MAR029-3 - Specialist Project Proposal: COVID-19 Impact on Aviation

This document is a project proposal focusing on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the aviation industry. It begins by introducing the global impact of the virus and its specific effects on the aviation sector. The proposal outlines major theoretical frameworks discussing the economic and social disruptions caused by the pandemic, including the loss of human life and economic damage. It highlights the industry's efforts to ensure passenger safety through new health measures and emphasizes the importance of international collaboration for border reopening. Key themes include the expected slower recovery of business travel, the need for airlines to re-evaluate their operations and pricing strategies, and potential government involvement in the industry. The proposal details a research plan involving both primary (interviews) and secondary (books, journals, published resources) research methods. The proposal concludes by emphasizing the significant impact of COVID-19 on the aviation industry and the industry's resilience in overcoming past crises.

Preparation for the
Specialist Project
Proposal

Contents
Topic: Impact of Covid-19 on the aviation industry.........................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY.......................................................................................................................................3
Major Theoretical Frameworks.........................................................................................................3
Major Themes....................................................................................................................................4
Research plan (methodology)............................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES....................................................................................................................................8

Topic: Impact of Covid-19 on the aviation industry.
INTRODUCTION
The COVID-19 virus has unfold global without acknowledging borders. It has impacted all
industries, all sectors and all elements of our lives with devastating monetary and monetary
losses and giant uncertainties (Boshkoska and Jankulovski, 2020. Within the spirit of
collaboration, the under chart gathers statistics from global companies representing the
impacted industries. This records is subject to frequent exchange and you're invited to go to
the respectable internet site of every corporation for most updated figures. Rising to the
demanding situations of a crisis is not anything new to airlines and the wider aviation and
tour region. Just because the industry has conquer beyond health epidemics, economic
recessions, unfortunate protection incidents, and other debilitating events, it too will conquer
the COVID-19 crisis. The movements that authorities, industry leaders, and person airways
take all through this era will influence how deep the disaster reaches, how long the outcomes
closing, how quickly the enterprise recovers, to what extent the industry can be converted,
and which corporations will emerge noticeably more potent than their friends.
MAIN BODY
Major Theoretical Frameworks
Since the COVID-19 outbreak began, greater than 2.7 million human beings have died
international due this virus. Researchers have recently envisioned that the world has lost
20.Five million years of existence because of untimely COVID-19 deaths, and this range will
simply preserve to boom (Cai and Luo, 2020). Along with the human tragedy, the crisis has
additionally ended in dramatic damage to the worldwide economic system, exchange, and
mobility. Practically all elements of economic and social hobby had been, and are
nevertheless, disrupted. The fitness, protection and wellness of passengers and team of
workers is the aviation industry’s number one precedence. Airports have delivered many new
health and biosafety measures to assist make sure the fitness and safety of passengers, and
that airport patron experience displays their changing expectancies and addresses their issues.
Airports and airlines are united inside the call for governments to accomplice with the
industry to prepare to restart global connectivity when the epidemiological scenario allows,
and the exceptional international vaccination effort offers a beacon of wish that a go back to
normality is a opportunity within the near future.

Since the first vaccine dose changed into administered in late 2020, greater than 450
million doses were administered throughout extra than one hundred thirty international
locations. The possibility that summer holidays abroad can also take place this yr is much
more likely than ever. Many industry surveys have shown that “vacation deprivation”
combined with an upsurge in self assurance in air journey provided by vaccination and
protection measures ought to bring about the wide variety of humans travelling outside of
their international locations will begin this spring and significantly increase by using mid-12
months (Garg and et.al., 2021). One of the keys to supporting a sustained recuperation could
be the establishment of an interoperable health information trust framework to facilitate safe
border reopening and move-border tour. As such, ACI is supportive of any system so that you
can allow testing and vaccination information to be shared consistently, correctly and in a
manner that protects the personal facts of these that use it. Despite tremendous signs and
symptoms and possibilities for recovery, COVID-19 remains an existential crisis for airports,
airlines and their business partners. In this context, the present day document seeks to
spotlight some key figures in terms of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on airport site
visitors and sales and pathways to restoration.
Major Themes
Business tour will take longer to get better, or even then, we estimate it will only in all
likelihood recover to around 80 percent of prepandemic tiers by 2024. Remote paintings and
other flexible operating arrangements are in all likelihood to remain in some form
postpandemic and those will take fewer company trips (Jong and Soh, 2021). Not handiest
did commercial enterprise journeys take four years to go back to precrisis tiers after the
assaults on the World Trade Center but in addition they had not yet recovered to pre-
financial-crisis tiers whilst COVID-19 broke out in 2020. Therefore, we count on that
because the pandemic subsides, the upward push in enjoyment journeys will outpace the
recovery of commercial enterprise travel. Some carriers are highly dependent on commercial
enterprise travelers—both those visiting in commercial enterprise elegance and those who
book economic system-magnificence seats right before they need to travel. While
entertainment passengers replenish most of the seats on flights and help cowl a portion of
fixed expenses, their typical monetary contributions in net marginal terms are negligible, if
not terrible. Most of the income earned on a protracted-haul flight are generated by using a
small institution of high-yielding passengers, often journeying for enterprise. But this pool of
income-producing passengers has shriveled due to the pandemic.

