BA30590E - Managing People and Systems: Theories of Motivation Report

This report delves into the critical role of motivation in managing people and systems within an organization. It begins by emphasizing the importance of understanding individual differences and how effective management systems leverage strengths and address weaknesses to achieve organizational goals. The report explores various motivation theories, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, the need achievement theory, and equity theory, providing insights into their application in the modern workplace. It further examines the contrasting management styles of Theory X and Theory Y, highlighting their impact on employee motivation and organizational performance. The report concludes by reinforcing the significance of motivation in driving employees toward achieving organizational objectives and suggests how these theories can be used to improve employee satisfaction and productivity.

Manging people and
systems
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Table of Contents
Manging people and systems...........................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Discuss theories of motivation and how to apply within the modern workplace...................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6
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INTRODUCTION
Managing people is sometimes considered as one of the most challenging aspects of the
managers responsibility. That every people are different. Every people preference are leadership
and the communication styles that can be different sometimes as their responses are within the
different forms of motivation (Ashta, 2019).Moreover, the great managers always know that
effectively manage the employee by establishing the systems of the management that helps to
leverage the strength as well as weakness clear the vision that how they can contribute for
achieving the goals as well as vision of the organisation. This can only be possible for the
guidance of the great manager that people help to flourish the peoples and keep them engaged.
They are the most productive as well as contributing the great profitability as well as staying
around for the longer as well as increasing the return on the investment for the business
managing well means managing the people within the appropriate way.
MAIN BODY
Discuss theories of motivation and how to apply within the modern workplace
In every of the enterprise either private or state that is owned the motivation will play an
important role in driving the employee towards achieving the goals within the modern
organisation. The goals are sometime certain and will scope to achieving the goals. As well as
there are many of the theories of motivation and they are mostly give the relation to influence the
results as well as outcomes of the employee job satisfaction. There are three main categories of
theories. as well as motivation theory can be understood as the decision making in which there
are intensions and monitoring within the workplace are done by using the appraisals at the work
has programmed and their outcomes will give the motivation to satisfy the employee. And with
for satisfaction (Shim, and Park, 2019). This will also help to determine the underpinning of the
motivation factors. The company firstly have to know that satisfaction is what means to them,
because is totally depend on the job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is also related to the expressive
response that can not be seen normally. Some of the employee have lots of expectation about
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their work. This totally depends on the rewards as well as incentives that every employee can
receive by the help of management that will motivates for giving them the response to the
business as well as work by becoming creative to the organisation, Motivation theory is
explained as the study of the all factor and elements that motivates an individual and
organisation for working towards a particular objectives and goals. Further, motivational theory
is universal in nature and it relates with all society factors but it plays a crucial role in the
business and management by maximising overall performance of organisation through use of
motivational content and process theories (D'Souza and Gurin, 2016). It also results that
productivity improves company profits by performing all task according to decided strategy and
methods. Maslow motivational theory is based on different hierarchy needs of an individual and
it comprise five different tiers of human requirements. The structure of Maslow theory needs
start from the bottom level and then aid towards top level. From bottom hierarchy needs it
include first psychological need that includes basic human need such as food, shelter and water.
Safety needs is another factor of motivating individual. Social needs are at the third level and as
per this individual are motivated through formulation of better relations with their co-workers
and friends. Esteem needs consider that individuals are motivated through formulation of task
according to their rules and regulations. In the last, self-actualisation need is at the top pyramid
level structure of organisation and according to this individual consider that they fulfil their own
needs and wants. Further, all stages of Maslow motivation needs are completed or achieved
according to number of work experience.
now, there are the theories will be discussed is as follows-
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Figure 1
Source(https://www.thesuccessfactory.co.uk/blog/maslows-theory-of-motivation-driving-your-
teams-to-success#:~:text=His%20hierarchy%20of%20needs%20is,%2C%20esteem%20and
%20self%2Dactualization.)
Factor theory- This theory is also known as motivator hygiene theory , that is focused to
analyse how employees are feeling good within the organisation, and what are the factor making
them feeling good. As well as there are five features of the work that helps to bring good
satisfaction that belongs to achievement as well advancement of the employees (Bird, 2019)
Herzberg theories help to define the institutional policy that is related to the various management
approaches that is supervision as well as pay relationship at the working environment as well as
there are lots of factors of the working conditions that can sometimes demoralize the employee.
