Essay on Cultural Diversity in Australian Law Enforcement

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Assessment 3 Cultural Diversity
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Introduction
This essay presents detailed arguments regarding the greatest challenges faced by the first arm of
the Australian Criminal Justice System which is an investigative arm. The essay is written to
understand the major challenges faced by the police and prosecutors while investigating any
criminal activity. There are three arms of the criminal justice system such as investigative arm,
adjudicative arm as well as the correctional arm which are facing numerous issues concerning
the cultural diversities in this modern world. There will also be presented the arguments related
to the strategies to be adopted to resolve such problems.
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The Australian Criminal Justice system is considered as the convenient arrangement and
management of the numbers if state- runs bureaucratic organizations that deal with the offenders
as well as offending occurring in Australia. There are three arms of this system such as the
investigative team, adjudicative arm, and the correctional arm. The investigative arm includes
the police and the prosecution authorities along with the investigation agencies such as the
Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission. The adjudicative arm includes the criminal courts
and proceedings and the correctional arm of the criminal justice includes the prisons, probation
and parole services as well as the community corrections (Ayling, 2017).
These all arms are facing numerous cultural diversity issues and the investigative arm has the
responsibilities of investigating the crime, preventing it, arresting and detaining the suspects as
well as maintaining the public order. The police are also held responsible for the response to the
criminal as well as non- criminal emergencies (Pooley, 2017).
The 21st century has brought several numbers of the problems and the issues for the police and
prosecutors while investing the criminal offenses. The large scale population, globalization, as
well as the terrorism, have posed the threat for the crime control which is beyond the scope of
the criminal policing. In currently changing social as well as the cultural climate, the
contemporary policing are highlighted by the uncertainty and diversification of the crime control
problems. The new problems for the police due to the political, economic, technological as well
as the social factors and these problems require innovative and new skills along with the flexible
responses. The existing models of the policing have not identified such attributes to deal with
such problems and challenges.
Despite the community's early promises, the problem-oriented as well as the innovative models
of the policing, the police are in increasingly subjugated or displaced by such other agents as
well as the nodes of the crime prevention and control (Pooley, 2017).
One of the major challenge before the investigative arm is the policing terrorism after the recent
terrorist activities took place in the global place. There is the frequent occurrence of such threats
at different unpredicted locations and the police are not able to provide the security at once at
such places. There are different kinds of attacks taking places at different locations and it has
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become almost impossible to deal with such problems with the existing police system. There is a
need for empowering criminal countering related problems. There is a continuous problem of the
coordination and the cooperation among the police authorities as well as other investigating
authorities (Daly and Sarre, 2016).
While on one side, the policing of terrorism has been the concentration of much attention, on the
other side, the new issues have emerged which are also challenging the existing police practices.
Australia has proven to be the active participant in providing the police as the keepers of the
peace and the trainers in the growth of the democratic policing in the failing states and the war
zones.
The other emerging problem has centered on the increment in the movement of the people as the
refugees from the side of political unrest, climate change as well as poverty. While Australia has
always required to deal with the unauthorized arrival, the problem has been grown into the new
dimensional in current culture. The Australian police are being called upon to play an interesting
role in responding the anti-social behavior as well as different social problems.
The new common and emerging security problems are major issues for the police and the
investigative authorities to handle. None of such security concerns can be solved with the help of
such a traditional model of the policing in Australia. There is a need for new and innovative
skills for the police to develop to fight such kind of problems. The uncertainty is considered as
the hallmark of the new era of the policing along with the diversity of the encompassed
problems. The uncertainty and diversified culture is also a big issue in front of the traditional
policing culture. The police are required to assess the impact of such uncertainty and diversity in
the culture. There is a lack of resources with the police and other investigative agencies to deal
with such criminal activities continuously occurring. It has become a very big problem for the
police authorities because of the lack of resources to deal with such criminal offenses
(McNAMARA, et. al., 2017).
The culture is diverse and this is the era of uncertainties where it cannot be identified that which
activity is going to have occurred and who may be impacted negatively from such activities. The
police are required to keep themselves aware of such issues and respond quickly to such non-
happenings to prevent them from occurring. The country is facing a major issue of terrorism and
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the police are focused on solving such terrorism-related issues. There are other legal and
regulatory issues faced by the police where there are some restrictions over the power of police
and the investigative authorities to deal with the criminals or the suspected people. The police are
facing major issues related to uncertainty and the cultural diversities and there is the requirement
of solving these issues in an effective manner (Kumar, et. al., 2017).
The challenges which are faced by the investigating authority is that the police are subjected to
the changing and complex governance arrangements that make it very complex for focusing on
the clearly defined smaller number of the proactive priorities. Due to the result of the social
change, the role of the police is very broadly defined and the expectations of the police of such
role have also broadened. It has been identified that most of the calls the police receive are not
related to criminal activities. The police have come in pressure due to the failure in other public
services around the problems such as the mental health, people missing from the care homes as
well as supplementing the services of the ambulance. The public has very high expectations from
the police because of the tension between the public as well as the media having the expectations
regarding the police presence (Daly and Sarre, 2016).
