History Assignment: Bank War, War of 1812, and Missouri Compromise

This assignment presents a detailed exploration of three significant historical events: the Bank War, the War of 1812, and the Missouri Compromise. The Bank War section discusses Andrew Jackson's opposition to the Second Bank of the United States and its eventual demise. The War of 1812 secti...Read More

Running head: HISTORY 1
History 1
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Part 1 Essay: Bank War
The “first bank of the United States” was chartered in the year of 1791 and the Second
Bank was chartered for the next 20 years in 1816. At that time there was only one single bank,
which was officially responsible for all the monetary transactions of the country (Jaremski).
President Andrew Jackson was totally against the idea of this, according to him it was not
justified that the economic power of the country was concentrated in the hands of a particular
monetary institution. The President of “Bank of the United States” whose name was Nicholas
Biddle, went to take help from the Republicans , and according to the advice provided by Henry
clay and Daniel Webster. Jackson issued a message saying “The bank is trying to kill me, but I
will kill it” and the topic of the bank charter became the main issue in the Presidential election.
Jackson also knew that the Bank of United States. Jackson forbade to keep government funds in
the bank and instead the new revenues were kept in the state pet banks. Finally, the United States
Bank went out of business in the year 1837 (Murphy). This incident is the most important one,
which happened during the Jackson-Era because it ended the rule of a single bank and stopped it
from becoming the biggest economic power and it also introduced the concept of other financial
institutions as well and paved way to the modern banking infrastructure.
Part 2 Essay
Q5 - What were the causes and consequences of the War of 1812? How did the war affect
American Indians, the Federalist Party, and the relationship between the United States and Great
Britain?
The “War of 1812” occurred between the Great Britain and the United States. The War
was declared on Great Britain by the United States and the causes are explained in the following

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lines. The Britain had promised America that they will surrender the western forts as per the
treaty of Paris after the “Revolutionary War”, but they violated the treaty and did not surrender
the forts as promised (Lambert). The British practiced “impressments” on the American people,
They captured the American vessels and forcefully recruited the American citizens in the British
navy. The Great Britain imposed a lot of restrictions on the trade routes of the United States and
thus hampering their trade. The British also provided the Native American with arms, which they
used while attacking the Americans from the western frontier. The British had hold over a lot of
northern America and the Americans wanted them to go away.
There were several consequences of the “War of 1812” as well. The United States was
able to defeat one of the greatest military powers of the world at that time; this improved the
image of America to a great extent in and filled the heart of the American citizens with a certain
feeling of patriotism (Tyrrell). The power and influence of the Federalist Party declined, it was
one of the most influential parties in Britain before the war but after the end of the war, the
power of the party declined rapidly. According to many historians, the war paved way to the
formation of the Canadian Confederation.
The “War of 1812” had several impacts on the fate of the Native Americans, the
Federalist Party and the relationship between United States and the Great Britain. The Native
Americans were armed by Britain in the fight against the Americans. The death of the great
leader of the Native Americans Tecumseh made the America expansion of the Northern
territories easier. At the end of the war, the Americans were able to drive away most of the
Native Americans into Spain and some others further into the borders of the territory and the
power of the natives was also reduced as Britain said that they will not provide them with arms
(Jenkins). The popularity of the Federalist Party also suffered a huge blow with the end of the

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War of 1812 with the Hartford Convention, the federalists organized this and at this convention
they put forward several proposals which sounded unreasonable and unpatriotic when the
Americans won the war and thus the party came to an end. Both the nations were tired from the
War and they signed the treaty of Ghent, which the British did not honour later but with the end
of the War the United States finally got rid of the influence of Britain.
Part 3 Essay
Q3- What was the conflict over Missouri and what was the resulting compromise (Missouri
Compromise) ? How did the crisis affect the growing debates over slavery, the economy, and
states’rights?
Missouri Compromise was a legislation passed in the 16th Congress meet of the United
States. The United Nations was divided into 22 states and those 22states were equally divided
into free and slave states. According to the proposals of the congress, the state of Maine was
included as a free state and Missouri was included as a slave state (Van Atta). The passing of the
bill led to a controversy, as people were worried that the country was being divided and many
thought it was unconstitutional. In the year 1819 at the time when Missouri was being made
constructed into a territory James Tallmadge who was a representative from New York proposed
to end slavery, his idea was defeated, similarly John Taylor another Representative from New
York . The Missouri Compromise increased the tension about slavery as well and this later led
to the beginning of Civil War.
The controversies grew around the Missouri Compromise and the southerners criticized
the act as the Congress made laws regarding slavery and the northerners were also equally
disturbed by the compromise as they believed it to be unconstitutional as congress was

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promoting the practice of slavery as it legalized it through the act and also helped to expand it
(Volkman). As the congress declared the state of Missouri to be a slave state, it endangered the
rights of the individual states as the Congress passed the Missouri Compromise without
consulting anything with the states. The logic was that if there was a same number of states
supporting “slavery” in the South and “non-slavery” states in the northern part, the representation
of both the north and the south would be equal and no one would be able to dictate the other.
However, each of the new territories, which applied for statehood, made a threat to upset the
power and balance of the government. People of the south continuously argued for the rights of
the states and weakness of the federal government but until the 1850s the issue of secession was
not raised (Van Atta). The Supreme court declared that the Missouri Compromise was
unconstitutional in the case related to Dred Scott the reason given by the Supreme court was that
the Congress is not allowed by constitution to deprive any individuals from their privately owned
property. Thus, all these reasons added to the crisis of the Missouri Compromise and that later
paved way for the Civil War.

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Reference List:
Jaremski, Matthew. "The Bank War: Andrew Jackson, Nicholas Biddle, and the Fight for
American Finance. By Paul Kahan Yardley, PA: Westholme Publishing, 2015. Pp. xii, 187.
$28.00, cloth." The Journal of Economic History 77.2 (2017): 613-614.
Jenkins, Philip. A history of the United States. Macmillan International Higher Education, 2017.
Lambert, Andrew. "Creating Cultural Difference: The Military, Political and Cultural Legacy of
the Anglo-American War of 1812–1815." War, Demobilization and Memory. Palgrave
Macmillan, London, 2016. 303-319.
Murphy, Sharon Ann. "The Second Bank of the United States:" Central" Banker in an Era of
Nation-Building, 1816–1836 by Jane Ellen Knodell." Enterprise & Society 19.1 (2018): 237-239.
Tyrrell, Ian. Transnational nation: United States history in global perspective since 1789.
Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.
Van Atta, John R. Wolf by the Ears: The Missouri Crisis, 1819–1821. JHU Press, 2015.
Volkman, Lucas P. Houses Divided: Evangelical Schisms and the Crisis of the Union in
Missouri. Oxford University Press, 2018.