Australia: Physical Inactivity & Cardiovascular Disease (Aged 15-60)

This report examines the correlation between physical inactivity and cardiovascular diseases among adults aged 15-60 in Australia. It highlights how sedentary lifestyles and a lack of physical activity contribute to increased heart disease risks, comparing it to the impact of unhealthy diets. The report analyzes various factors, including modern lifestyles, sedentary activities, and government and WHO reports, to emphasize the growing threat of cardiovascular diseases. It also includes recommendations for incorporating physical activity into daily routines to mitigate these risks. The report references several studies and articles to support its claims, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the issue and potential solutions, with the content contributed by a student and available on Desklib, which offers study tools and solved assignments.

Running head: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
Cardiovascular Diseases in Australia
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
Executive summary
This report will focus on the cardiovascular diseases that are experienced by the people of
Australia between the ages of 15-60 which are aggravated due to physical inactivity and
unhealthy lifestyle. The lack of physical activity amongst the population of Australia that is
due to the adoption of unhealthy lifestyle that includes food habits and the lack of performing
moderate physical activities. It creates various disabilities amongst the population and the
numbers are constantly rising. The factors that lead to cardiovascular diseases in the
population of Australia will be analysed in this report. The unhealthy lifestyle that leads to
the severe conditions of health will be analysed. The reasons why individuals in the
adulthood are inclined towards adopting unhealthy habits and follow them will be brought
into focus. The views of different authors will be included in the report to develop the basic
understanding for the increased number of cardiovascular diseases. The need to adopt some
remedial measures that will decrease the risk of facing cardiovascular diseases amongst the
population will also be brought into focus. Importance will be laid on including physical
activities on the wellbeing of the individuals. The main purpose of the report will be to
discuss the factors that lead to cardiovascular diseases in the adults of Australia and what is
the contribution of the unhealthy lifestyle habits in increasing the risks faced by the
population.

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Discussion..................................................................................................................................3
Heart risks in Adults...............................................................................................................4
Heart diseases in women........................................................................................................4
Heart diseases due to physical inactivity...............................................................................5
Modern lifestyles: reason for heart diseases..........................................................................5
Sedentary activities: cause of heart diseases..........................................................................6
The Australian government report.........................................................................................6
WHO report on heart diseases................................................................................................7
Increased heart risks...............................................................................................................7
Recommendations......................................................................................................................8
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................9
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................10

3CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
Introduction
The term physical inactivity is associated with the population that refrain from
performing any physical activity and rather tend to employ comfortable means to lead their
lives. Those individuals who are less active experience the risk of facing cardiovascular
diseases. With the advent of technology in the daily lives of the population several people
have restricted themselves inside their houses with the new gadgets that have contributed to
the lack of physical activities. The mortality rate of the individuals has increased due to the
rise of cardiovascular diseases. The elevation in the number of patients facing health threats
due to unhealthy lifestyle is reported. Unhealthy lifestyles include excessive smoking of
cigarette, consumption of alcohol and eating of junk food. The focus of the report is on the
issue that how physical inactivity is constantly increasing the threat faced of cardiovascular
diseases more than unhealthy lifestyle. The state of being physically inactive leads to cardiac
arrests in many people irrespective of their age. Age is not the only factor that leads to the
cardiovascular diseases as it was earlier believed but with the progression of time it has been
noted that physical inactivity is a major factor that increases the problem.
Discussion
The author in this article focuses on the inculcation of physical activities for curtailing
as well as curing the diseases that arise from the cardiovascular diseases. The importance of
physical activity is shown in order to decrease the threats related to cardiovascular problems.
The study was conducted by the author in healthcare specialty centers across the Australian
territory (Burton et al. pp. 1–14). The samples that were used to conduct this research would
receive medical treatment and the plan that was chalked out to promote physical activity
which had walking as the main exercise. This article helps to describe the state of patients

4CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
facing problems in Australia but the limitation of the article lies in the failure to identify the
factors that will lead to better health prospects and description of the activities that are the
need for resolving the issue.
Heart risks in Adults
This part will focuses on establishing the relation between physical activity and
cardiovascular diseases. The information used in this article is the data published by the
National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey in Australia between the year 2011 and
2012. The population for gathering the data was classified on the basis of sitting activities and
the physical activity performed by them. The information revealed that the population who
faced the higher risks of suffering from cardiovascular diseases are the adult male population
who refrain from participating in the physical activities. The article focused on the need of
indulging in physical activities to reduce the threats of heart diseases (Engelen et al. pp. 178–
183). The strength of the article lies in the fact that it promotes the including of physical
activity in the process of reducing heart diseases but it only identifies the reduction of sitting
time will help to overcome the problem and does not focus on other physical activities.
Heart diseases in women
The women population in Australia is suffering from cardiovascular diseases. The data shows
that 90% of the female population is suffering from the problems (Foundation). It focuses on
the ratio of women who are said to face the risk of the disease. The lack of physical
activeness, nutritional factors and smoking habits are said to be responsible for these issues.
Some clinical factors are also identified that include depression and isolation from families
lead to cardiovascular diseases (Appleton et al. pp.2388-2394.). The women population who
face higher risks of heart problems due to lack of physical activity and unhealthy lifestyle it
fails to identify the male ratio that suffers from the same problem.

5CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
Heart diseases due to physical inactivity
The lack of physical activity as the main factor in increasing the burden of diseases on
the population of Australia. The observation from this study shows that with the inculcation
of physical activity into the life of individuals for a definite period of time will lead to
decreased number of patients who face heart disease risks. In this report it was stated that the
population of lower economic stature are more exposed to cardiovascular diseases which
cannot be substantiated by fact and it is the limitation of this report whereas the strength is
that it tries to establish the connection between the cardiovascular diseases and lack of
physical activity (Król-Zielińska &Ciekot pp. 133–144). The lack of physical activity leads to
the increase in the number of people who suffer from the chronic heart diseases. Physical
inactiveness leads to the many health related issues that reflect in the accumulation of fats in
the valves of the heart that leads to the problems of heart failure and blockage of arteries.
Modern lifestyles: reason for heart diseases
The number of women who are physically inactive and face the risk of heart diseases.
It tries to show that the biggest lifestyle risk that leads to cardiac issues is the physical
inactiveness. It shows that 60% of women are exposed to facing threats of heart issues
whereas only 54% men suffer from heart diseases. The women in Australia above the age of
18 do not participate actively in the activities related to physical indulgence. In this article it
is advised that women should include little physical activities like climbing the stairs and
indulge into light weight activities rather than indulging into exercise (Gupta, Aroni &Teede
pp. 391-405). Therefore, it can be analysed that the article focuses only on women and shows
the importance of light weight physical activities and neglects the help that can be attained by
performing exercises on daily basis. The modern lifestyles are known to show the inactive
patterns of lifestyles that are led by the population of the modern times is leading and this
leads to an increase in the diseases related to heart.

6CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
Sedentary activities: cause of heart diseases
An insight into the number of people who are at the risk of heart related diseases due
to the sedentary behaviour patterns. The Australian population is inclined to sit and perform
their activities rather than indulging into activities that demand physical hard work. They
spend hours sitting and that leads the issues in the circulatory system and clogging of blood.
It is shown in the article that those people who perform regular physical activities face lower
risks in the sphere of health. The recommendations are given on the basis physical activities
that will create a difference in the lifestyle of the population (Chew et al. pp. 128-133). A
base for the issues that are faced by the adult population but the exercises that should be
performed to reduce the diseases are not provided which acts as a limitation for the article.
The tendency to sit and perform the tasks that is the contribution of the modern lifestyle leads
to issues heart risks in the population of Australia.
The Australian government report
In this article published by the government of Australia, it is reported that the number
of deaths in the Australian nation is increasing due to the cardiovascular diseases. It shows
that the population is suffering from these issues due to the process of ageing. It fails to
identify the importance of physical activities that lead these diseases (Woodward et al. pp.
719-726). The life threatening conditions are occurring as the people fail to adapt to the
changed lifestyle. It identifies the various causes that are the source of heart diseases that can
be generated due to health and genetic factors. There are some diseases that are faced by an
individual from their birth and are known as congenital heart diseases (Caceres et al. pp. 1-
17). Thus, the strength of the article lies in the fact that it identifies the basic causes of heart
diseases whereas the limitations arise when it fails to provide the recommendations that are
necessary for overcoming these issues. The report shows that the number of people who are

7CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
suffering from the heart diseases in Australia is constantly increasing and that shows that the
lifestyles are the main contributors in the heart risks faced by the Australian population.
WHO report on heart diseases
The article published by the World Health Organization shows that the number of
deaths caused due to physical inactivity are touching two million per year and the number
will increase if attention is not paid to the issue. The organization is focused on bringing
about a revolution in the healthcare sector and tries to eliminate all the diseases that are
existent in the society since a long time. The aim of the published report is to bring into focus
the diseases and disabilities that are caused due to unhealthy lifestyles and physical inactivity.
Sedentary lifestyle is said to be the main cause that leads to many diseases. Individuals lack
the ability and willingness to develop healthy habits that contributes to the chronic diseases
experienced by the individuals (jeanhailes.org.au). The recommendation is provided to
eliminate the disease faced by the population that includes the minimal physical activity for
around 30 minutes every day and implementation of new policies of transportation that
include walk and cycling for people will lead to healthier lifestyles and reduction of sedentary
behaviour (www.who.int). The parks and community centers should focus on introducing
new activities that will generate interest amongst the children as well as the adults to
participate in motor activities that will help them to have a better and healthier life.
Increased heart risks
The journal shows by Chew et al. pp. 128-133 shows that the heart diseases are
caused by the evolving modern practices that lead to coronary diseases. It has provided the
therapies and the remedial measures for the diseases. The journal provides an overview on
the diseases and the benefits that can be attained from the implications of the process of
modern medicines The management of patients who suffer from chronic diseases are

8CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
provided and the implementation that are required to eliminate these diseases. All the medical
guidelines are prescribed in the process of diseases are prescribed whereas it fails to highlight
the importance of physical activity as the prime factor to eliminate and cure cardiovascular
diseases.
The journal by Woodward et al. pp. 719-726 provides the rate of deaths that are
caused by cardiovascular diseases. It provided the data related to mortality and also with the
information that these incidents are constantly increasing. Cardiovascular issues have become
a hazard for the society that is shown in the ratios provided in the journal and the population
irrespective of age is affected by the diseases. The journal provides a clear information on the
sufferings of the population who are facing cardiac issues or have died due to it. Thus, the
information in the journal is a reliable source for the development of research but it fails to
provide any remedy for the diseases.
Recommendations
 Physical activities should be increased that include exercising, regular walks
and gym activities.
 People should resort to healthy diets that will help them to decrease the
cholesterol risks that are the main contributors to the heart risks.
 Stress management activities should be included in the daily regime to
decrease the threats faced by them.
 Regular screenings should be conducted in health care centers to assess the
health conditions of the masses (Clark et al. pp. 35-74).
 Healthy lifestyle activities should be inculcated that include no smoking habits
and good amount of sleep.

9CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
Conclusion
The above report states that physical inactivity leads to issues that are experienced by
the Australian population. These are related to the cardiovascular diseases that are the main
cause of deaths in the Australia. The number of women in Australia are increasingly facing
the issues that can be removed only by adopting simple activities in daily lives. Simple
physical activities can increase the life span of the individuals and improve the health index.
The population is suffering from the heart risks that can only be reduced by adopting healthy
activities by the population. Therefore, it becomes necessary to for the masses to consider
their health as first priority and leads to the wellbeing. Reduction of the cardiovascular
problems can be achieved only when awareness is raised amongst the population.

10CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN AUSTRALIA
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