Identifying Autism's Impact on Society: NHS Case Study Research Report

This research report, presented as a case study on the National Health Service (NHS), investigates the multifaceted impact of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on society. The report begins by defining autism, outlining its characteristics and potential effects on individuals' psychological, emotional, and overall well-being. It then formulates research objectives and questions to guide the investigation, including understanding the concept of autism, analyzing its societal impact, identifying causes and potential solutions, and evaluating the role of the NHS. A critical review of key references provides a comprehensive overview of the existing literature, exploring the concept of autism, its societal impact on families and education, potential causes, and the role of the NHS in providing support through various interventions such as communication and social interaction skills. The report also details the research methodology, including factors influencing project selection and appropriate research specifications. The report aims to provide a detailed analysis of the impact of Autism on society through the lens of the NHS, providing recommendations for further consideration.

Research Project

Table of Contents
TITLE:.............................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Formulate and record possible research project outline specifications............................1
1.2 The potential factors that contribute to the process of research project selection............2
1.3 A critical review of key references...................................................................................2
1.4 A research project specification.......................................................................................5
1.5 An appropriate plan and procedures for the agreed research specification......................5
..........................................................................................................................................................7
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
2.1 Match resources efficiently to the research question or hypothesis.................................7
2.2 Undertake the proposed research investigation in accordance with the agreed specification
and procedures......................................................................................................................11
2.3 Record and collate relevant data where appropriate. .......................................................1
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................3
3.1 Use of appropriate research evaluation technique for study............................................3
3.2 Analysis and interpret results for determining original specifications.............................4
3.3 Make recommendation and further area for consideration.............................................13
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................14
Covered in PPT ....................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15
Online ............................................................................................................................................16

TITLE:
“To identify the impact of mental health (Autism) of people on society”. A case study on
National Health Service.
INTRODUCTION
Mental health includes psychological, emotional and well-being. It impact how a person
think, act and feel (Pellicano, Dinsmore and Charman, 2014). It also aid how an individual
handle tension, related to others and make choices. It is essential at each and every stage of life,
from adolescence and childhood. For this research report, selected mental health Disease is
Autism which is a spectrum disorder.
1.1 Formulate and record possible research project outline specifications.
Autism is referred as a main mental health disease that highly impact on individual's
health. It is a spectrum disorder or condition which is faced by people. The characteristics and
symptoms of Autism can present themselves in a different variety of combination, from mind to
serve. Person with such type of diseases may also exhibit various traits such as difficulty in
expressing requirements, insistence on sameness, difficulty in mixing with others, spine objects
etc. All these are highly impact on people on society in direct manner (Adeyanju, 2012).
Aim:
“To investigate the influence of Autism on society”. A case study on National Health
Service.
Research Objectives:
 To understand the concept of Autism disease.
 To investigate the impact of Autism on Society.
 To identify the cause of Autism and ways to overcome such disease. To analyze the role of National Health services in regards to Autism disease.
Research Questions:
 What are the concept of Autism disease?
 What are the impact of Autism on Society?
 What are the cause of Autism and ways to overcome such disease?
 What are the role of National Health services in regards to Autism disease?

1.2 The potential factors that contribute to the process of research project selection.
There are different important factors which are required by researcher to select research
project. In this, chosen topic is to identify the impact of mental health (Autism) of people on
society. For this different factors and process play vital role which are determined as under:
Introduction: At this stage, researcher describe project, aim, objectives and questions
which will support them to complete each activities of research in accurate and proper manner.
Literature review: It is another important process which is used by the researcher to
collect accurate and relevant information about the topic (Kopetz and Endowed, 2012). Main
purpose of this section is to analysis area of prior scholarship to prevent duplication of effort.
Methodology: This is another essential and main section that help an investigator to
select research project. There are different kinds of methods which support an investigator to
collect accurate amount of data from the respondents.
Data analysis and interpretation: In this process, data analysis will be done with the
assist of thematic analysis. It is useful analytical tool which help an investigator to draw valid
conclusion for the research.
Conclusion and recommendation: It is introduced as a last section of the project which
include entire summary related to the field of study. As a part of recommendation, some
suggestion are given to the company or researcher to overcome issue related to the project.
