CE 2: Automatic Star Delta Star Converter Project Report, GTU, 2017

This report details a student's Career Episode 2 (CE 2) project on an automatic star delta star converter for induction motors, undertaken at Gujarat Technological University in 2017. The project aimed to save energy by automatically switching an induction motor between delta and star connections based on load. The report covers the project background, objectives, the student's role in leading the team, hardware selection, circuit design, and responsibilities. The student highlights the application of engineering knowledge, including the principles of induction motor operation and the implementation of a microcontroller for automated switching. The report includes calculations, identifies issues related to energy loss in motor operation, and proposes solutions. It also discusses collaborative work, project review, and the potential for innovation in energy-saving applications. The project demonstrated the feasibility of the automatic converter, offering a practical approach to energy efficiency in industrial settings.

COMPETENCY
DEMONSTRATION
REPORT
Career Episode 2
DARSH PATEL

CE 2.1 Project Information
Name of the project: Automatic Star Delta Star Converter for Induction MOTOR
Location of the project: Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology Surat
Project Duration: 25th April 2017
Organization: Gujarat Technological University
Role and Designation during the time: Team Member
CE 2.2 Project Background
CE 2.2.1 Characteristics of the project
CE 2.2.2 Objectives developed for the project
Lack of power is the biggest concern for India as it is a developing country and supply is
not meeting the peak demand of the population. I had identified this as an issue for the
development of my country and concerning this situation, I had developed this project that will
be helpful in saving energy. We had designed the project in a manner that whenever the load
reaches to 50% of the full load, this automatic system will interchange the connections and allow
the motor to be operated in STAR connection and thus, save energy. This will be helpful in
saving energy without affecting the output of the motor. The objective of this project was to
interchange the DELTA to START connection automatically and the working will be as “If CT
sense motor load less than 50% to full load, micro-controller will convert delta mode to star

mode. While if motor load more than 50% to full load, micro-controller will either convert star
mode to delta mode or remain same in mode if there is already existence of delta mode.”
CE 2.2.3 My area of work
I leaded the team in this project and try to manage the activities involved in this project as
per the ability of my team mates. I managed all the shopping of the electrical components and
established the as per the designed network of the circuit. I had developed the following circuit
diagram for the execution of this project:
Figure 1: Block Diagram of Power Circuit

I had made all the wiring and connection of this automated induction motor based on the
following overall project diagram:
Figure 2: Circuit Diagram
I had selected the following hardware for the project:

16*2 LCD
P89V51RD2 Microcontroller
IC ADC 0808
Transistor BC547
Max 232
Resistor
Diode 1N4007
Capacitor
CE 2.2.4 Project Group
Figure 3: Team members Involved in this Project
CE 2.2.5 My responsibilities throughout the project
I was responsible for assigning jobs in the different sectors to each member and
motivating them to execute the project as per the planning made in the earlier stage. Hardware

assembling and circuit designing was my sector of work and rest of the team members were
accomplishing the task in sector other than hardware. I had to develop the circuit that is very less
complex and easy to assemble the components as per the diagram. I had responsibly took the
leadership and managed the constraints of the project in well defined manner. I had to evaluate
the progress of the project and monitor that every activity is being accomplished in an effective
and efficient manner.
CE 2.3 Distinctive Activity
CE 2.3.1 Comprehending the theory of the project
Energy crisis will always be a load for the economy for a developing country and
induction motors are the most applicable motors for the operational activities in the industries. I
show my concern on this topic and if some energy is saved from a single motor than its
application within every industry will be helpful in saving lots of power and energy. Induction
motor generally runs in delta mode in its full and light load conditions however, of an automatic
system is established within this system. The motor can be operated at the same current through
reducing the voltage with square root three times and thus, energy could be saved in an effective
and efficient manner.
CE 2.3.2 Engineering knowledge and skills applied in the project
I had been taught that at “working condition”, the induction motor behaves same as that
of “short circuited transformer at the secondary side” as the rotors bars get aligned together and
that resulted in the close path. I had applied my engineering skills to establish Star to delta
conversation in manner to provide low voltage to the induction motor for the start up. I had
utilized the basic property of the induction motor that sates that “when the motor is running at

