ENGR5304 Research: Barriers and Drivers of Green Buildings in Jordan

This research paper investigates the barriers and drivers impacting the sustainability of green building projects in Jordan. The study aims to identify factors affecting construction, analyze the current real estate market, and explore the economic feasibility of green building developments for affordable housing. The research delves into the challenges and opportunities within the Jordanian construction sector, examining how drivers and barriers influence the sustainability of green building designs and their economic viability. The methodology includes an examination of the current market scenario, an analysis of sustainability, and the investigation of issues and barriers, providing potential solutions. The findings of this research offer valuable insights into the development of sustainable construction practices in Jordan, emphasizing the importance of considering economic and design factors for successful green building projects. The report also includes an analysis of the current state of the construction and real estate industry in Jordan, and provides recommendations based on the findings of the research.

Running head: RESEARCH PAPER
Research Paper
Topic: Barriers and drivers of Sustainability of construction and design: Green
Building in Jordan
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Abstract
Jordan is a country in the Middle East region of Asia which is considered a developing
country. The country has to make sure that the accommodation system for the country,
including the locals are built at a much affordable and economical base as to make sure that
the government of Jordan would find it easier and effective to implement. At the same time,
the country consumes the energy infiltration required by importing it from other countries.
Therefore, the country has to entertain various demands of the other countries that have been
providing them with the energy sources as well. This is why, the country has been trying to
implement a sustainability of development of the green buildings in Jordan with the
consideration of the design and economic plan for the country so that many issues would be
solved at once. This would include the various ways by which the energy consumption can be
eliminated for the accommodation systems so that the country does not have to depend on the
other countries for energy resources and at the same time they do not have to think about
potentially handling the colonising systems for the other countries due to their supply or
export of the energy sources. At the same time, the green building facilities are being looked
at for providing an economic solution for the sustainability of construction systems as well.
For this, the probable drivers and the barriers for the sustainable green building design and
affordable economy calculation would be performed through this research as described in
details below. The likes of the research would dwell deeply into the potential of the
sustainable planning and how Jordan can successfully establish a plan for the green building
developments in the most feasible way possible.

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Acknowledgement
The step by step conduction of this particular research and the experiences gathered behind
this was so enriching for me that I consider myself lucky to be associated with this particular
research. I have been able to make myself much more knowledgeable and enriched in ideas
about sustainability of development of the green buildings in Jordan with the consideration of
the design and economic plan with this research. I have also gained extreme hold over the
analysis of data that I did not believe was possible to be done by me. The challenges that I
faced along the lines of conducting this research were also redeemed while working on the
task. I would also like to say that my peers, my professor and the associated people with the
research deserves as much accolades for completing this research. I would also like to thank
my supervisor _____________________ as without the constant support and guidance from
my supervisor’s end, I could not have successfully completed my research paper. The
research papers that I have gone through and their authors equally deserve mention in this
regard. Without these unending supports, I could not have done such an enlightening research
paper on this equally challenging subject.
Heartiest thanks,
Yours sincerely,
_______________________

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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction..............................................................................................................5
Background of the study........................................................................................................5
Research Aims and Objectives...............................................................................................6
Research Questions................................................................................................................6
Problem Statement.................................................................................................................7
Rationale of the study.............................................................................................................8
Structure of the study.............................................................................................................9
Chapter 2: Literature Review...................................................................................................11
Introduction..........................................................................................................................11
Findings of the research.......................................................................................................12
Drivers of sustainability of construction and design in Jordan........................................13
Barriers against sustainability of construction and design...............................................17
Gap in the Literature............................................................................................................22
Chapter Summary.................................................................................................................23
Chapter 3: Research Methodology...........................................................................................27
Introduction..........................................................................................................................27
Method Outline....................................................................................................................28
Research Philosophy............................................................................................................30
Research Approach..............................................................................................................31
Research Design...................................................................................................................32
Data Collection Process.......................................................................................................32
Hypothesis............................................................................................................................34
Chapter Summary.................................................................................................................35
Chapter 4: Results and Discussion...........................................................................................35
Introduction..........................................................................................................................35
Empirical Results.................................................................................................................38
Descriptive study..................................................................................................................44
Inferential study...................................................................................................................46
Summary..............................................................................................................................47
Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations.......................................................................48
Conclusion............................................................................................................................48
Linking with Objectives.......................................................................................................49
Recommendations................................................................................................................50
Limitations of research.........................................................................................................50
References................................................................................................................................52
Appendix..................................................................................................................................63