The increasing technologies and the cybersecurity systems, the police are facing the problem of
increasing technological environment and there is a need for the technical abilities to deal with
such complex fraud as well as cybercrime activities. The people having such high knowledge
have their career priorities in other fields and they take this police job as the secondary career
options. The police are facing the constant pressures from the higher authorities as well as the
public and they have also not provided with the full powers and numbers of resources to deal
with such problems and meet the expectations (Li and Beckley, 2018).
These are the major issues faced by the police in Australia. The investigative arm of the criminal
justice system is very important and it is necessary to deal with such problems which refaced by
the police, prosecutors as well as other investigative authorities. To solve such concerns, there is
a need for adopting effective strategies. The corrective measures are used by the government and
the authorities to solve such major problems faced by the criminal justice system of Australia
(Kaleck and Kroker, 2018).
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Different major strategies are being adopted by the companies to deal with such problems faced
by the police authorities and criminal investigation agencies. The rehabilitation strategies can be
considered as effective and the important policies to help the police in solving the major
concerns and focusing on the main problems (Ryder, 2016). Mandatory or voluntary
rehabilitation can consider being more effective through modeling the life cycle of criminal
behavior through different kinds of rehabilitative regimes. The police must target the right people
for the rehabilitation to determine the success of such a program. This strategy is helpful for the
police in keeping their focus on other important criminal activities and other issues can be solved
through the rehabilitation programs.
The other strategy that can be adopted by the police to let the crime increase that there is need of
finding the right people who had the adverse childhood experiences which can be the further
cause to the criminal activities and providing them the support that may help them to stay away
from a rigorous path of crime. This kind of strategy can be helpful for police to prevent the crime
at the earlier stage and focus on their main duties and concerns.
Prioritization is also a major option and strategy with the police to allocate the scarce resources
of the police authorities (Morris and Knaap, 2017). The police are required to give the priority to
target the customers who cause to the greatest harm as well as can commit multiple numbers of
the offenses. There is a need for appropriately allocating the resources to deal with the cultural
and diversity issues along with the uncertainty in the current environment. The discipline within
the investigative arm can be maintained through the strategies of prioritization.
The traditional modeling of policing is required to be changed to understand that there is a need
for new and innovative ideas to deal with such kind of problems. The traditional policing has a
lack of such skills and specifications. There is provided training regarding the development of
such skills within the police authorities to understand the new technologies to deal with frauds
and cybercrimes. The major problems faced by the police can be solved through the adoption of
new training and development programs for the police officers (Harkin, et. al., 2018).
These strategies have proven to be very useful to the great extent to deal with such challenges
identified. The criminal activities are increasing day by day and it has become very evident that
to deal with such situations, there is a need for revising the structure of working criteria of police
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officers. There is a requirement of giving more power to police while investigating regarding any
criminal offense. There are potential challenges for the investigative arm of the criminal justice
system and there is a requirement of the effective strategies to address such challenges
effectively. There may be a need for revising the existing strategies to deal with the harm of such
challenges. The police force is required to be more active and trained to deal with the global
challenges of terror attacks and other major terror groups. There is a need for hiring and
recruiting the talented people in the investigating arm or criminal justice system to cope up with
these continuous increasing challenges.
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Conclusion
It has been concluded from this essay that there are different kinds of the challenges faced by the
investigating authorities in Australia. There is the requirement of solving these issues through
effective strategies to ensure that there is no such problem in managing criminal offenses within
the country. There have discussed different challenges faced by police and further, the strategies
have also been discussed which are used to address such issues appropriately. The essay has
highlighted the major concerns faced by the Australian legal justice system along with different
methods to eliminate such problems and strengthen such a system.
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References
 Ayling, J., 2017. Combating Organized Crime Aussie-Style: From Law Enforcement to
Prevention. In Contemporary Organized Crime (pp. 189-212). Springer, Cham.
 Daly, K. and Sarre, R., 2016. Criminal justice system: Aims and processes. Crime and
justice: A guide to criminology, 5.
 Harkin, D., Whelan, C. and Chang, L., 2018. The challenges facing specialist police
cyber-crime units: an empirical analysis. Police Practice and Research, 19(6), pp.519-
536.
 Kaleck, W. and Kroker, P., 2018. Syrian Torture Investigations in Germany and Beyond:
Breathing New Life into Universal Jurisdiction in Europe?. Journal of International
Criminal Justice, 16(1), pp.165-191.
 Kumar, A.G., Ince, E., Chan, T. and Kaur, H., 2017. Criminal v Civil Penalties: The Art
of the Deal with Regulators in Australia.
 Li, Y. and Beckley, A., 2018. Policing with the people in China: implementing the mass
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Research, 19(1), pp.46-60.
 McNamara, L.U.K.E., Quilter, J., Seear, K. and Room, R., 2017. Evidence of intoxication
in Australian criminal courts: A complex variable with multiple effects. Monash UL Rev.,
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 Morris, N. and Knaap, A., 2017. When Institutional Design Is Flawed: Problems of
Cooperation at the United Nations War Crimes Commission, 1943–1948. European
Journal of International Law, 28(2), pp.513-534.
 Pooley, K., 2017. Youth justice conferencing for youth misuse of fire: A child-centered
disaster risk reduction mechanism. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 32(2),
pp.54-59.
 Ryder, N., 2016. " Greed, for lack of a better word, is good. Greed is right. Greed works":
A contemporary and comparative review of the relationship between the global financial
crisis, financial crime and white-collar criminals in the US and the UK. British Journal of
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