Awareness on Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease

This report outlines a health promotion project focused on raising awareness about obesity as a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) among the indigenous population living in the Bagot community in Darwin, Australia. The project aims to reduce CHD incidence by 20% and deaths by 10% by 2024 through targeted interventions. These interventions include primary prevention strategies in schools and healthcare settings, such as nutrition lessons, BMI screenings, and counseling, as well as secondary prevention measures like psychological tests, anthropometric measurements, and fitness programs. The health promotion involves stakeholders like public health officers and the Australian Bureau of Statistics and utilizes various communication channels, including media, community events, and public posters. The project's success hinges on community participation and will be evaluated based on its impact on obesity rates and CHD prevalence.

Running head: AWARENESS ON OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY
HEART DISEASE
1
Awareness Project in Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease among Indigenous
People Living in Bagot Community
Student’s name
Institutional Affiliation

AWARENESS ON OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE
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Health Promotion Title: Awareness Project in Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary
Heart Disease among Indigenous People Living in Bagot Community.
Introduction
Health promotion is processing of enabling people in controlling health determinants
hence improving their health, ("World Health Organization," 2018). Over the years, coronary
heart disease (CDH) has been one of the causes of morbidity and death in many areas around the
world, whereby 80% of the population suffered from obesity in Australia. CDH progresses when
coronary arteries become dented or diseased mostly by cholesterol-containing deposits (plaque)
and inflammation of the arteries, (Dawber, 2015). The buildup of plaque narrows coronary
arteries decreasing the blood flow to the heart, which may cause chest pains, shortness of,
breathe and complete blockage causes a heart attack, ("LibGuides: Nursing Guide: NUR329",
2018). CDH develops over decades, one might not notice a problem until a total blockage or
heart attack, but there are significant ways to prevent CDH such as a healthy life, whereby dietic
caloric restrictions and regular exercise helps in controlling obesity which is a risk factor of
CDH, thus coming up with health promotion on CDH awareness with a risk factor of obesity
among all indigenous people living in Bagot community.
Target Group Outline
The health promotion of Obesity risk factor for CDH awareness will focus all age of
indigenous people living in Bagot community in Darwin. Bagot was established in 1938 as an
Aboriginal reserve to control and manage Aboriginal people from remote areas. According to

AWARENESS ON OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE
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2016 census, the estimated population of the Aboriginal people living in the region was 400
where there are more female than male, ("Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian
Government," 2018). CDH commonly affects the old age people. However, men are at higher
risk while women increase their risk as they approach menopause, ("Department of Health |
Chronic Conditions," 2018). The health promotion program targets this population to intervene
their health status and come up with health awareness to reduce obesity in Aboriginal people of
Bagot Community.
Importance of Health Promotion on Obesity Risk Factor for Coronary Heart
Disease to Bagot Community.
This health promotion will be of great importance to Aboriginal people regarding the
2012-2013 overweight and obesity data whereby around 30%, that is one in three children aged
2- 14 years were either overweight, that is 20% or obese 10%. The 62% of the Aboriginal
children were in healthy weight, and 8% were classified as underweight, ("4727.0.55.006 -
Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey: Updated Results, 2012–13",
2018).

AWARENESS ON OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE
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Aboriginal females had greater obesity rates than males in all age groups, that is from 18
years onwards. However, the statistical significance difference between female and male rates
were people in 25-34 and 45-54 years with 7% and 13% respectively. The rates for 15 years and
over Aboriginal people rates with overweight/obesity were higher in non-remote areas than
remote areas that is 67% compared with 62%, (Woodruffe et al., 2015).This indicates that there
are high obesity rates in non-remote areas that is 38% than in remote areas of 34%.
In regard with this data, the health promotion on awareness of obesity as a risk factor for
CDH is of great importance among the targeted population, as there is evidence to support
background information on cases of obesity among the community. A significant percentage of
the population scores highly on this risk factor. Thus it is better to come up with a health
promotion awareness to change the lifestyle of the Aboriginal people to prevent CHD from
obesity as a risk factor.
Health Promotion Goals

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The health promotion is set to accomplish the goal of reduction in CDH disease among
the people of the Aboriginal population in the community by 20% while reducing deaths by 10%
in Bagot society by the year 2024 through obesity awareness as leading factor for the disease.
Despite various age standardization of CDH, deaths continue to occur by this disease leading to
mortality and morbidity rates in Darwin, ("NUR329 Public Health", 2018). The effects if CDH
does not only lead to loss of life but also leads to direct or indirect medical costs. The goal of
improving health and wellbeing status among the targeted group will be achieved through
various objectives that increase awareness and change the lifestyle influencing the public policy,
delivering services that are more effective and creating healthier environments through strategic
planning. In early care education centers and schools, shall include classroom curriculum with
nutrition lessons to provide knowledge on causes of early obesity in children, (Wang et al.,
2015).
Health Management Promotion Prevention Perspective.
In this promotion prevention program, both primary and secondary prevention
components shall be used. Primary prevention consists of evidence-based programs that are
applied in preschools, fundamental schools, public settings and healthcare clinics. The
implementation of this program will be feasible in the early care education settings as an initial
measure of obesity. Also, Coordinate approach to child health has been of cultural relevance and
appropriate whereby its result will be of great significance for effective obesity prevention,
(Cauchi, 2016). However it needs community support and other efforts to have a long-term
change.

