This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Australian healthcare system, focusing on the impact of key health policies on nursing practice. It begins with an overview of the Australian healthcare system, highlighting its strengths and challenges, including issues of access and expenditure. The paper then delves into specific policy areas, such as those addressing smoking and obesity, examining their effectiveness and implications for nursing. The discussion includes an assessment of the Australian government's initiatives on mental health, analyzing the impact of these policies on nursing professionals and the broader population. The report emphasizes the crucial role of nurses in disseminating health literacy, promoting awareness, and implementing interventions to improve health outcomes related to smoking, obesity, and mental health. The conclusion reinforces the importance of nursing in driving positive change within the Australian healthcare system and improving the overall well-being of the population. The report uses APA format, incorporates research articles, and addresses the assessment criteria set by the Institute of Health & Management.