A Comprehensive Literature Review on the Automotive Industry and Cars

This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the automotive industry and the role of cars in the modern world. It begins with a historical perspective, tracing the evolution of cars from early steam-powered vehicles to the current advancements in technology, including gasoline-fueled engines and mass production. The review then delves into the economic implications of the car industry, highlighting its contribution to job creation, consumer spending, and its significance in the global economy. It also addresses the environmental costs associated with cars, such as air pollution and global warming, and explores the industry's response through technological innovations and government incentives. Furthermore, the review examines the current trends and challenges facing the automotive industry, including globalization, technological disruptions, and changing consumer preferences. It discusses the rise of digital transformation, the shift towards service-centric business models, and the increasing demand for on-demand mobility services. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of innovation and adaptability for automakers to succeed in the rapidly evolving automotive landscape, particularly in the context of autonomous vehicles and connected cars, and suggests the need for strategies to address the identified research gaps and future opportunities.

Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW ON CARS 1
Literature Review on Cars
Student’s name
Institutional affiliation

LITERATURE REVIEW ON CARS 2
Cars are vital players in the transport industry in the world today. The continued use of
cars and rising number of vehicles in some nations in all continents of the world is something
that is promising to the engineering sector. Moreover, it has created an avenue for the field of
innovation that is promising to the world of research regarding the improvements in the
development sector. Long in the memorial, horses, donkeys and street carts were the common
means of transport with the improvements in the transport sector we have new brands of cars
namely, Toyota, land cruiser, range rover, Vitz cut the list short. Cars are a major form of
transport and are defined as a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation.
The world most car producer is India having the most extensive collection of pre-owned
cars. Some factors have contributed to making India the best car business nation. Some of these
factors greatly attributed to its geographical location. Superpower nations surround India
including China, Russia, and Austria that provide an excellent source of the market to dispose of
their product. Moreover, the presence of advanced of technology in India is fundamental to the
growing car business. Cars have been a significant stake in key nations in the world.
Developed states like the USA have been on the fore fond to get solutions to strengthen
their defense forces. Advanced machinery like the missile-proof cars; the beast. African
countries on the side are embroiled in problems associated with global warming as a result of the
carbon (iv) oxide fumes emissions from the increasing number of cars on their road ’s. This is
what has been very pivotal in guiding the advances and developments that of the past and present
painted the car industry to be elaborated.

LITERATURE REVIEW ON CARS 3
The history in the development of cars dates a spectrum in ages based on ordinary means
of thrust.This advances are defined and propelled due to the trends in size, outward styling and
value inclinations. 1769 marks the year of the evolution of steam-powered automobile proficient
for human transportation Nicolas-Joseph Cugot initiated this.Isaac de Rivaz in 1808 came up
with the first car that was power-driven by an internal ignition engine ran by hydrogen. 1870
marks the recent advanced technology in the car making an industry. Siegfried Marcus designed
first gasoline-fueled ignited engine, which he assimilated on a pushcart, constructing a
sophisticated four-cycle machine that is the basis of engineering in the current ages.
The knowledge of the hydrogen cell discovered by Christian Friedrich in 1838 and the
involvement of a battery owed its refuge to Jedick; prolific inventor of the electric motor, later
Gaston Plante came up with lead-acid accumulator that is fundamental in 1859. Karl Benz in
1885 came up with petrol or gasoline-fueled automobile. This marks a profound age of
development as is considered the ‘first’ production vehicle; several copies were made with a
single cylinder four stroke engine powered .the automotive. 1903 dates back to the beginning of
car business; model A was produced and sold. Model T of Ford company became an
outstanding mass-produced automobile by 1908.Worth to be appreciated in the 20th century
electrically mechanical automotive was a prevalent way of automotive impulsion, however, there
thrive did not take long as they reduced to position arcade up until the seizure of the current 21st
century.

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The car industry is an industry where technology is pouring in an at an unprecedented
rate; incipient trends are multiplying like vehicles on the roadways at rush hour, some of the
patterns are worth appreciated while others are upsetting, draining into multiple areas. The
corpus usage of motor vehicles was destined to have some unanticipated and undesirable
consequences, of which three cited as traffic congestion, highway accidents, and air pollutions.
Anybody who purchases a car is aware of the importance of cars to the economy. Cars
are on the list of expensive purchases made by a majority of the population, an auto industry that
creates these cars is a vital part of any economy. An economic implication of cars is complex,
but key areas where automobiles harm, or are of substantial help are a walk in the park. Creation
of jobs at automakers and car dealers is one of the avenues. New plants situated in and owned by
foreign automakers are sources of jobs to the inhabitants where they are erected. Transportation
of new cars to merchants and merchandising them to users or customers is an additional venture
for employment.
Cars symbolize a saving goal for many people, a useful asset when engaged as part of
sole proprietor business and end up as a tax-deductible expense. Cars consume fuel which
constitutes a significant expense. Consistent maintenance and repair in the event of an accident
together with insurance policy supported by some governments are operating costs to the owners
and seizable opportunities for secondary business to grow. Auto accessory industry for those
interested to upgrade their cars, in cooperates thousands of people promoting the living standards
of the citizens.

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The environmental cost of cars is inseparable from economic implications. Cars
contribute to 32% of total ecological air pollution added by old cars, environmental initiatives to
reduce the mitigate and clean up caused by cars adopted by various states as incentives such as
tax breaks aimed to compel drivers to buy more efficient fuel cars, is venture costing millions of
dollars with a future to be a source of even saving more money.
The automotive industry is suffering a period of mass interference and revolution. The
changing interests of consumers from ownership-centric mindset to service-centric demand that
is of late blurring the industry lines and intensifying the bounds of the old-style locomotive
industry. Research by world economic forum reported that digital transformation in the auto
space is affecting R&DS, procurement, assembly, marketing and services, China will be the most
attractive market for revenue digitalization.
The major research gaps arise due to mass disruption and transformation facing the
locomotive industry to be discussed in details. Snowballing globalization equals promoting
enhanced complexity and risk. Dramatic shifts incorporated with strategies to take gain of
developing markets is a source of new trials related to global trade and worldwide complete
logistics satisfaction. Secondly, automakers are placed out and not versed need new paths of
efficacy and progress: major OEMs strongly support this have shifted their focus on operation
efficiency, place manufacturing, unremitting improvements and quality advance efforts.
Therefore, this amounts to limited space for tallying costs savings and returns in the long run.

LITERATURE REVIEW ON CARS 6
Thirdly, forceful disruption and innovation due to expansion connected to the car
industry is a disgrace to the industry. The raising need to integrate these innovators into this
automotive industry is fundamental and an outshining strategy. Moreover, a new-fangled
environment of suppliers and dealers and complementary services are underway.
Finally, the shift in consumers’ preference towards ownership is being propelled to
evolve to a transportation service mentality. This increasing need for innovation to enhance
betterment of the customers’ needs is very fundamental .automakers are therefore challenged to
design new ways to get closer to the customer while upholding profitability.
McKinsey argues that automotive revenue pool will ominously increase and line with
toward on-demand mobility services and data-driven service. With the current developments and
emergence of autonomous vehicles and connected cars, the industry is going to be refurbished in
the next 5 to 10 years .therefore it is fundamental for automakers to device ways to support new
prolific topline strategies considering cost efficacies and profitability. The readiness to embrace
and deploy digital supply chain termination approaches will be well equipped to coup up for
success. This project provides a platform to give solutions to the above-raised concerns.

LITERATURE REVIEW ON CARS 7
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LITERATURE REVIEW ON CARS 8
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