Therefore all these are identify as a main process of research project. In order to complete
all these activities different factors are required by the researcher which are determined as under:
Cost: It is one of the main factor which is needed by investigator to complete each and
every activity of research in allotted amount of cost (Neary, Gilmore and Ashburner, 2015). For
completing all activities researcher need approximately 30 - 40 dollars.
Time: It is an another factor which is also require by an investigator to complete all
research activities or work in given time period.
Communication: This is another important and effective factor which help a researcher
to accomplish better outputs for research.
1.3 A critical review of key references.
Literature review is a systematic, reproducible and explicit method for evaluating,
identifying and synthesizing the available body of recorded and completed work produced by
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scholars, researchers and practitioners. In this section all objectives and questions of research are
address in proper manner which are determined as under:
The concept of Autism disease
According to Kristeen Cherney and Jill Seladi-shulman, (2018); Autism Disorder
Spectrum is a neuron-developmental disorder in which a person behaves like a child but it's body
is developing according to the change. It is a rigid neurobehavioural condition which includes
disability of a person in performing its tasks. Children which have this disease often have
troubles in communicating with others. They also find it more difficult to understand the feeling
and thinking of others. They feel hard to express themselves either by communication or by
gestures, touch or facial expression. The child becomes very sensitive in this disease and thus
they find it more difficult to keep there life as normal. They feel anxious with the smell, sound,
touch, sights etc. which are normal for others. Children suffering from this disease have some
repetitive actions such as rocking, pacing or hand-flapping. The behaviour of such people is
difficult to predict. They can provide unusual response to others, their behaviour is strange
towards the objects, they can become angry in changing their normal routine and also they can
harm themselves. The people suffering with autism are immature with their minds. But they can
develop their skills in some certain areas such as drawing, creating music, solving maths
problems or memorizing facts (Mukaetova‐Ladinska, 2012). Due to this, when they may be
competed with the average or more than average person in the reports their performance shows
better results every time. There are mostly five types of autism in people which are stated as
below:
 With or without intellectual impairment.
 With or without language impairment.
 Associated with a known medical or genetic condition or environmental factor.
 Associated with another neuron-developmental, mental or behavioural disorder. With catatonia.
The impact of Autism on Society
According to Marina Sariss, (2017), autism has a severe impact on the society. . Since
this disease is mostly found in the starting life span of child. Therefore it has brutal consequences
in the society. The areas of society which are impacted through this disease are family of patient,
education sector etc. In family, the most impacted moment is the cost of treating the disease.
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Since the child is found with this disease in the initial stage therefore it becomes crucial for the
families to support such child. The disease with child requires a lot of money from its childhood
until it becomes adult. Therefore it can be said that this disease requires a lot of financial support.
In the education sector, the teacher is sometimes not able to understand the issue with the child.
To make their affect on such patients teachers force them to do normal behaviour as other's do.
Therefore, the child feel helpless while treated by the teacher (Karst and Van Hecke, 2012). This
impacts negatively on education of a child. The society will become less workable due to this
disease. Although there is less number of people having such disease but still it negates the
skilled workforce of the country. In UK, the number of autism patients is increasing regularly,
therefore the society of the country feels feared when they saw their child suffering from such
disease.
The cause of Autism and ways to overcome such disease
Since autism comes from the childhood therefore it is necessary for the researcher to
identify the causes of this brutal disease. There are many causes of this disease such as :
 Rubella (German Measles) in pregnant mother.
This is one of the biggest reason of spreading such disease. Almost 90% of the disease
are spread due to the heredity characters. The heredity also includes the disease which the mother
have at the time of pregnancy. The pregnant mother should keep in mind that any type of disease
at the time of pregnancy can cause a serious impact on the child. It can happen because infant is
quite a simple target for such virus. Therefore mother should keep its health safe and secure so
that the child will not survived form the disease.
 Tuberous sclerosis:
This is a disease in which a rare virus grow in the brain or other vital organs of a child.
