Engineering Project Preparation: Foot Dust Vacuum Machine Review

This literature review explores the development and technology behind automatic foot dust vacuum cleaning machines, addressing the limitations of current dust control methods. It traces the evolution of vacuum cleaners from early manual devices to modern electric and centrifugal models, highlighting key technological advancements like suction technology and filtration systems. The review also discusses factors influencing the choice of vacuum cleaners, such as traffic volume, carpet type, filtration efficiency (including HEPA filters), price, quality, and durability. The ultimate goal is to provide a foundation for the development of an efficient automatic foot dust vacuum cleaner suitable for various environments like homes and hospitals, improving hygiene and reducing respiratory health risks.

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LITRATURE REVIEW OF AUTOMATIC FOOT DUST VACUUM CLEANING MACHINE
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Abstract
The literature review is about a project to manufacture an automatic foot dust vacuum
cleaning machine so as to address the inability of the current foot dust devices to control the
escape of dust into the rooms and hospitals. The automatic foot dust vacuum cleaner works on
the same principality of comtemporary vacuum cleaners and therefore, the development will be
based on many suction technological principle.
Introduction
The major household contaminant is dust and is always hard and tiresome to do cleaning
everyday leading to the accumulation of dirt that eventually become harmful to the health of the
occupants by causing respiratory disease such as asthma and coughing. Many at times, dust is
collected around the house, hospitals and many buildings as a result of people walking in,
children playing and other activities within the home that cause the collection of the specks of
dust. The change of human lifestyle and technological advancement has improved the interior
decorations, and need for improvement of individual’s health have become essential aspects of
human life, calling for the need of reducing the workforce used in cleaning. Several methods
such as using doormat have been usedas ways of reducing the amount of dust that escapes into
the house during entry of a person into a house; however, the issues have not been fully solved as
the models are not efficient in capturing all the dusts and preventing the dust from escaping into
the house. Therefore, to address the dust collected at the door calls for the need of automatic foot
dust vacuum cleaner that will trap and filter all the foot dust without the use of more human
energy.

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Literature Review
Specks of dust are thefine particles that originate from the soil and are always lifted into
the house and other places through wind, volcanic eruptions, and pollution (Simington 2017,
p.11).However, in most cases human beings and pets are the major carrier of dust into the house
through their feet as they gain entry into the buildings. Foot dust removal dates back to the
ancient days when it was perceived that going into a house or a room with dirty feet was an
indication of carrying the bad omens collected outside into a home (Weber 2013, p.120). These
believeare also in confirmation with the Christianity believe of the Christ’s message to thetwelve
disciples to dust off their feet whenever they were not received in some places. Consequently,
the Islamic teaching also dictates that all the worshipers leave out the shoes and wash their feet
before going into the mosque as a sign of holiness and cleanliness. Therefore apart from the
health aspects, religious beliefs also play primary reason for the need for automatic dust vacuum
cleaner machine.
Types of Foot Dust Cleaners
Doormats are fibers or cloths placed on the doors to wipe away the dust and dirt from the
soles of people before entering into a house. The mats are always efficient on wet bottoms of
shoes since they dry up the foot by absorbing in the moisture, however, on dirty feet, a large
percentage of dust particles always escapes into the house leading to accumulation of dirt, that
when breathed in effect the respiratory system of the occupants.
Static doormator dusters are the static dusters are always placed on the door and one
stepson before entering a house. Unlike the normal doormat, the static dusters are designed in a
way that pulls dust and dirt from the soles of people through the use of electrostatic fibers
(Furlan et al. 2017, p.232). The static doormat is more efficient than the normal door map as the

