Cognition: Attention Bias, Reaction Time & Group Study - University

This report investigates the presence of attention bias within individuals and its impact on their working efficiency, focusing on reaction to different stimuli. The study employs quantitative analysis, particularly ANOVA, to assess the significant difference in negative reaction times between control and experimental groups. Results indicate that individuals react faster to negative stimuli compared to positive ones, which significantly affects overall working efficiency. The report supports the idea that attention bias is crucial, as it reflects a person's reaction to environmental changes, aligning with findings that negative stimuli elicit quicker responses due to perceived threats. Desklib provides students access to this and other solved assignments and study tools.

Cognition in Action

ABSTRACT
With the help of the study it is evaluated that attention bias need to be presented within
the person. This is pertaining to the fact that when the person will not react to the different
stimuli then this will be affecting the working efficiency of them. The reason underlying this act
is that in any situation the person has to react whether be it positive or negative. The method
section outlined the fact that use of quantitative analysis is assistive in improving the working
efficiency of the company. The quantitative technique is being used within the research because
it provides a better and precise outcome which assist in attainment of the aim of study. Also, the
finding evaluated that there is a significant difference being present in negative reaction time of
both group that is control and experimental group. With the evaluation it is clear that when a
person is provided with the negative stimuli then they react fast as compared to the negative
stimuli. Also the stimuli affect the working of the person to a great extent and this affects the
overall working efficiency of the person.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................4
METHODS........................................................................................................................................4
RESULTS..........................................................................................................................................4
EVALUATION.................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Attention bias is being defined as the tendency of prioritizing the impact of different
types of stimuli over different people. This is very important for the reason that a person is being
affected with every change within the environment whether be it positive or negative. The
research question includes ‘is there any significant difference between the negative reaction time
of experimental group with the negative reaction time of control group. The rationale for
selection of the topic is that people respond to the different stimuli in different manner whether
be it positive or the negative. Also when people are having anxiety then their response to both
positive and negative stimuli is different. Hence, the study will outline the reaction time to the
negative stimuli and the positive stimuli and their significant difference.
METHODS
 Methods- The methods involve the various tools used in order to analyze and evaluate
the research questions in better and effective manner.
 Design- the design included within the study is descriptive as more theoretical focus is
being made within the study.
 Material- the material involved within the study includes secondary sources relating to
research topic like books, journal and other articles.
 Participant- the participant was divided into two different groups that is control and
experimental group and total 40 participants were present.
 Procedure- In the present case the use ANOVA is being undertaken in order to identify
whether there is significant different in negative reaction time of both the different
groups (Hang and et.al., 2021). The quantitative analysis is being undertake in order to
prove the research question correct.
RESULTS
H0- There is not any significant difference within the negative reaction of people belonging to
two different groups.
H1- There is significant difference within the negative reaction time of people from control and
experimental group.
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
Condition 1 (e.g.,
Negative) 40 30110 752.75 21698.9

Condition 1 (e.g.,
Negative) 40 34529 863.225 31278.6
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 244095 1 244095 9.21503 0.00326 3.96347

Within Groups 2066122 78 26488.7
Total 2310217 79
With the help of the ANOVA analysis it is clear that the alternate hypothesis is being
accepted and rejecting the alternate. This is particularly because of the reason that p value is less
than standard that is 0.05. Hence, with this is can be stated that there is a difference being present
within the negative response time to the stimuli in both the groups that is control and
experimental.
EVALUATION
With the help of the finding it is clear that the attention bias is very important for the
person as it includes the reaction of the person to the different stimuli. The person lives in
external environment and there are many different changes taking place which can affect the
working of person in both negative and positive manner. In support of this Zhang and et.al.,
(2018) stated that the reaction time for negative factor is less as compared to the positive factor.
This is because when any negative stimuli are presented then person reacts faster as compared to
the positive stimuli.
Also with help of findings it was clear that a person reacts to negative stimuli more as
compared to the positive stimuli. This is pertaining to the fact that positive stimuli will always
provide a better outcome to the person. On the other hand in case of negative stimuli person has a
fear that something bad will take place. Thus, because of this they feel that they must react to
negative aspect fast such that the outcome can be analyzed in proper and effective manner.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Hang, Y. and et.al., 2021. Attention bias modification for anxiety disorders in children and
adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research. 300. p.113896.
Zhang, M.W. and et.al., 2018. Recent advances in attention bias modification for substance
addictions. International journal of environmental research and public health. 15(4).
p.676.