half load or less than half load, the delta connection results in star.” This will be helpful in
maintaining the current same and reducing the voltage by square root three times and thus, save
energy. I had also kept the provision for the protection of single phasing in manner to protect the
motor from further damage due to faults in any single phase connection.
CE 2.3.3 Accomplishment and task performed
I kept the complexity far away from the project and tried to accomplish the goals and
objectives of the project through allowing every individual in the team to express their views
about the project constraints. It was a team work and my team members had contributed in this
project and supported in the development of a model that can save lots of energy. We had done
research on this project and after gather information, we tried to implement knowledge gathered
in our academics for the successful development of the project.
CE 2.3.4 Identified issues and their solutions
2.3.4.1 Issues
I had identified that induction motors are being utilized in most of the sectors and energy
is getting loss due to inefficient application of the motors. Motors are usually running in delta
mode for both the full load and light conditions that is the major cause behind the extra
consumption of power. Mathematical calculation at the light load condition and full load
condition was another concern for the efficient execution of the project.
2.3.4.2 Solutions
Automatic conversion of the delta to star at the load condition of the induction motor
through the implementation of microcontroller with the circuit could be a helpful measure for
saving the energy. I had calculated the values at the light load and full load condition for the

motor considering the rating of the motor and equipment before executing the project.
Calculations made were:
For light load condition:
Calculation of power:
Pin = √3×VL×IL×cosØ
= √3×415×12.56×0.72
= 6500.26W
= 6.500kw.
About 14 hour the KWH=149.50(unit).
Total KW =109.36+149.50 =258.86 KWH
Charges of one unit=5.65Rs.
Total charge = 258.86× 5.65 = 1462.55 Rs / batch.
Assuming seventy batches per month
Monthly charge =1462.55×70 =1, 02,379.13 Rs / month.
For Full load condition:
Calculation of power
Pin = √3×VL×IL×cosØ
=√ 3×415×16.78×0.85
= 10252.25 W
= 10.25 kW.
About 10 hours the KWH=71.75(unit).

CE 2.3.5 Plan to produce creative and innovative work
At the same power supply energy consumption can be minimized through automatic start
delta star conversion for the power supply in the induction motor. This can be helpful in saving
lots of energy if, it is established in every industry and utilizing this energy for other purpose. I
had found many research posted by the researchers over internet and well read them for the
information about the development of this project. Only my engineering skills were not enough
for this project so, I tried to acquire some of their ideas and added my innovation for the
execution of this project.
CE 2.3.6 Collaborative work
This project could not be started without the help of my team members and guidance of
my professors. I leaded the under the guidance of my professors who always supported and
motivated me to complete the project successfully. This project had many milestones and every
individual had contributed equally in supporting the project execution as there were several
phases too. I had listen to everyone and tried to implement and utilize their idea in this project
that helped the whole team in the development of this system that can be utilized for energy
saving or limiting the energy consumption.
CE 2.4 Project Review
CE 2.4.1 Project Overview
Most of the industrial sector works utilizing the induction motor and that was one of the
reason we opt for this project. This will be an innovative approach for the organizations and
industries to save energy without hampering the performance or output. This project can be a

helpful approach towards energy saving and will be applicable for each industry. This project led
in positive direction and results shown were positive that led to state me that the project was a
successful attempt.
CE 2.4.2 My contribution to work
I had tried to keep my team motivated towards the goals and objective of the project. I
developed the circuit design for the implementation of hardware components within the system
and also assigned the project as a whole. I had also presented the theoretical result of the project
through mathematical calculations and output were approximately same. I managed the shopping
of the hardware and electronic components considering low price and high quality. I was
successful in presenting a model of induction motor that can be utilized through minimum
consumption of energy.