Report: Principles and Practices of Assessment in Learning

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the principles and practices of assessment in learning and development. It begins by explaining the function of assessment, defining key concepts, and outlining the responsibilities of an assessor. The report then delves into different assessmen...Read More

Understanding the
Principles and
Practices of assessment

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
TASK 1 Understanding the principles and requirements of assessment.........................................4
1.1 Explain the function of assessment in learning and development....................................4
1.2 Define the key concepts and principles of assessment.....................................................4
1.3 Explain the responsibilities of the assessor......................................................................5
1.4 Identify the regulations and requirements relevant to assessment in own area of practice5
TASK 2 Understand different types of assessment method............................................................6
2.1 Compare the strengths and limitations of a range of assessment methods with reference to
the needs of individual learners..............................................................................................6
TASK 3 Understand how to plan assessment..................................................................................6
3.1 Summarise key factors to consider when planning assessment.......................................6
3.2 Evaluate the benefits of using a holistic approach to assessment....................................7
3.3 Explain how to plan a holistic approach to assessment....................................................7
3.4 Summarise the types of risks that may be involved in assessment in own area of
responsibility..........................................................................................................................7
3.5 Explain how to minimise risks through the planning process..........................................8
TASK 4 Understand how to involve learners and others in assessment..........................................8
4.1 Explain the importance of involving the learner and others in the assessment process...8
4.2 Summarise types of information that should be made available to learners and others
involved in the assessment process........................................................................................9
4.3 Explain how peer and self-assessment can be used effectively to promote learner
involvement and personal responsibility in the assessment of learning.................................9
4.4 Explain how assessment arrangements can be adapted to meet the needs of individual
learners...................................................................................................................................9
TASK 5 Understand how to make assessment decisions..............................................................10
5.1 Explain how to judge whether evidence is: Sufficient, authentic and current...............10
5.2 Explain how to ensure that assessment decisions are: made against specified criteria, valid,
reliable and fair.....................................................................................................................10
TASK 6 Understand quality assurance of the assessment process................................................10
6.1 Evaluate the importance of quality assurance in the assessment process......................10

6.2 Summarise quality assurance and standardisation procedures in own area of practice. 11
6.3 Summarise the procedures to follow when there are disputes concerning assessment in
own area of practice..............................................................................................................11
TASK 7 Understand how to manage information relating to assessment.....................................11
7.1Explain the importance of following procedures for the management of information
relating to assessment...........................................................................................................11
7.2Explain how feedback and questioning contribute to the assessment process................12
TASK 8 Understand the legal and good practice requirements in relation to assessment............12
8.1Explain legal issues, policies and procedures relevant to assessment, including those for
confidentiality, health, safety and welfare............................................................................12
8.2Explain the contribution that technology can make to the assessment process..............13
8.3Evaluate requirements for equality and diversity and, where appropriate, bilingualism in
relation to assessment...........................................................................................................13
8.4Explain the value of reflective practice and continuing professional development in the
assessment process...............................................................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
This report is based on the understanding the principles and practices of assessment. The
report will cover the brief information of the assessment in learning and development.
TASK 1 Understanding the principles and requirements of assessment
1.1 Explain the function of assessment in learning and development
The main purpose of the assessment is to measure and collect the data about the
performance and progress of a person to make judgment related to their learning process.
Functions of assessment in learning and development are to measure and record the
achievements of an individual (Bauer and Kastenhofer, 2019). Through assessment one can
identify how an individual is performing in achieving the personal goals and objectives. With the
help of assessment, the efforts and performance level of an individual can be assessed and they
can also see their development. The development of an individual is generally measured by
using summative and formative assessment, it also depicts the standards and assessment criteria
which a learner have to perceives. The assessment also helps in finding out the individual’s
strength and weakness so that the strength of the person can be utilised for the effective task and
weakness can be overcome by giving them challenging task. The strength of an individual can be
used in development through which the learner can gain the new opportunities for uplifting their
career.
1.2 Define the key concepts and principles of assessment
The Concept of basement is to gain the valid information related to some goal. The
assessment is a tool through which an individual performance can be measured in effective and
efficient manner (Adachi, Tai and Dawson, 2018). The individual knowledge is tested by the
assessment and also evaluated whether they have enough knowledge related to the concepts.
Assessment identifies the knowledge and competencies which is gained by an individual. The
Function of assessment is to measure the knowledge, skills, standard of learning and
understanding of an individual’s. The assessment aim is to ensure that individual has gained the
knowledge and ready to prove their skills and competencies. The principles of assessment
includes fairness, reliability, validity, safety and sufficient. The assessment must be fair and
objective; the assessor must not make wrong decision. The assessment must be reliable as the
decision is taken by the assessor by identifying the knowledge and skills of learners. The

