Comprehensive Nursing Care Plan for Asthma Management

The provided nursing care plan addresses the needs of patients with poorly controlled asthma. It includes diagnostic evaluations, such as understanding pathophysiology and demographic impacts on respiratory health. The care plan emphasizes effective nursing interventions like antibiotic use for infection control and inhaler training for optimal drug delivery. Education is prioritized through detailed patient explanations about disease management, medication usage, and lifestyle adjustments necessary for minimizing exacerbations. Key educational components include hands-on demonstrations for using medical devices, addressing psychological factors influencing asthma control, and encouraging patient adherence to treatment regimens. The references support the integration of advanced diagnostics and evidence-based practices to enhance asthma management in clinical settings.

Running Head: NURSING
Nursing
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1NURSING
Care plan-
Nursing
Diagnosis
What are the
client’s main
nursing
problems & care
needs?
Nursing
Interventions
(What will you
do?)
Rationale
(why?)
Goal Review
Date
1A.Infection
related to
pneumonia
1a) Antibiotics Antibiotics
reduce the
bacterial
infections by
inhibiting the
process of
replications or
cell
multiplication
(Stefan et al.,
2016)
Improve the
patient’s
breathing
and reduce
chest
infection
1b)Education
the patient for
using the
inhaler and
Knowing the
technique of
using the
inhaler and
spacer better
Improve
patient’s
awareness
about taking
medication

2NURSING
spacer will help the
patient to
comply with
medication,
maintain
medication
regime, and
reduce attacks
(Lehne &
Rosenthal,
2014)
and use of
inhalers
and dosages
Explaination of diagnostics-
Expected pathology of asthma are- airway wall thickening, widening of the airways,
active construction of the ASM that leads to shortening of breath, and loss of smooth airway
muscles.
Actual pathology- involves inflammation of respiratory tubes and respiratory distress. It
may be secondary to acute asthma. Airway hyper responsiveness, obstruction, and mucus
hyperproduction in patient are secondary to chest infections (Maslan & Mims, 2014).
Radiology investigations- chest radiography is the imaging technique used for evaluating
the symptoms of asthma such as hyperinflation. The second examination is the chest x-ray to
ensure the cause of the symptoms like cough, chest pain and shortness of breath and find out the
lung condition. When chest X-ray is not enough to detect the symptoms of asthma radiography
is used. Lung function test is the non-invasive test for checking the inhalation and exhalation

3NURSING
after taking certain drug. Peak flow meter and spirometry are commonly used for occupational
asthma diagnosis. Lab test includes testing the mucus sample (Al-Alawi et al., 2014).
Teaching plan-
Classes Duration Lesson for
patients
Learning
outcomes
Materials
First class 30 minutes peak flow readings Explain the patient
about normal peak
flow values so that
Danny can monitor
the lung function.
The peak flow
readings may
decrease with
exposure to
triggers. Readings
below normal
range indicate
narrowing of lungs
(Al-Dowaihi et
al. 2013)
Power point
presentation/video
Second class 10 minutes Distinguish
between severe
asthma attack, and
a mild asthma
Educate patient
about severe
asthma attack
symptoms such as

4NURSING
attack +
management
shortness of
breath, can’t speak
full sentences,
bluish colour of
lips, chest
tightness,
agitation, distress
and confusion.
Severe attack
occurs daily.
Educate patient on
symptoms of mild
asthma attack such
as wheezing, chest
tightness,
coughing and
breathlessness and
the attacks may be
twice a week.
Management of
severe attack
includes strict
adherence to
treatment regime
and limited daily
activities.

5NURSING
Management of
mild attack
includes taking
Ventolin as short
acting
bronchodilator as
primary
management
agent.
For severe attack
Ventolin is
administered with
inhaler and spacer
(1puff at a time
with 4 breaths and
may require 4
more puffs in
breathlessness
persists) along
with additional
medication such as
prednisone
(Tiziani, 2017)
Third class 30 minutes Technique and use
of inhaler and
The patient will be
explained to
Lecture, video,
images

6NURSING
spacer remove the cap of
the inhaler after
assembling spacer,
shake the inhaler
and breathe out
gently. It will be
followed by
placing the
mouthpiece
between lips, then
breathes slowly at
low IFR while
actuating the
inhaler. The
patient then will be
explained to hold
breath for 5-10
secs and then
exhale. Then the
patient will be
instructed to repeat
the above process
after waiting few
seconds and
replace the inhaler
cap. The patient

7NURSING
may slowly
breathe as each
time canister is
pressed, the
medication
remains in
suspension. The
patient will be
demonstrated the
way to apply the
spacer with a mask
to face. Lastly the
cap must be
replaced and
spacer should be
dissembled
(Thomas et al.,
2017).
Benefits:
Helps to get right
amount of
medication straight
to the lungs, which
means less
medicine overall

8NURSING
and reduces the
side effects
Fourth class One hour Need the
Beclomethasone
inhaler? When to
stop medication? is
it cool to use
spacer
Danny will be
explained that
Beclomethasone
inhaler is needed
as it is a steroid
and decreases
inflammation
causing substances
in body. It prevent
asthma attacks.
This medication
should be
maintained till the
lung function test
shows normal
results.
The consequences
of being labelled
as asthmatic is not
as worse as
exacerbations of
symptoms or
severe asthma
attack. So, it is
Explain with
diagrams

9NURSING
cool to use spacers
and be labelled as
an asthmatic
(Reddel et al.,
2015)
Fifth class 30 minutes why Danny’s
asthma has been
poorly controlled
in the past 2
months
Danny will be
explained the
reasons for poor
control of his
illness-
 New job
in a
grain-
sorting
silo- the
workers
in this job
is
exposed
to
complex
dust. The
dust may
Explain verbally