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former has the capability of capturing and absorbing both the dust particles and moisture leaving
less percentage of escape. However, large proportion of dust still escapes the static duster,
therefore, leading to the need of inventing and improving the automatic foot dust vacuum
machine that will ensure that about 99.5 percent of dusts are tapped before an individual goes
into a house.
Evolution of Vacuum Cleaner
First, we need to understand what is a vacuum cleaner is: vacuum cleaner is an electronic
or motor devices that use both electricity or air pump, known as a centrifugal fan to create a
partial vacuum enabling the suckling up of dust and dirt from surfaces such as floor and
draperies (DeGiacomo ,Patrizi & Sardina 2013, p.120). Similarly, the automatic foot dust
vacuum cleaning machine is a device designed to clean the foot dust and is widely applicable in
shops, computer centers, homes, hospitals and many other places that housekeeping is essential.
Foot dust cleaning is an ancient activity that consisted of washing of the feet before
entering into a house or tapping the dust on the doormats. The process of cleaning the feet is seen
as tiresome and time-consuming that makes some playful children omit the procedure, thereby
carrying with them the dust into the house (Leppanen et al. 2016, p.249). The accumulation of
these dusts is harmful to the well being of the occupants of the house, as the earth forms the basis
of the effects such as respiratory disease (Lippman, Cohen, & Chen 2015, p.510).
The automatic foot dust vacuum cleaning machine invention goes back to the early days
when people used to pick up rugs and shake out dust to make them clean. Daniel Hess of West
Union, who invented a hand operated carpet cleaner in 1860, first solved the problem of the
workload: the device operational principle was stirring up the rug debris with spinning brushes,
and then pushing the debris into a collection container using bellow. In 1868, Ives McGaffey of

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Chicago improved the Haves model and called it Whirlwind, unlike Hess’s devise, the whirlwind
used a belt system for operation hence made it easier to use(Harvey 2017,p.135) However,
whirlwind required two people because it was bulky, and one had o turn the trunk while pushing
the device over the carpet, rug, and floor.
Due to that major disadvantage of a whirlwind in 1876 Melville Bissell invented a
device that could be mechanically operated by one person however it was still full of work out.
In the year of 1898, John Thurman of St.Loius came up with a gas-operated machine that was
capable of blowing away debris in a cyclone and into a container (Beloglazov &
Beloglazova2017, p.587). However, the device’s patent was cancelled in court aftera judge ruled
that it was not a vacuum cleaner. The first motored vacuum cleaner came into existence in 1901,
when introduced by Herbert Booth. The Booth’s device was also powered by gas and depended
on the horse and buggy for movement and was the first to use the principle of suction by creating
a vacuum with the floor(Azadbakht, Kiapey&Jafari 2014,p.81). During the operation, a seal is
formed with the surfaces in the device opening thus creating a space that pulls up the debris. This
is the concept that most of the today’s vacuum cleaners apply.
In 1907, James Spangler who was a janitor was always affected by the dust during the
cleaning process, and therefore invented a vacuum cleaner that had a pillowcase, to receive
clouds of dust and dirt (Adgateet al.2013, p.239). The device was later developed to e portable
and electric cal. The technological advancement has seen the development of various vacuum
cleaners in today’s market.
TheTechnology Principle behind Vacuum Cleaner Machine
The today’s principle of vacuum cleaning machines depends on thevariations of what the
basis of vacuum cleaner technology that has been for a long time and has been improved for

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quite a long period. The 1900’s vacuum cleaner machines consisted an upright and a canister
models that used a porous bag for collecting small particles of soil. In 1980, Dyson invented a
vacuum free canister known as cyclone also known as inertial separation technology. The
Dyson’s vacuum machines operated on the basis of centrifugal force to differentiate dust from
the air and then pushing all the dirt in a high-velocity spiral path into a collection cylinder (Han-
Geol 2016, p.9). Apart from the inertial separation technology, filtration is also an essential part
of the technological development. Filters are used in capturing dust in many vacuum cleaners,
and currently different filters have been developed to bring differences in the performance of the
machines such as panels, bags, pockets pleated or un-pleated and various capacities.
How to Choose a Vacuum Cleaner
Foot dust vacuum cleaner machine has the same principle as other dust vacuum cleaners,
and therefore, the factors determining the choice of the best device applies to all. The factors
include the amount of traffic going into the room and carpet soil, vacuum cleaner performance,
filtration rate, price of the device, quality and durability and capacity of the machine.
Traffic and Carpet Soils
The choice of foot dust vacuum cleaner machine will depend on the amount of traffic in a
house and the type of carpet soil. The people’s shoes and pets bring about most of the soils in the
carpet, and therefore the number of the people and the pets define the amount of dust and soil
found in the carpet. The dust and soil tend to have sharp edges that act like sandpaper to bend the
carpet fibers, thereby making the fibers to absorb light rather than reflecting resulting in the dirty
look all the time. With the synthetic fiber carpet and high traffic that results in large amount of
soil accumulation in the carpet, a vacuum cleaner with aggressive bristles on the revolving brush

