This essay examines the pervasive influence of hierarchy and power within the Australian healthcare system. It begins by introducing key sociological concepts and perspectives, including the functionalist, conflict, and symbolic interactionist models, alongside the biomedical model of health. The essay then defines hierarchy and power, exploring relevant theories such as social dominance theory, Karl Marx's theory of socialism, and Weber's social power theory. These concepts are then applied to the Australian context, highlighting disparities in healthcare access and outcomes across different communities, particularly the Indigenous population. The essay discusses the roles of various stakeholders, including political parties, government bodies, and private sectors. It concludes by emphasizing how hierarchy and power contribute to inequalities in healthcare, affecting factors such as access to services, geographical location, and socioeconomic status, and the impact on various groups within Australia. The essay highlights specific examples such as the impact on tobacco use and smoking policies.