This disease also spread through the genes of mother. If mother gets ill with Tuberous sclerosis
than there is the chances of getting such virus into the womb. This type of virus stays in many
days or years in the body of child and shows its impact on the behaviour of child. There is only a
single way to overcome such disease. The mother should focus on to protect itself from any of
the disease while pregnancy. Apart from that, it can also use vaccination for the child.
The role of National Health services in regards to Autism disease
National health services is an independent organization in UK which is responsible in
taking care of the lives and health of people in UK. The role of NHS in autism is simple and
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clear. NHS suggests that there is no treatment for this disease but still the patient can help itself.
The trust suggests that there are many interventions in the development of a child which can be:
 Communication skills: This skill is taught to them with the help of pictures, images
sounds etc. With the help of this, it has become easier for the autistic patients to have
proper communication with normal person. The person who is affected from autism
always suffers in communicating properly with the normal person.
 Social interaction skill: The patient who have learned this skill is able to understand the
feelings of others and it can react with them accordingly. It is done with the help of
interaction therapy which supports in understanding the feelings of others.
 Imaginative play skills: In this skill, the patient is imagined to encourage itself to have
proper communication with others.
 Academic skills: These are the skill which are required by any child to pursue its career.
These skills includes education such as reading writing and calculations. These skills are
taught by regular practice and sessions (Ludlow, Skelly and Rohleder, 2012). The
sessions are managed by highly specialized teachers which are familiar with such
patients.
1.4 A research project specification.
Research project specification includes different methods of research which help an
investigator to collect accurate and relevant amount of data from the respondents. In this,
primary research is most essential which will assist investigator to complete each activities of
research such as section of topic, developing aims and objectives, literature review,
methodology, data analysis and interpretation etc. All these are more effective and valuable
process which will also help a researcher to accomplish researcher objectives within given time
period.
1.5 An appropriate plan and procedures for the agreed research specification.
This is important and essential part which will support an researcher to identify accurate
time of completing research activities in given time duration (Weizenbaum, 2017). For this,
Gantt chart is identified as one of the main and effective tool which help an investigator to
identify opening and closing time of research activities.
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TASK 2
2.1 Match resources efficiently to the research question or hypothesis.
There are different resources such as time, cost, communication etc. All these are highly
essential and effective for the researcher to answer all research questions or hypothesis in well
planed manner. In this different research methods are used by the researcher including primary
and secondary sources, qualitative and quantitative, research approach, philosophy, design,
questionnaire, time scale and many other (Linton, 2014). All these methods are highly essential
and important for the investigator to achieve better results and output for the research as well as
accomplish long term goals for the field of study. Research design essentially act as an effective
framework as well as blueprint also for organizing any research activity. It describe all the main
details of the process that is necessary and useful for the researcher for obtaining the data that is
required to structure and solve research issue in more effective manner. It is essential and
important for the investigator to accomplish better and effective outputs in effective manner.
Research Onion Framework
Research Onion is used in order to explain the research methodology used by the
researcher with the research onion framework (Stendal and Balandin, 2015)
(Mount and Dillon, 2014). This approach is used by starting from the data collection to the
pragmatism part of the research onion. This framework is divided into twelve parts. These are
discussed as under:
Research Philosophy:
Research Philosophy is a large topic and it deals with the source, nature and development
of knowledge by the researcher. In other words, it can be said that the ways by which the
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researcher collects, analyses data related to the research topic. Research Philosophy is 2 types
which is Positivism, Pragmatism, and Interpretivitism. The type of research philosophy used in
this research is Pragmatism because it is compatible with all other methods of research and can
be easily used. It is more essential and important for the researcher because it provide accuarte
data about the research. As this method is focused on using the theories, models, and frameworks
in order to find out solutions for the issues.
Research Approach:
Research Approach can be defined as the plans and procedures setup to conduct the
research. It also defines the approach which will be used in order to complete the research. The
Research Approach is divided into three parts which are Deductive Research Approach,
Inductive Research Approach, and the Abductive Research Approach. In this research,
Deductive Research Approach is used because it will help in achieving the objectives of the
research. This approach is concerned with developing a hypotheses which is mainly based on
existing theory. The use of questionnaires will be done in order to understand the issue and
address the problems. Under deductive approach, existing theories are applied to a situation in
order to judge a situation (King and Murphy, 2014).