decision of the assessment must be validate with clear assessment criteria stated by examining
body. The assessor must ensure that assessment must be conducted with safety according to the
individual’s needs. It is necessary that assessment must covers all the criteria and learning
outcomes which makes easy for the individual to gain the knowledge.
1.3 Explain the responsibilities of the assessor
The responsibility of assessor is to observe the individuals performance and work, provide
guidance and support if they needs related to any subject or field. They assess the abilities of
learners and enable them to gain knowledge and develop their skills for their bright future. The
role of assessor is to plan the day to day activities and keep regular checks on individual learning
and submit the performance of each learner (McLean, 2018). The assessor also assesses the
performance and understanding of learner, they measure the understanding of an individual. The
learner can also measure the progress of their knowledge when an assessor measures their
understanding. The assessor also provides a feedback to learners related to their work, project or
knowledge. They give feedback on regular intervals in order to improve the learner’s abilities
and capabilities. The assessor must ensure that there must be clear communication with learners
so that they can raise their doubts and queries if they have any. With the help of strong
relationship, learner’s can easily ask their questions and gain knowledge from assessor.
1.4 Identify the regulations and requirements relevant to assessment in own area of practice
The regulation and requirements relevant to assessment in own areas of practices include
awarding organisation and regulations body. The examples which are standard throughout
awarding organisation are Quality assurance is the important factor which must be followed by
the assessor, it is the responsibility of assessor to ensure that all learners must be registered with
each awarding organisations (Smallwood, 2019). There must be use of correct documentation by
following the requirement of copyright act, data protection, health and safety of learner’s. It is
important to address the individual on the basis of their documentation. The assessor must know
the verification process and strategies through which they can verify the learners in both centre
and awarding organisation.

TASK 2 Understand different types of assessment method
2.1 Compare the strengths and limitations of a range of assessment methods with reference to the
needs of individual learners
The strength and limitation of a range of assessment methods with reference to the needs
of individual learners includes the following the assessment methods they are-
Observation of the performance in work environment helps in viewing the learner’s knowledge
and abilities in achieving the particular task. The individual also get an opportunity of reviewing
their work for development purpose, they give an opportunity to assessor to evaluate the
performance by asking some question and check the knowledge of the learner Nagle, Gagnon
and Kidder-Ashley, 2020).
The observation of the performance in work environment can be a time consuming
process as the assessor needs to observe the each step of the learner’s and evaluate the
performance and understanding in order to gain whether an individual is learning and developing
their knowledge. The assessor needs to prove the observation by taking witness interview,
witness authentication and collecting the evidence of exemplar.
Questioning is the simple and the effective method through which assessor can check the
skills and communication of the learners but it is important for the assessor to record the
evidence video of an individual showing their understanding in professional context.
The questioning method can reduce the morale and motivation of the learners if they are
not able to answer the questions. The individual can also feel bored by answering the frequent
questions asked by assessors.
TASK 3 Understand how to plan assessment
3.1 Summarise key factors to consider when planning assessment
When planning the assessment it is important to consider the key factors in order to check
whether the learner is ready for the assessment. While planning the assessment the following
factors must be considered such as which standards must be used, types of evidence required, the
assessment method must be chosen, location and resources, time and duration of assessment,
how to manage the assessment process, feedback to learner, recording assessment process and
decisions and what are the specific needs of learner’s. So when planning the assessment it is
important to address these factors. The assessor must know the standards which they are going to

