Air Traffic Control and Maintenance: MRM, TRM, CRM in Aviation Safety

This report delves into the critical aspects of aviation safety, focusing on Air Traffic Control (ATC), Maintenance, Maintenance Resource Management (MRM), Team Resource Management (TRM), and Crew Resource Management (CRM). It highlights the roles of ATC in directing aircraft, and maintenance teams in ensuring flight safety. The report differentiates between MRM, which emphasizes coordination among maintenance staff, and CRM, which focuses on crew coordination and decision-making. The impact of these management strategies on reducing communication errors and enhancing training programs for aviation personnel is also discussed. Real-world examples, such as the Boeing 737 MAX incident, illustrate how failures in maintenance and crew training can lead to serious accidents. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of integrated training programs to improve safety. It also underlines the need for effective communication between maintenance and crew members to prevent potential disasters, with a focus on how proper training could have prevented the Boeing 737 MAX crash.

Air Traffic Control
and
Maintenance
MRM, TRM AND CRM

Introduction
 Aviation industry has learned a lot from the plane crashes in
the past.
 Recent incidences have showed that it was the lack of
coordination between the air crew members and the grounds
staffs that has led to such accidents (Siddiqui, Iqbal &
Manarvi, 2012).
 Lack of maintenance was also the major factor in it.
 This ppt. is going to address different aspects of Airport
authorities.

Air Traffic Control
 Air Traffic Control or ATC is the
services given by the ground-
based air traffic controller who
has the role of directing the
aircraft on the ground and in
the controlled airspace
(Patankar & Taylor, 2017).
 It can also provide advisory
services to aircraft that are not
in their controlled airspace in
terms of Information and other
type of support to the pilots.

Maintenance
 Maintenance (MX) is also an important aspect in the safety of
the flights.
 These are generally ground based workers that does the
maintenance of flights at regular intervals when they are
landed.
 After every flight there is a security check done by
maintenance team which makes sure that everything is as
per the requirement (Sheikhalishahi, Pintelon & Azadeh,
2016).

Difference between MRM and
TRM from CRM
 Maintenance Resource Management and
Team Resource Management is a training
program of identifying and giving solutions
to the maintenance error in the organisation
(Kim, 2017).
 CRM is the set of training procedures for the
utilisation in the environments where human
errors might have devastating impact.
 MRM involves improving the coordination
between the team members in order to
reduce errors so that safety is promoted
(Shanmugam & Robert, 2015).
 CRM focuses on the decision making,
leadership and the interpersonal
communication between the members in the
cock-pit.

Impact of these application on
aviation safety
 Maintenance resource management
and team resource management
along with Cockpit resource
management all together ensures that
a high level training program is
designed among the people that are
involved in the aviation (Hayward,
Lowe & Thomas, 2019).
 It also helps in reducing the
communication error which is again a
challenge that increases the security
threats.
 All these trainings suggest the
members about how they have to
react in the unwanted situations.

Example of incidents where
training could have helped
 The example of the Boeing 737 is the best example in this regards.
 It was an example where there was failure in the regular
maintenance of the airplane.
 It can be seen that when plane started to come down there was no
memorised checklist hence Quick Reference Handbook has been
used in such critical situation.
 Even when it landed at the Jakarta, Indonesia maintenance was
done where it was found that none of the equipment reported failed
(Campbell, 2019).
 Only after eight minutes of the flight it plunged down into the water
and this time there was no third pilot to save them.

Conclusion
 There are many staffs that are involved in the safety of plane
both at the ground and in the airplane.
 MRM is different from CRM because in MRM there is
coordination that is established between maintenance staffs
that ensures flight safety while in CRM the training involves
better coordination between the staffs in the Crew.
 The Boeing 737 Max could have been saved if proper
training to both maintenance and crew staff had been given
about how to control the situation.

References
 Siddiqui, M. H., Iqbal, A., & Manarvi, I. A. (2012, March). Maintenance Resource
Management: A key process initiative to reduce human factors in aviation maintenance.
In 2012 IEEE Aerospace Conference (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
 Patankar, M. S., & Taylor, J. C. (2017). Risk management and error reduction in aviation
maintenance. Routledge.
 Sheikhalishahi, M., Pintelon, L., & Azadeh, A. (2016). Human factors in maintenance: a
review. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering.
 Shanmugam, A., & Robert, T. P. (2015). Human factors engineering in aircraft
maintenance: a review. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering.
 Hayward, B. J., Lowe, A. R., & Thomas, M. J. (2019). The migration of crew resource
management training. In Crew resource management (pp. 421-447). Academic Press.
 Kim, D. H. (2017). A Human Factors Approach for Aviation Safety. Journal of the
Ergonomics Society of Korea, 36(5), 467-484.
 Campbell, D. 2019. Redline. Retrieved from:
https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/2/18518176/boeing-737-max-crash-problems-human-er
ror-mcas-faa