Overcoming the impact of the pandemic
Airlines have to reevaluate the economics of their operations, especially lengthy-haul flights.
First, a smaller contribution from enterprise site visitors may want to necessitate a specific
pricing common sense. For instance, these days maximum vendors charge factor-to-factor
nonstop flights at a premium. Travelers who fee time over price—usually commercial
enterprise tourists book those nonstop flights (Kabadayi, O’Connor and Tuzovic, 2020).
Leisure travelers, even the ones visiting in premium lessons, are more fee touchy and might
choose an oblique routing. This huge hole among nonstop pricing and connect pricing may
additionally need to slim. Second, decrease commercial enterprise traffic may additionally
require community modifications (Thaichon, 2021). Airlines delivered many flights over the
last few years between hubs and smaller cities, using small-length widebodies along with the
Boeing 787. These flights paintings due to the high-yielding commercial enterprise call for.
With commercial enterprise call for subdued, economics favor large aircraft flying much less
often. Airlines may additionally find that larger plane which includes Airbus A350s or
Boeing 777s—which have decrease unit expenses—end up the bottom of the long-haul
community.
Third, airlines may also study reconfiguring the layout of their cabins to deal with the
extended proportion of enjoyment site visitors. At the only degree, lower business-
magnificence call for might also warrant smaller commercial enterprise-elegance cabins.
Taking this similarly, products can also shift to better cater to top class-amusement
passengers, inclusive of boom of premium-economy cabins or development of enterprise-
magnificence seats greater suitable for visiting as couples or groups.
Ways companies can overcome
As the nation turns into a greater active player—whether or not as a creditor, a direct
shareholder, or as part of the board—airways will discover themselves having to deal greater
intently with the authorities (Pérez-Campuzano and et.al., 2021). Instead of seeing this as a
necessary limit to get right of entry to a lot-wanted budget, airways can deal with it as an
opportunity to form how the arena evolves with a key stakeholder. Airlines can work with
regulators to set standards across a gamut of troubles. These ought to encompass committing
to discounts in greenhouse-gasoline emissions in return for more hard work flexibility;
increasing the cash-on-hand necessities to make airways more resilient in opposition to future
shocks; extra balanced price sharing among airlines and different sectors together with