sue in assessment and ensure that the individual’s must know the standards. It is necessary to
know about the assessment method through which the assessor will collect the evidence of the
learner’s knowledge and skills. The assessment methods includes, questioning, projects,
observation, skills test and assignment. The assessor must communicate the date and time of
assessment so that learner’s can be prepared for the assessment and show their knowledge and
understanding.
3.2 Evaluate the benefits of using a holistic approach to assessment
The benefit of holistic approach to assessment is that assessor can utilise to evaluate the
various aspects on an individual. The assessor can use various methods at a one time in order to
evaluate the performance and understanding of the learner’s they can use presentations,
coursework, questioning, video, tests and observation with the help of these methods assessor
can sum up the performance of an individual with a single grade or number (Sureau and et. al.,
2018). The holistic approach provides highlight’s of learner’s performance through which
assessor can make the decision. By suing holistic approach to assessment, the assessor provides
the grade that represents the ability of an individual by breaking many assessments into smaller
tasks.
3.3 Explain how to plan a holistic approach to assessment
The holistic approach to assessment can be planned by using examining body criteria. To
plan the holistic approach to assessment, the assessor must clearly define and identify the
learning outcomes. The learning outcomes must describe what learner’s must do, knowledge of
an individual and appreciate for their performance. It is important to select the assessment
measures and assess the learning outcomes (Hardy, 2018). The each learning outcome will
describe the performance of an individual and deliver their understanding and represents the
thoughts. The assessor must analyse the results of the assessments and ensure that it must be
meaningful. The results of the assessment must be improved if they are used properly than it
become worthless.
3.4 Summarise the types of risks that may be involved in assessment in own area of
responsibility
The different types of risk that may be involved in assessment in own area of responsibility
are health and safety risk, unnecessary stress on individual’s, inauthentic evidence, over-

assessment, potential for unfairness to learners and failing to meet the requirements of
assessment strategy. The other risk can be lack of confidence among assessor in order to make
correct decisions, lack of standardisation of activities or a situation when an individual is
copying the work of other learner. These are the risk which is associated with assessment;
assessor must ensure that the risk must be overcome so that a positive and healthy environment
must be developed (Chen and Bonner, 2020). It is the responsibility of assessor to maintain the
health and safety of the learner’s; they must ensure that chair and tables must be clean, there
should be no hazardous equipments near by the learner’s and a proper protection must be taken
for any fire hazardous. The assessor must not give unnecessary stress on individuals by forcing
and pressurizing them to learn and gain the knowledge even they are not ready.
3.5 Explain how to minimise risks through the planning process
It is necessary to minimise the risk through planning process so that a positive environment
must be established and learner’s can learn and increase their knowledge efficiently and
effectively. The risks can be minimised by conducting the analysis and evaluation of the place as
it is the responsibility of the assessor to make sure their learner’s must not get harm from any
hazardous instruments and equipments. The assessor must ensure that the place must be safe for
the individual’s so that they can give their assessment without harming their life. The stress level
of the learner’s must be reduced they shouldn’t pressurised for anything as if they get stressed
they cannot give their best efforts and performance while presenting themselves and explain their
knowledge (Bennett, 2019). The decision related to knowledge and skills of the learner’s must be
taken fairly and without getting biased. The assessor must take the right decision according to the
understanding the ability of an individual. It is important to meet the requirements of the
assessment strategy in order to get the information of learner’s ability and performance.
TASK 4 Understand how to involve learners and others in assessment
4.1 Explain the importance of involving the learner and others in the assessment process
The benefit of involving learners in the assessment process is that they can know the
standards and understand the criteria which they are being addressed. The individual’s can also
know assessor made the decision of assessment. They can also identify the factors in which they
are lacking and also know the progress level by involving in the assessment process. The learners
can also know in which skills they are good and in which they have to improve in order to