As well as Herzberg is the theory related to create the opportunities that is related from the
personal growth as well as enrichment of the goals and recognition of employee, that will be
promoted after the completion of the positive tasks as for example when someone can produce
the exceptional result.
Need achievement theory- this theory is related from the peoples that is driving the success by
seeking the personal achievement in comparison to the rewards. This is the theory that is
applicable for the academic environments as well as helps to explain the some of the teachers are
highly achievers for handling the difficulties they are facing, they are setting the high goals and
helps within the achievement of the goals. The maslow hierarchy needs theory reduces the
difficulties of the company.
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The equity theory- this theory is the process to explain the satisfaction, that from where
satisfaction comes from. The equity theory helps the employee that give the proper input into the
job towards the employee they receive from them. This is the greater way to reach to the
satisfaction of the employee. This helps to get shape the employee job. These are the task that is
clarified tor bring the better job satisfactions within the employee. With the help of these theories
the company helps within the psychological involvement of the work done. This will identifies
the psychological needs as well as employee state of mind by the help of influence the job
satisfaction and what are their motivation towards the job (Kim, Steinhoff and Palmatier
2021) .There are variety of the skills that is involved within the task. That is helpful for the
significance related to the task as well as this also help to provide the feedbacks that employee
can easily input the outcome as well as ratio of their employee that will experience the
satisfaction that will help to know how they are fair according to the company. And how they are
experiencing the satisfaction that will be helpful for generating the inputs of the company.
Theory X- The supervisors who go with this methodology are for the most part cynical.
They expect that their colleagues dislike their work and are normally unmotivated. Also, because
of these suppositions, they accept that their colleagues continually should be compensated,
provoked or rebuffed to complete their work. It consider organisation perform work in repetitive
nature (Goede and Boshuizen
‐van, Burken, 2019). The inspiration hypothesis utilized for
individuals is that of 'incentive'. The representatives are by and large given execution evaluations
and compensation dependent on their work yields. As per McGregor, this methodology of the
board is applied where there are a few levels of chiefs and managers. Be that as it may, in the
new occasions, Theory X style or the board has generally dropped uncooperative. Further,
according to bigger associations, they think that it’s unavoidable to adjust this style due to the
quantity of individuals and the cut-off times.
Theory Y- Dissimilar to the Theory X supervisors, Theory Y directors are hopeful and their
style of the executives is decentralized and participative. This methodology of the executives
energizes a collective and a trust-based connection between the directors and the colleagues.
Individuals are given more noteworthy duty and their directors’ trust and urge them to foster
their abilities (Gupta and Arora 2019).This methodology additionally utilizes evaluations, yet
not at all like Theory X
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CONCLUSION
From the above report the conclusion of the topic is as all of the enterprises either private
enterprise or government motivation is playing the important role in driving the employee in
relation to achieving the organizational goals for full filling their dreams related to the nation.
Also, there are many of the theories helps to influence the job satisfaction of the employee. There
are three mains of the category of the employee that will process the theories as well as the
contemporary theories.
REFERENCES
Book and journal
D'Souza, J. and Gurin, M., 2016. The universal significance of Maslow’s concept of self-
actualization. The Humanistic Psychologist, 44(2), p.210.
Goede, R. and Boshuizen‐van Burken, C., 2019. A critical systems thinking approach to
empower refugees based on Maslow's theory of human motivation. Systems Research and
Behavioral Science, 36(5), pp.715-726.
Ashta, A., 2019. Toward a realistic theory of social entrepreneurship (NGOs) grounded on
microfinance research: Selling dreams to society. Strategic Change, 28(4), pp.301-314.
Shim, D.C. and Park, H.H., 2019. Public service motivation in a work group: Role of ethical
climate and servant leadership. Public Personnel Management, 48(2), pp.203-225.
Bird, B., 2019. Toward a theory of entrepreneurial competency. In Seminal Ideas for the Next
Twenty-Five Years of Advances. Emerald Publishing Limited.
Kim, J.J., Steinhoff, L. and Palmatier, R.W., 2021. An emerging theory of loyalty program
dynamics. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 49(1), pp.71-95.
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