This essay delves into Bowlby's evolutionary theory of attachment, highlighting its significance in understanding child and adolescent behavior. It examines how attachment behaviors, triggered by factors like separation and fear, are biologically programmed. The essay discusses the development of attachment, from early inclinations towards caregivers to the formation of internal working models. It explores the impact of secure and insecure attachments, emphasizing the role of social care practitioners in applying attachment theory for assessment and intervention. The essay also touches upon the application of attachment theory in psychotherapy, emphasizing the importance of secure attachment styles for mental well-being. Ultimately, the essay concludes that understanding attachment theory is crucial for addressing psychosocial concerns and promoting positive outcomes for children and adolescents. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the attachment theory and its impact on child and adolescent behavior, referencing studies by Bowlby, Holmes, and others.