increase the performance. In assessment process, individual identify and provide evidence
themselves. By including learners into assessment process they can become transparent and also
increase their efficiency. They can also give ideas to their assessor; can learn new things and
work together to identify in which field they are lacking.
4.2 Summarise types of information that should be made available to learners and others
involved in the assessment process
The types of information that should be made available to learners and others involved in
the assessment process must includes standards and criteria for the assessment, types of evidence
required, methods to be used, practical arrangements, how feedback will be given and use of
assessment outcomes and records. The learners must know the standards and the criteria which
assessor used to check the performance, they should also know which type of evidence must be
required whether video, audio and written (Ceniccola and et. al, 2019). The individuals must also
know the methods which assessor use to evaluate the performance and knowledge of the learner;
method can be questioning, project and observation.
4.3 Explain how peer and self-assessment can be used effectively to promote learner
involvement and personal responsibility in the assessment of learning
The peer and self assessment can be used effectively to promote the learner involvement
and personal responsibility in the assessment of learning as if learners conduct self assessment
they can find out the weakness and strength. So, an individual can grab an opportunity to
overcome the weakness which they find from self assessment. By overcoming the problem they
can also increase their performance and knowledge. The peer can also help in promoting learner
involvement and personal responsibility in the assessment of learning by encouraging and
motivating them to perform well ad contribute their best efforts in gaining knowledge and
increasing understanding.
4.4 Explain how assessment arrangements can be adapted to meet the needs of individual
learners
The assessment arrangements can be adapted to meet the needs of individual learners are
language requirements, cultural requirements, physical disabilities, particular learning needs and
working patterns. The learners have language problem cannot understand the native language
can speak in their native language so that they can complete their assessment. The assessor can

arrange the person who can translate the language so that they can get to know the knowledge
and understanding of the individual. If the learner has any physical disability for example,
hearing impairment they can express their knowledge through writing instead of discussing. It is
important to fulfil the needs of the learner’s and ensure that they may not face any problem.
TASK 5 Understand how to make assessment decisions
5.1 Explain how to judge whether evidence is: Sufficient, authentic and current.
When the evidence is authentic, assessor should check the work by using plagiarism
checker software and make sure that individuals accomplish work by their own prior to
submission. The individuals are informed in the beginning that work must not be copied and the
assignment must be plagiarism free in order to get high grade. The learner must also provide the
correct information and it must be valid as if the information is wrong it can create a huge impact
on the performance of individual’s. The work must be submitted by the learner on the due date
and time so that they may not face any problem. The individual must ensure that their assessment
must be covering all the assessment criteria and learning outcomes (Bretag and et. al., 2019).
5.2 Explain how to ensure that assessment decisions are: made against specified criteria, valid,
reliable and fair.
It is important to ensure that assessment decision must be made against specified criteria,
valid, reliable and fair. It could be done by interpretating assessment standards clearly and
correctly. The assessor must match and measure evidence against assessment standards and
criteria, they should also ensure that consistent judgment must be made in own practice and liaise
with other assessors. They should also ensure the reliability and must consider the possibility if
any individual learner is treated differently from others in the assessment process. The assessor
must ensure that a fair decision must be taken without getting biased for any person and treat all
learners equally.
TASK 6 Understand quality assurance of the assessment process
6.1 Evaluate the importance of quality assurance in the assessment process
Quality assurance is one of the important parts in assessment process; it is used to know
how things must be done. The quality assurance will support the developments in learners while
learning. It helps in ensuring the organised approach to assessment which includes transparent

and fair to the learners. The importance of quality assurance includes the fairness to individual
learners, upholding the credibility of assessment processes and decisions, ensuring reliability of
assessment decision and ensuring consistency. The assessor must ensure that there must be
reliability in the decision making process of the assessment. It is the responsibility of the assessor
to take the right and fair decision of the performance of learner.
6.2 Summarise quality assurance and standardisation procedures in own area of practice
The quality assurance and standardisation procedures include observation of practice,
standardisation of meetings, sharing good practice, observation of peers and internal & external
quality assurance reviews. With the help of observation of practice the assessor can observe the
learners and can also know the quality which they are delivering in expressing their learning and
knowledge. The assessor can also assess their performance by taking the feedback from the
individuals so that they can know how they are delivering the things to learners. The regular
observation can helps in finding out the strength and weakness of the individuals and the ways
through which their strength can be utilised.
6.3 Summarise the procedures to follow when there are disputes concerning assessment in own
area of practice
If a disputes arises related to the concerning assessment it must be solved quickly and
efficiently. As disputes creates a misunderstanding and also create the impact on the relationship
of assessor and learners. If an assessor and individual is not coming on a decision than learner
can write an appeal and address their issue or concern related to assessment. The learner will
write the appeal letter including the detailed reason behind writing the appeal and the reason why
they feel the assessment decision is unfair and wrong. The appealing process will help in making
the clear decision in a professionalism manner and the learner can also find the solution.
TASK 7 Understand how to manage information relating to assessment
7.1Explain the importance of following procedures for the management of information relating
to assessment
This procedure of management of information is important as it helps out to maintain
proper adequate and the access of information to be kept in a proper accurate form so that the
data can be recorded in a safer manner and they cannot be make any issues regarding protection
of the important information and it helps out to cover all the assessments with proper protocols

