Assessing the Impact of Asian Culture on Diabetes and Prevention

This report investigates the impact of Asian (Desi) culture on diabetes and its prevention, highlighting the increasing prevalence of diabetes in densely populated Asian countries like India and China due to urbanization, modernization, changing eating habits, inactivity, alcohol consumption, and genetic predispositions. The study reviews existing literature and employs questionnaires to assess the knowledge and impact of culture on diabetes, identifying factors contributing to increased rates of type 2 diabetes and evaluating potential prevention strategies, including lifestyle interventions such as reduced alcohol consumption and increased physical activity. It emphasizes the need for culturally sensitive prevention programs to address the rising global health issue of diabetes within Asian communities, considering both genetic and environmental factors.

IMPACT OF ASIAN (DESI)CULTURE HAVE ON DIABETES AND THEIR PREVENTION

ABSTRACT
Asian culture has led to the most challenging health problem, Diabetes, which is now emerging
as an epidemic concern. The evidence to the study provides the information that India and
China are the most densely populated countries facing this severe problem. Prevalence of
diabetes in Asian Countries is the result of the urbanization and Modernization, eating habits,
increased fat due inactivity and alcohol consumption along with level of high sugar diets. This
resists the degree of insulin and has a stronger predisposition of genetic factors on diabetes.
There are different strategies and preventable cure been mentioned in order to confront on the
fact of exposing diabetes problem within the Asian Subcontinents. Some of the interventions
are Consumption of alcohol, increase in physical activity and many others.
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Table of Contents
ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER 1.......................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2.......................................................................................................................................6
LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 3.......................................................................................................................................8
METHOD......................................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 4.....................................................................................................................................11
RESULTS.....................................................................................................................................11
CHAPTER 4.....................................................................................................................................16
DISCUSSION...............................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER 5.....................................................................................................................................17
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................17
RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................................18
BIBLIOGRAPHY...............................................................................................................................19
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Diabetes is treated as a major health problem globally. It is considered as one of the reasons
resulting to increased death rates in the country. The prevalence of diabetes in Asian Countries
like India, China, Japan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia has shown sharp upswing the
evidence of gathering information through different parts of migrant’s countries and
subcontinent. From the last three decades, it has been witnessed that an epidemic rise in a
number of people with diabetes suffers from type 2 diabetes (Joshi and Aravind, 2017). It has
been estimated that the risk of diabetes type 2 in Asian countries will increase to 150%
between 2000 and 2035 (Vlaar, et al. 2017). According to International Diabetes Federation
(2016), there has been a number of surpassing predictions that more than 60% of the person
with diabetes resides in Asia and almost one-half belongs to India and China combined.
Diabetes is considered as a major lifestyle disorder which has lower thresholds for ecological
risk factors. The adverse effects of physical indolence, fatty food are manifested to the rate of
increase in weight and obesity level. This has been generally recorded in the young children and
adults.
The adults aged 20-70 years are certainly targeted in order to prevail on the fact of the rise in
type 2 diabetes in Asian countries. An expected rise of 285 million has been recorded by the
year 2010. It has been experienced that the prevalence of diabetes in rural areas has resulted in
an increase of overall increase in the prevalence of diabetes. The large rural areas i.e. India and
China face this issue as they have very dense population. The scenario poses huge social
impedes on the developmental stage of the countries. Therefore, different prevention
strategies are addressed in order to address the rising global health issue of “Diabetes” (Zubair,
et al. 2015). Several prevention programs are curbed in order to escalate trends in all the Asian
countries which are likely facing challenges which can be insurmountable.
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Recent studies have provided the prevalence to the Asian people incarnate in different parts of
the world provides a higher prevalence of diabetes patients comparative to their host
populations of those countries. The type 2 diabetes possesses a higher percentage of body fat
and increased waist to hip ration which has been recorded through their BMI index which
predisposes to metabolic syndrome and diabetes.
Diabetes often referred as Diabetes Mellitus (DM) which is caused due to high blood sugar
levels which are prolonged over a period of time. The major symptoms that are recorded in the
case to identify whether a person is suffering from diabetes are increased thirst, frequent
urination, increased hunger and many others (Hashmi, et al. 2014). It can also lead to severe
complications like cardiovascular disease stroke, Diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar
hyperglycemic state, foot ulcers, chronic kidney disease, and death. There are several reasons
which lead to the disease like diabetes. It has been generally observed that either the body is
not responding to the insulin produced in the body or pancreas does not produce sufficient
amount of insulin or cell.