airports; or modifications within the possession caps to allow more inflows of foreign capital,
lowering the reliance on nation capital in addition down the street.
Research plan (methodology)
Primary research is described as a method utilized by researchers to gather records
without delay, in preference to relying on statistics accrued from formerly completed studies.
Primary studies is only done to cope with a certain trouble, which calls for in-depth analysis.
Conducting interviews is a qualitative studies method to gather statistics and has been a
famous method for ages (Ratnawati, 2021). These interviews may be conducted in individual
or over the smartphone. Interviews are open-ended method which includes dialogues or
interplay among interviewer and interviewee. Conducting face-to-face interview is said to
generate a better reaction from respondents as it's miles a extra private technique. However,
the success of face-to-face interview relies upon heavily on researcher’s capability to invite
questions and his/her experience associated with engaging in such interviews within the past.
The kinds of questions that are used in this kind of studies are on the whole open ended
questions. These questions help to advantage in-depth insights into critiques and perceptions
of respondents.
Secondary research entails the precis, collation and/or synthesis of existing research.
Secondary research is contrasted with number one studies in that number one research entails
the technology of statistics, whereas secondary studies uses number one studies resources as a
supply of records for evaluation. Secondary facts refers to statistics that is accumulated by
way of someone other than the primary person. Common sources of secondary statistics for
social technological know-how encompass censuses, facts accumulated through authorities
departments, organizational information and information that become at the beginning
accumulated for other research purposes (Rugani and Caro, 2020). Secondary information is
the facts that has already been collected via primary assets and made quite simply to be had
for researchers to use for their very own studies. It is a kind of statistics that has already been
collected within the beyond. A researcher can also have gathered the statistics for a selected
venture, then made it to be had to be utilized by any other researcher.
Books are one of the most conventional approaches of collecting information. Today, there
are books to be had for all topics you can consider. When sporting out studies, all you have
to do is search for a book on the topic being researched, then pick from the to be had
repository of books in that vicinity. Books, when carefully selected are an genuine supply of

proper facts and may be beneficial in making ready a literature evaluate. There are a spread
of posted resources available for exclusive research topics (Safonov and Borshch, 2020). The
authenticity of the records generated from those resources relies upon majorly on the author
and publishing company. Published assets may be printed or electronic as the case may be.
They can be paid or free relying on the writer and publishing enterprise's decision.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that there has been a significant level of
impact of Covid-19 on the aviation industry. Rising to the demanding conditions of a disaster
isn't anything new to airways and the broader aviation and tour place. Just because the
industry has triumph over beyond fitness epidemics, monetary recessions, unlucky safety
incidents, and other debilitating activities, it too will overcome the COVID-19 disaster. While
the aviation enterprise has regularly been a target of presidency rules, the COVID-19 disaster
has induced a new suite of loans, mortgage guarantees, salary subsidies and equity injections,
raising issues about competition and the green use of public assets. Past public coverage
interventions inside the aviation enterprise have had specific rationales. Most interventions
have centered aircraft producers. These firms are typically problem to learning-by using-
doing and giant economies of scale, which may additionally cause underneath-investment in
technology, innovation or production facilities and, hence, justify public assist. Public
regulations have additionally geared toward co-ordinating a big range of providers and
unique know-how, and making sure aircraft safety.

REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Boshkoska, M. and Jankulovski, N., 2020. Coronavirus Impact On Global Economy. Annals
of the „Constantin Brâncuşi” University of Târgu Jiu, Economy Series,, 4, pp.18-23.
Cai, M. and Luo, J., 2020. Influence of COVID-19 on manufacturing industry and
corresponding countermeasures from supply chain perspective. Journal of Shanghai
Jiaotong University (Science), 25(4), pp.409-416.
Garg, A. and et.al., 2021. Distribution Shift in Airline Customer Behavior during COVID-
19. arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.14938.
Jong, M.C. and Soh, A.N., 2021. Responsible Recovery from COVID-19: An Empirical
Overview of Tourism Industry.
Kabadayi, S., O’Connor, G.E. and Tuzovic, S., 2020. The impact of coronavirus on service
ecosystems as service mega-disruptions. Journal of Services Marketing.
Pérez-Campuzano, D. and et.al., 2021. Artificial Intelligence potential within airlines: a
review on how AI can enhance strategic decision-making in times of COVID-
19. Journal of Airline and Airport Management, 11(2), pp.53-72.
Ratnawati, E., 2021. The Impacts of Government Policy on Covid-19 to Airlines Liability: A
Case Study in Indonesia. Jambura Law Review, 3(1), pp.72-92.
Rugani, B. and Caro, D., 2020. Impact of COVID-19 outbreak measures of lockdown on the
Italian Carbon Footprint. Science of the Total Environment, 737, p.139806.
Safonov, Y. and Borshch, V., 2020. Economic consequences of COVID-19 and the concepts
of their overcoming.
Thaichon, P., 2021. COVID in the Aviation Industry: Crisis Management, Its Decisions and
Outcomes. In COVID-19, Technology and Marketing (pp. 21-31). Palgrave
Macmillan, Singapore.