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makes the best choice (Tajik &Majzadea 2014, p.48). However, a vacuum cleaner with dense,
stiff bristles and better bar functioning are excellent as the devices capable of bringing the dry
soils up from the carpet pile to eases the brushing is excellent.
Vacuum Cleaner Performance
Every vacuum cleaner has different cleaning ability, and therefore, the performance is a
critical aspect of choosing the best vacuum cleaner. The choice will revolve whether one wants
to use water or the airflow to remove dust from the feet of the occupants and the amount of
power consumption.
Filtration
Filtration is also an important factor as the ability of the cleaning machine depends on the
capability of the vacuum cleaner to retain the soils, and fine particles picked up. When the
filtration of a device is very poor or low, the particles have a high probability of escaping
through the vacuum cleaner into the house and settle down as dust (Kim &Ryu 2014, p.520). The
modern filters are made up of paper, coal water, synthetic fabric materials such as HEPA,
therefore, in situations such as hospitals that have high traffic need vacuum cleaners that have
high filtration such as HEPA filter, that have the capability of removing about 99.97% of dust.
Price of the Machine
Product’s price is always a determiner of choice during purchasing; however, the price
does not reflect the quality of vacuum cleaner. The price is determined by the brand, technical
aspects and the time of introduction into the market versus those devices that have proved quality
over for a long period (Ahmad, Wyna& Clarkson 2013, p.236). The number of filters in the
vacuum cleaners also determines prices.

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Quality and Durability
Every device’s worth is determined by the value and the amount operational time as these
features dictate the rate of replacement. Vacuum cleaners that are of high quality tend to last
longer than the ones with poor quality and the services also differ in the same manner. The
quality depends on the solidness of the components rather than the flimsy or brittle appearing
materials. Another factor that determines the quality is the amount of noise produced by the
vacuum cleaner during the operation: a good vacuum cleaner should produce considerable noise
such as about 50 decibels that allow the occupant to hear the doorbell. Also, the price is too
another factor for evaluating the quality of a device as the cheaper ones tend to have shorter
durability and poor performance than the expensive ones. Busy places such hospitals need to
have more durable devices than a house with a single occupant since the amount of foot dust
differs.
Capacity of the Machine
The size of a vacuum cleaner is determined by the size of the dust bag or cap, therefore
the more significant the bag, the less often the bag needs to be changed. Large institutions that
have high traffic number needs a large bag that is capable of holding a more massive amount of
soil and dust for quite a longer time than a house with a single occupant. The capacity of the
vacuum cleaner also determines the storage space, hence small portable automatic foot dust
vacuum cleaning machine is more appropriate for the homes with fewer storage capacities
(Leppenen et al. 2014, p.252). These bags are of two types such as the disposable and non-
disposable: these factors also affect the choice of the vacuum cleaner as they determine the
maintenance cost of the devices.

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Conclusion
Automatic foot dust vacuum cleaning machine is a project that will work on the
basis of the existing vacuum cleaners and therofre the success will eventually help in
reducing the effect of respiratory diseases that results from the dust accumulated in the
rooms. The success in the manufacturing of the device will also reduce the work load and
time taken in cleaning the foot dust of many people , both in homes, computer centers
and hospitals.

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List of References
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Han-Geol, S, Man-Seung, H, Hyun-Jin, A, Jaehyuck, K, & Young-Cheol, L 2016, 'Efficiency
Enhancement of a Low-Voltage Automotive Vacuum Cleaner Using a Switched Reluctance
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Weber, SR 2013, '"Shake Off the Dust of Thy Feet": The Rise and Fall of Mormon Ritual
Cursing', Dialogue: A Journal Of Mormon Thought, 46, 1, pp. 108-139, Academic Search
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