There are certain possible ways to prevent to overcome these issues and have healthier
lifestyles. Other than this, losing weight and keeping it off, get regular exercise, follow the
healthy eating plan (Vlaar, et al. 2017). The quantitative study aims to understand the impact of
the Asian (desi) culture have on diabetes. Further identification of the factors results in
increasing rates of the diabetic patients in Asian countries. Different measures that can be
taken can be recorded.
The research is conducted to identify the influence of Asian culture on diabetes and analyses
the findings in relations to the studies presented in the literature review to determine if there is
any cause which has prevail due to the cultural aspects on diabetes (Bryman, 2015). The
research was carried out through information based on the determined questionnaires.
Aim:
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The aim of this research study is to assess that Asian culture impact on the health problem like
diabetes and determining the factors which lead to the effect on their health in order to
identify the potential prevention to cure them.
Objectives of the study:
The objectives of the study are:
 To critically evaluate the impact of culture have on diabetes
 To assess the knowledge of Diabetes and Asian Culture
 To determine the factors helps in prevention of diabetes
 To evaluate the cause of the increased rates in the diabetic patients (Type-2)
Hypothesis
Many countries are facing the health problem related to Diabetes. The main factors the
influences to the cause of diabetes are lack of awareness, eating habits, high level of sugar level
and ethnic background along genetic disorder (Kaveeshwar and Cornwall, 2014). They can be
cured through exercising, Focusing on a diet plan, in other culture the prevalence to drink wine
is observed that can also be introduced.
Rationale
An upsurge to the early on-set diabetes cases is developed in the Asian population than
western Pacific. In the Asian population, the prevalence of diabetes is at the highest peak. It
has been the result of the ethnic differences and impairment of glucose regulation with the
living environment and geographical locations which are suggested as a major role for an
increase in the diabetes patients (Kaveeshwar and Cornwall, 2014). The genetic factors may
also interplay a major role in increasing higher rates of predisposition and adverse intrauterine
influences among the Asian Population. Identifying the reasons for the inadequate increase in
the diabetes disease acquaints on the crucial means of developing the probability of illness
factor due to Desi culture. Although, the genes inherit the influence of the development of the
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disease is set back and can be attributed (Vlaar, et al. 2017). Preventions are recorded in order
to overcome those factors as per the Culture perception.
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
According to Ramchandaran et al (2010), the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has always been the
major healthcare burden worldwide and in Asia. Asian Populations especially younger age
people are facing the problem of diabetes than the older age people. With the increasing rates
of a diabetes patient's it has been recorded that morbidity and mortality disease is also
associated with various complications in young Asian people. The economic factors overburden
the risk of cardiovascular disease in the people. Several distinctive features apparently result in
causing the diabetes are due to pathogenic present in the surrounding. It is likely to be believed
that National strategies are applied in order to overcome the diseases and raise the standard of
care through primary prevention. Asia is the major site of emerging diabetes epidemic disease.
Substantial growth in developing countries is recorded to be increased with economic growth
(Ramachandran, et al. 2010). Certain reasons which cause diabetes are prevalence of impaired
glucose tolerance, strong gene-environmental interaction, migration of Asian groups and other
multifactorial causes has underplayed the development of the disease. Among the Asian
Countries, it has been recorded that India and China have the highest number of people with
diabetes. The major reasons for the huge burden of diabetes are due to the cultural practices.
The cultural background plays an important role in influencing the aspects of the people's lives
which includes behavior, perception, beliefs, rituals, emotions, dress, diet, body image and
particularly attitude towards those factors. The role of culture is foreseen as it is made up of
historical, political, economic, social and geographical elements.
The poor eating habits in India i.e. more fatty and oily food is preferred which creates the
imbalances in the health of the people. The fatty acid influx to the liver and affect it due to
excessive intakes of the lipoproteins. The other significant barrier to improving the lifestyle of
the Asian population is the physical inactivity (Ramachandran, et al. 2010). The people do not
prefer to practice physical activity as the key strategy in preventing diabetes as of other Pacific
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population. Most of the Asian countries are undergoing a socio-economic transition through
which level of modernization, economic advancement, industrialization are adversely affected
due to biological and environmental risk factors. Some of the adversely affected factors that
affect the maladaptation to modernization and affluence provide the low adiponectin
concentration in plasma in Asian people. Thus, it is linking towards low insulin sensitivity. It has
been profound that offspring of women who are obese or have diabetes can exacerbate and re-
create intense vicious cycle so that their next generation will also be getting diabetes.
