by improving its investigation qualities which are

associated with literature review, data collection, data analysis, management of time and many
other. By following these skills, investigator can easily complete full research systematically
(Gölgeci and et. al., 2019).

2). Literature review
This is a systematic process that helps investigator to gather detailed and secondary data
about the field of research. There are various resources require by investigator for assembling
secondary and detailed data regarding the study. These are books, articles, journals, publication
research etc. These are consider more useful resources for researcher to use and gather in-depth
data about the study. By using literature review, investigator can easily address each objectives
of the investigation.
Understanding regarding the phenomena of inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap at
workplace
As per the opinion of Lombardo 2017, Inclusion introduces as an act of making an
individual or thing part of a collection or group. Diversity means having unlike or distinct
components. Within a workplace, diversity means employing each and every person who may be
not similar from each other and who not come from the similar background. These differences
are mainly related with religion, education, national origin, sexual orientation, gender, age etc.
Gender pay gap is another practice in the organisation and it has direct or negative impact over
employee's performance. Gender pay gap refers at the difference between the salary of men and
women. These are consider main practices at workplace of an organisation and have positive as
well as negative influence on employee's and an organisational working or performance.
Influence of inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap for ASDA.
According to the Dishman, 2018, Inclusion, gender pay gap as well as diversity at
workplace have direct influence on ASDA and their employees. All these practices have positive
as well as negative impact on business. These are explained as below:
Positive Impact: Inclusion and diversity at workplace have different advantages for
business such as lower turnover, higher productivity, higher employee moral, increased
creativity, enhanced innovation, improved problem solving, higher job satisfaction etc. These
are consider positive impact of diversity and inclusion for ASDA. As it helps an enterprise in
improving of its brand image.
Negative impact: As per the opinion of Jarrett, 2018, Gender pay gap have unfavourable
effect on business by reducing morale of employees, increasing turnover rate, effecting branding,
reducing market image of company etc. These are consider major drawbacks of gender pay gap

that have unfavourable effect on organisation as well as an workers growth or performance at
workplace.
Ways that can be used by ASDA for aligning with three practices i.e. inclusion, diversity
and gender pay gap practices at workplace.
According to the Clarke, 2020, there are different practices that are needed to adopt by
ASDA for aligning with gender pay gap, diversity and inclusion at workplace. These practices
are explain as below:
Constant communication: It is an effective and essential practice that should use by
ASDA for managing and aligning diversity at workplace. For this, company must provide
frequent feedback and coaching on how their employees are doing. As it support an enterprise in
retention of employees for longer period.
Form an Inclusion Council: This is an another strategy that directly support ASDA to
promote inclusion at workplace. Form an inclusion council with genuine helps an organisation to
influence employee's towards business work. Company must create an effective and friendly
environment where each employees can feel comfortable. As it help an enterprise by improving
their brand image (Kang and Kaplan, 2019).
Make mentors available to everyone: This strategy helps ASDA in overcoming the effect
of gender pay gap at working environment of company. The availability of a talented or
experienced mentor support employees by reducing their frustration at workplace. As it support
business in improvement of its performance and productivity level.

3). Research methodology
Research methodology refers useful and main process of investigation as it support
researcher in assemblage of data regarding the investigation (McCusker and Gunaydin, 2015).
There are some useful methods that are require by researcher for collection data regarding such
practices and its impact over employee's performance. These methods will be determine as
below:
Research philosophy: For performing this research, positivism type of philosophy will be
used by researcher. As its beneficial in collection and analysation of quantitative data about the
diversity, gender pay gap and inclusion at workplace. Interpretivisim philosophy is not
appropriate because its completed based on qualitative stud (Miller and et. al., 2012).
Research approach: This part of the study is applied for assembling as well as examining
of information regarding the field of study. For collecting data regarding the current study
quantitative approach will be applied as it assist in saving time of researcher. For analysing
quantitative data, deductive approach is more suitable that has been chosen by researcher. As
quantitative and deductive approach of research are valuable according to the current
investigation (Quinlan and et. al., 2019) .
Evaluation of qualitative and quantitative research: These are consider two useful type
of research. Among them, quantitative form of investigation will be used because it provide
quantitative information about the study. Main reason for applying this method as it not consume
maximum cost and time of investigator. Qualitative is not useful study for this research because
it consume more resources and cost.
Use of primary and secondary sources: Both sources of collecting information that will
be going to used by researcher for collecting reliable and in-depth data regarding the inclusion,
gender pay gap and diversity within an organisation. In order to gather primary data,
questionnaire is appropriate and useful method because it help researcher by providing
quantitative data and saving its time and cost. For collecting secondary information about the
study, there is need of several useful sources which are magazines, articles, books and many
other. Therefore, for performing this research, both sources of data such as primary and
secondary will be needed to use by investigator (Riedl, Davis and Hevner, 2014).
Sampling Techniques: Researcher has two options regarding the sampling techniques
which are probabilistic and non-probabilistic. For performing this investigation, 15 managers of