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Another primary prevention is through a community such as environmental policy
change training, an advisory committee among the Aboriginal people, which will set meetings,
enhancing ordinations on the management of obesity that is a severe risk factor for CHD,
(Daniels, 2015). The health promotion and policy change training activity shall be implemented
on grassroots so that to influence a change of food. In this promotion, a three training session is
recommended which will have a participant of 30-40 participants of the Aboriginals people of
Bagot community per session. The training shall include community leaders who will emphasize
on behavioral targets on people with high risks of obesity which will eventually suffer from
CHD if not controlled. Healthcare clinics also play an essential role in primary prevention of
obesity risk factor for CHD. The healthcare shall consist of training and counseling in mainly
three areas, that is, BMI screening, Obesity counseling and electric health record to support the
promotion of health on obesity awareness on CHD.
Secondary prevention measures shall also be used in this promotion program to reduce
obesity among the Aboriginals people in Bagot community. Psychological tests and
anthropometrics is one of the models that has to be implemented whereby trained staff shall use
standardized equipment and calibrate processes to measure the body weight of each person the
community, (De, 2014). Bioelectrical impedance shall be used in measuring fat-free mass and fat
mass. The obesity status shall be characterized using a cut off for overweight BMI>25 and
obesity as BMI>30. Physical fitness is another secondary measure that helps in preventing
obesity. The aerobic eligibility is determined by a consistent, validated and height adjusted-test.

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Secondary prevention program components should also be incorporated to reduce the
obesity risk factor for CHD. An intervention for 12 months shall be set for overweight and obese
people in the community, having an intensive month which shall include mind exercise nutrition
for the preschool age of a 2-5 year and those children between 6-12 year who will adopt the
Coordinate approach to childcare activities such as youth sports. Initial data indicates that mind
exercise nutrition is acceptable and encourages effects of BMI which eventually changes
behaviors related to obesity, (Lavie, 2015).
Another program to be included in the transition program for nine months, which will
consist of post program sessions where the whole community shall attent (parent and children),
(Kotseva et al., 2016). The session shall include mind exercise nutrion while for children the
coordinate approach to child health activities such as games and comic books. Parents shall also
receive weekly text messages to increase reinforcement of the interventions to reduce obesity
among the Aboriginals people in Bagot community.
Stakeholders and Community Consultation Involved in the Health Promotion
The health promotion on CHD does target not only the Aboriginal people of Bagot
community but also involves other communities like Torres Straight Island people surrounding
Darwin. To carry out the activity, stakeholders such as the public health officers should be
incorporated in the promotion to give guidelines on the following obesity trends in the

AWARENESS ON OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE
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community. Also the Australian Bureau of Standards will help in updating data on current
population and health survey across the area.
Health Message
Health message for this health promotion is creating awareness on Obesity as a risk factor for
CHD among Aboriginal people in Bagot community in Darwin, is mainly creating an awareness
education of the risk factor, ("Medscape Log In", 2018). Looking at the traditional approach,
people ignore the underlying obesity and insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome that is a risk
factor to CHD. Obesity is an independent risk factor contributing to CHD; hence, a
comprehensive approach is needed in the reduction of the risk factor.
HEALTH PROMOTION AWARENESS

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Health Promotion Activities
To communicate the message of this health program to the entire community, the
following activities will be considered for the success of the promotion. Option 1 will be via
media, which is through radio stations and Televisions in the selected region of the target
population. These are meant to demonstrate the full variability of attitudes in enhancing an active
health promotion. However, most people in the area might neglect this activity, thus coming up
with a national theme of “Control Obesity to Avoid Coronary Heart Disease” Awareness that
will cut across the selected region, (Hoelscher et al., 2015). A date for this activity shall be set,
whereby the population will be educated on various means of how to prevent CHD by managing
obesity e and avoid mortality and morbidity rates. Other mechanisms such as posters on dangers
of Obesity leads to CDH on human health shall be displayed in various places accessible by the
targeted group. The awareness shall also be created through activities such as sports and games
that shall be organized within the community. The acknowledgment of the promotion shall be
considered operational by conducting campaigns against Obesity in Aboriginal people which
lead to CHD disease among the Bagot community in Darwin.
Health Promotion Evaluation
The health promotion will be of success because of the most methods used awareness are
cost effective. Television programs that will be incorporated might be of challenging because
probably the program might be on but the target population most of the people might not be

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watching it. The health promotion will be of significant benefits to the community even if it
takes time because it has to be incorporated into the community program, but its long-term goals
will result to a great future fostering the community health by reducing the CDH disease in the
region. The options that will be used in this health program are of great importance, especially
the posts on different noticeboards in public. However, the primary challenge of the outcome of
the health promotion will depend on the community corporation on the events. Suggesting, the
target community responds accordingly, the promotion will be of success, and if the community
does not respond to the proposed means of awareness, the promotion will further consult and
come up with other methods on awareness of CDH.
Conclusion
Obesity is one of the significant risk factors for coronary heart disease, which occurs
gradually and eventually leads to morbidity and death. To prevent the risk factors, apart from
health considerations, health promotions are also used to awareness on the dangers of obesity
that can lead to CHD. According to previous data, a significant percentage of Aboriginals people
of Bagot community had had cases of obesity in all ages, where children and males had a more
significant percentage. Primary and secondary preventions components can help to intervene the
risk factor of obesity, to achieve the health promotion goals of 20% morbidity and 10% mortality

AWARENESS ON OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE
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rate among the Aboriginals people by the year 2024. The promotion seems to be of success if the
community responds positively to the preventive interventions and activities that will cut across
the region creating awareness on obesity as a risk factor of CHD.
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