Cardiovascular Disease: Atrial Fibrillation and Cx43 Protein Report

This report delves into atrial fibrillation (AF), a cardiovascular disease characterized by an irregular and rapid heart rhythm, which can lead to blood clots, stroke, and heart failure. It explores the various types of AF, including occasional, persistent, long-standing persistent, and permanent forms, and discusses their symptoms and causes. The report highlights the critical role of connexin 43 (Cx43) protein in cardiac function and how its reduction, especially in elderly patients, contributes to AF development. It also covers the pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments available, including blood-thinning medications, beta-blockers, catheter ablation, and lifestyle modifications. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of managing AF to improve cardiac output and overall quality of life.