Research Strategy:
A Research Strategy is a step by step plan of actions that gives the direction to conducted
the research in a systematic and scheduled way. The research strategy is can be divided into
many parts and these are the surveys, case study, questionnaires, observations. Among all, the
techniques used in this research is surveys and questionnaires as they help in acquiring proper
and related information about the topic. It also helps in focusing on the relation between the
research issue and observations coming by doing the research. It provides strong relevance of the
results came from the research which can also be applied and the impact of that situation can also
be pre considered by the researcher and the person using the research in future.
Research Choice:
It defines the way in which the data is used by the researcher for completing the research.
The methods used in research choice are the qualitative and quantitative approach and the choice
in between them depends upon the type of research. In this research, qualitative approach is used
in order to collect the information regarding the research. In addition to this, this method also
provides an in depth analysis of the research (Barrett, 2015). Quantitative Approach is used in
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case when calculations are needed but in this research, there is no need of numbers and figures so
qualitative research is used.
Time Horizon:
After Research Choice comes the Time Horizon, in this part of research, estimated length
of the time period which will be taken up for completing the research is fixed. Not only the
research but also it helps in analysing the time period for completing different activities in the
research. Gantt Chart is considered as the most appropriate time horizon technique which will
help the researcher in completing the research activities in time. The progress of the research can
also be measured by comparing the actual work with the desired work.
Techniques and Procedures, and Research Instruments:
In Research, the most important part is the collection of relevant and accurate data which
is related to the topic of research. For completing the research, the researcher also makes use of
several instruments, techniques. In the research, both primary and secondary data can be used.
The instrument used in case of primary data is the questionnaire and in case of secondary data
the use of books and journals is done (Reed and Osborne , 2012). In this research, primary data is
used for collecting accurate and reinvent information about the topic. For this questionnaire is
done which will be essential in accumulating valid and reliable data about the field of study. It is
so because large number of people can be covered with the help of questionnaire which the
interviews cannot do. Another reason for using it is that it is less time consuming and provides
the accurate information about the research which can be collected through large amount of data.
Data Sources:
Data Source refers to the point from where the data comes in. There are two sources of
collecting the data. These are the primary source and the secondary source. Secondary data are
collected from books or through any other published sources. These data are also based upon the
theoretical arguments. The primary data can be collected by making use of questionnaire in the
research. In this research, the use of both the methods is done.
Research Sampling:
In Research, Sampling is a method in which a group of people, objects, or items are taken
from a large number of population. The sample taken will be the representative of whole of the
population. The use of sampling is done in order to draw conclusions for the research. The
research sampling is also of two types which are convenience and non convenience sampling. In
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Non convenience Sampling, the method used in this research is Random Sampling (O’Dell,
2016). It is used because of it not require more amount of cost of the researcher and also
provides good results as compared to other method of sampling.
Research Ethics:
The Research Ethics means that the research must be done in a proper way and all the
information provided in the research are accurate and true. The details provided in the research
are not recorded from any unknown source. In addition to this, the research is also done to used it
for a legal purpose not for any illegal one. Finally, the results must be shared with only those
people who have their particular interest in the research.
Research Limitations:
The main limitation that arises in the research is the completion of the research in a
timely way and how the researcher can increase the number of respondents used in the research.
For the completion, the researcher was provided with the time limit to complete the tasks. As an
limitation, time is founded as the limitation which is made by many of the researchers.
Research Reliability and Validity:
It is also an important part of the research which the researcher has to take into
consideration. It helps the researcher in getting known about the reliability and validity of the
research on which he is working. So in this research for making the data reliable and valid for a
long time, the use of questionnaire is done. It is so because the data collected through
questionnaire is the directly collected through respondents and according to those results, the
research is completed.
Research Budget:
Research Budget can be defined as the amount which the researcher will incur in course
of completing the research. In this research, the methods used for completing the research are
economical and does not costs much to the researcher (Sims, 2016). Usually these costs are
estimated on the basis of historical costs, price quotations, etc. for determining the price of the
research. The Budget will include all the direct and indirect costs that the researcher incurs on
conducting the research.
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