ASDA are selected on random basis by using probabilistic sampling technique. Main goal for
using this technique as it not consumer more time as compare to non-probability type of
sampling (Scotland, 2012).
Data instrument: There are various instruments that support investigator in gathering of
information regarding the specific area of study. These are interview, questionnaire, observation
etc. According to the current work, questionnaire method will be applied for survey because it
helps researcher in collecting of quantitative as well as valid data regarding three practices such
as inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap (Silverman, 2016).
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you understand about the inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap at workplace?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) In which way, inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap have influence over growth and
success of ASDA?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q3) What are the negative impact of gender pay gap within working environment of ASDA?
a) Low productivity
b) Lack of moral
c) Poor performance
Q4) According to you, what are the advantages of inclusion and diversity at workplace?
a) Employees feel accepted and valued
b) Lower turnover rate
c) Better decision making
Q5) According to you, what is performance related to pay gap in context of ASDA?
a) System of managing pay
b) Measurement of employee’s performance
c) Measurement of staff member activity on sales
Q6) As per your pint of view, what are the several advantages of performance related pay?
a) Improve employee focus

b) Highlights poor performance effectively
c) Development of healthy performance based culture
Q7) What are the prospects for gender pay equality based on ASDA case?
a) Leadership development
b) Unconscious bias awareness
c) Colleague Advocates
Q8) Is there a relationship between performance pay scheme and gender gap for ASDA?
a) Yes
b) No
Q9) What are the main effective ways that can be applied by ASDA for aligning with three
practices i.e. inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap within a working environment?
a) Integration and training
b) Prospective assignment talent pools
c) Selection and assessment
Q10) Provide any recommendations to ASDA in promotion of equality and diversity at
workplace.
Time Horizon: This is an important section of investigation that help investigator in
determination of time scale for starting and closing project. Gantt chart is a best tool that help
researcher in completion of full study in a given and lesser time duration (Tuohy and et. al.,
2013).

Cost, access and ethical issues: This part of research methodology is consider more
useful and effective. Cost is useful factor that is require by researcher for doing primary and
secondary research in appropriate manner. Along with this, investigator is able to gather
information from selected respondents i.e. managers of ASDA because the have access. Apart
from this, there are various values of research including informed consent, autonomy,
beneficence, confidentiality etc. These are consider main principles that will be require to follow
by researcher. As it assist an investigator in completion of full investigation in systematic and
ethical manner (Tuohy and et. al., 2013).

4). Data analysis and interpretations
Analysis of data is consider important part of the investigation as it aid researcher in
finding of information in form of reliable and quantitative. In order to analysis information, there
is needs to following few steps such as making of frequency table, creating of graph and
interpreting quantitative information (Tuohy and et. al., 2013). For this content analysis will be
applied because it aid researcher in systematically analysing and interpreting of information
about the current study.
Frequency table
Q1) Do you understand regarding the phenomena inclusion, diversity and
gender pay gap at working place of company?
Frequency
a) Yes 12
b) No 3
Q2) In which manner, inclusion, diversity and gender pay gap influence on
growth and success of ASDA?
Frequency
a) Positive 7
b) Negative 5
c) Neutral 3
Q3) What are the negative impact of gender pay gap at workplace of ASDA? Frequency
a) Low productivity 5
b) Lack of moral 5
c) Poor performance 5
Q4) According to you, what are the advantages of inclusion and diversity at
workplace?
Frequency
a) Employees feel accepted and valued 6
b) Lower turnover rate 4
c) Better decision making 5