Therefore, future prevention and cure must be taken in order to minimize the risk and
complication caused due to diabetes (Ramachandran, et al. 2010). It has been suggested that
2-3% of the reduction in energy intake or an extra 15 min of walking can offset with the
problem on the regular interval. The lifestyle intervention can have a sustained benefit. It has
been experienced that reduction in the incidence of diabetes over a period of 20 years has
reached to 43%. The primary prevention study has shown that lifestyle modification and cost-
effective intervention has increased the reduction with a control group to 30% (Ramachandran,
et al. 2010). The challenges for Diabetes raise is people promote the education balances and
not physical labor. This has set an alert to the risk factors for diabetes. The Asian Countries
mainly China, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Vietnam, Malaysia and Singapore aims to develop
their national policies towards these goals. The programmes and strategies that build access to
managing the disorders and curb the epidemic.
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CHAPTER 3
METHOD
RESEARCH AIM
The research aim is to determine the impact of the culture on disease like diabetes. Further, it
intends to identify interventions taken to overcome those issues in Asian Countries.
SECONDARY RESEARCH
Published literature of Author Ramchandaran et al (2010) has helped to understand the
influence of the culture and additional ideas to minimize the diabetic patient’s rates. Different
sources were referred in order to gain information about the research topic. It secondary
sources are collected from books, journals, articles and verified research on diabetes in Asia. It
was easy to find updated information regarding the statistics of the Diabetes in the different
Asian countries as different health and social organization works for improving and creating
public awareness about diabetes.
PRIMARY RESEARCH (QUESTIONNAIRES)
Questionnaires were used as the part of the primary research in order to evaluate an average
account of the people suffered from such disease in Asian countries. A quantitative method has
been approached in the study. It provides a large samples opinion towards the problem. The
validity and reliability of information are paid attention in order to gain the fundamental
information of the research. The participants that are focused are the people belonging to age
group 20-40 years (Saddichha, et al. 2010). It has been recorded the participants are allowed to
answer freely. The number of a questionnaire that has been recorded includes open ended and
closed ended questions and somewhat relates to matrix questions.
It is difficult for researchers to criticise their own written work as it is crucial to obtain the
feedback. Therefore, it has been pre-tested among the group of 10 people those who are
suffering from this disease and belonging from India. The questions that are asked were
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formulated in a positive manner. This has provided most important questions such as concern
with knowledge regarding their cultural backgrounds and demographics. The most important
questions, related to the people suffering from diabetes due to cultural influence were asked.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AREA
The study area provides the information of the group of 20 people from different Asian
Countries. India and China are the densely populated Asian country with a majority of the
people suffering from diabetes problem. The questionnaires were administered face to face
from the people belonging to different regions (Joshi and Aravind, 2017). The group of 20
people from different countries- India, China, Malaysia, Japan and Bangladesh over the age of
20 years were recorded.
SAMPLE DESIGN
A total of 15 questionnaires were distributed to those 20 people from different Asian Countries.
Only 85% of the questionnaires were completed. Half of the participants were approached from
five aforementioned countries. The presence of researcher was important to guarantee that all
questions which are to be answered.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Research must be undertaken through the support of the governmental permission. As to
excess the contact information and details of the countries is the matter of confidentiality.
Thus, the rights and confidentiality of the respondents must be maintained throughout the
research (Chakraborty and Das, 2016). There are certain considerations which are followed by
ethical circumstances are:
 Sensitive issues- Diabetes is a very a sensitive issue which must be treated with intensive
care and cutting down the sugar measures.
 Non-maleficence
 Informed Consent
 Right to discontinue
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 Confidentiality
DATA ANALYSES
Statistical analyses using the Microsoft excel has been carried out. Numerical data were
presented in the form of column charts, tables, and pie chart. The use of the pie charts provides
an exceptional proportion of information that shares the different categories likewise age
group, country and people suffering from diabetes or not (Jyothi, 2017). Open-ended questions
were examined that summarised the details of point one by one.
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