and confidentiality (Algeo, and Liu, 2020) This helps fair and lawful manner through which all
the information can be framed in accurate manner. Through all this information the data is can be
recorded with a technological advancement and it also maintain the procedural growth in all the
areas of assessment which will organisations and various sectors to make the work in a relevant
source.
7.2Explain how feedback and questioning contribute to the assessment process
The feedback and questioning helps out to maintain a proper assessment procedure
through which all the individuals and the students can get a proper grading and they will
probably get identify the species and the areas in which the qualities of the student work can be
maintained through which the rewards to the skilled student and the individual can be given it
also helps to motivate the person through the help of assessment and feedback as it increase the
confidence in the persons growth and also helps to enhance their skill in a better way. It provides
a proper learning facility through which all the identification of various important learning
outcomes and areas can be handled.
TASK 8 Understand the legal and good practice requirements in relation to
assessment
8.1Explain legal issues, policies and procedures relevant to assessment, including those for
confidentiality, health, safety and welfare
All the legal issues policies and with that the procedures helps out to maintain proper
construction of consistent applications through which the standards can be implemented and it
helps out to maintain strategies through which the assessment can be framed and proper guidance
can be given it provides the confidentiality and also requirements through which the work can be
grown in an advanced manner ( Shmueli, and et. al., 2019). All the legal practises and
assessment provides a record through which the reviews in the program and all the maintenance
of the organisational areas can be properly maintained. All such legal policies helps to maintain
the development in the assessment area and also frame of the programs through which the
working can be implemented in a proper area it helps to make the confidence and also to
motivate the person in a legal manner by implicating all the laws and also make them aware that
there should not be any discrimination and any inequality can be raised from the assessment
skills and working mode. This provides a proper illustration in the methods through which

students will able to analyse their strength in the programs that are being needed in their
upcoming future events (Hörl, and et. al.,2019).
8.2Explain the contribution that technology can make to the assessment process
Technology helps out in assessment to frame it in a proper tracking of the work and the
method through which the working is being taken place. It helps out to make the students to do a
proper formative and with that also the growth and progress through which the person is being
lying. It helps out to manage the boost in hands meant and also engage in the detailed activity
with providing proper guidance and knowledge the person in their support and further deeper
learning. Technology gives advancement in the working areas and also to make the assessment
in a skilled and proficient manner. All these technological aspect helps out to make the
advancement in all the work and the culture through which the growth can be maintained and
also the assessment will help to be framed in a skilled manner. All this innovation and techniques
can be raised from the technological areas and it helps out to provide guidance and support in an
easy manner to the students.
8.3Evaluate requirements for equality and diversity and, where appropriate, bilingualism in
relation to assessment
The equality and diversity helps to maintain the working of assessment by providing a
proper connection with the standard areas and methods through which a proper diverse a fickle
areas in relation to the assessment and research factor can be maintained it helps out to evaluate
all the areas in the learning areas targets through which the discriminatory contents and issues
can be covered out. It helps to consolidate all the anti discriminatory areas by providing a clear
and concise guidelines through which the assessment can be made in a proper manner and also to
safeguard the interest of the learners through which the inequality can be avoided and the
regulations can be implemented with a posit policies that are being given by the areas. It’s of
south to provide a devices through which The assignments can be made in a clear and concise
manner (Griffin, 2017).
8.4Explain the value of reflective practice and continuing professional development in the
assessment process
Reflective practice helps out to maintain a proper professional development in which they
gives the increasing of self awareness programs through which the person can enhance their

skills by emotional intelligence and also to maintain all the reflective practice through which the
development of skills and the engagement of work in a proper processes can be maintained out.
All suspect is increase the assessment area and also the percent to motivate them self and build
confidence through which their skills can actively engaged in various emotional intelligence on
all the self awareness programs (Su, and et. al., 2018).
CONCLUSION
From this above report it is assessment helps out to evaluate all the problems and the
methods through which a proper guidelines and the projects can be served. It provides a personal
development in a person with a proper reflective practice and also the equality is in the skills that
can be raised in individual in a skilful manner.

REFERENCES
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