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Research Questionnaires......................................................................................................63
Table 1: Standard Deviation, Mean and Ranking of the Identified Drivers............................39
Table 2: KMO and Bartlett's Test............................................................................................39
Table 3: Total Variance............................................................................................................40
Table 4: Standard Deviation, Mean and Ranking of the Identified Barriers...........................42
Table 5: KMO and Bartlett’s Test............................................................................................42
Table 6: Total Variance............................................................................................................43

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Chapter 1: Introduction
Background of the study
Behind every construction project lies the project planning that has to consider the
sustainability behind the planning of the construction project. Identifying the planning for the
construction project has to be done according to the sustainability of the planning. Without
the proper identification of the sustainability in planning in case of a construction project,
there would be extreme cases where the barriers would have the potential of causing several
problems to the entire project planning (Zawaydeh 2017). The requirement of sustainability
in the construction industry is getting fiercely incorporated with every passing day as per the
requirement of any organisation or even a country as a whole. Jordan is a country that is
looking forward to the approaches for developing a construction project like green building to
make sure that the people in Jordan can have an economic and sustainable buildings also
thinking about the conservation of energy in other components not having to import energy
from other countries and help them colonize (Kibert 2016). The standardization policies are
also varied for different countries and what Jordan things about incorporating for a
construction project might not be applicable according to the other countries. The situations
by which country like Jordan can establish successful and sustainable green building project
might also be different from any other country (Hughes and Sharrock 2016). For every
project in construction, there lies release barriers and drivers that effect the construction
project in different ways. This is why the green building development for a country like
Jordan would not only become one of the most economic strategies but also the construction
development analysis that would follow through the green building development project for
sustainable and economic accommodation.

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Based on this particular research topic, the following dissertation would continue in
describing how the impact of the barriers and drivers would affect the sustainability of green
building development projects project in Jordan.
Research Aims and Objectives
Research Aims
The primary aim of this research is to identify the factors that affect the construction
of green building projects in Jordan and also find out how these factors that happens to form
a barrier for the construction and also the factors that drive the sustainability of the
construction would affect the green building projects. According to the variance of
information found throughout the research project the constraints and the enhancing factors
for the project would be forming a strategy to mitigate all the problems or negative effects
that would be identified with a possible solution provided for the arising issues.
Research objectives
The objectives of the research would be as follows:
 To research and explore the current state of the construction and real estate
industry market in Jordan.
 To analyse the sustainability of the Green Building Developments in Jordan.
 To investigate how the green building construction projects would be
sustainable for the economic and affordable housing activities in Jordan.
 To analyse the issues and barriers during the development of the Green
Buildings in Jordan and find out the solutions for the barriers as well.
Research Questions
The developed research questions for this particular study would be considered as the
factors that might affect the research topic in some way or the other and based on these

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factors it would be identified about how positively or negatively have these been affecting the
green building projects in Jordan. Finding the possible answers to these problems for research
questions would bring about the possible strategy to solve the issues identified in the
research. Following would be the research questions as developed according to this particular
research topic:
 What is the current market scenario of the real estate construction
development in Jordan about the Green Building development?
 What can possibly be the drivers as well as the barriers against the
development of the Green Buildings in Jordan?
 How can the barriers be successfully overpowered to develop a sustainability
of construction development project in Jordan?
Problem Statement
Jordan is a part of the Middle Eastern countries and this is why it is natural that
belonging from the still developing countries, Jordan would require sum of its primary
products from the other countries (Liu and Lin 2016). This also provides other developed
countries about a power to colonize in countries like Jordan. The primary reason behind this
is for Jordan to have a sustainable building idea that would help them in in developing a
proposed system for a plan to establish such a strategic project that it would not require
importing the resources from other developed countries (Masri, Yunus and Ahmad 2015).
This is why Jordan was thinking about developing their own system for or utilising the green
building strategy of their own so that not just there would be no requirement of infiltrating
energy importing it from other developed countries but it will also provide Jordan with
several other facilities like having their own housing systems and establishments which
would not only provide the accommodation at the most economical rates but also provide
them with all sorts of facilities like preparing for not letting the developed countries colonize

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and not utilising the resources either (Park, Yoon and Kim 2017). However, for this, it is
required that establishments and the strategy for the planning would have a sustainability for
the project regarding the constructions, considering the construction aspects in Jordan as the
primary requirement for any construction project lies in the sustainability factor for the
project. Jordan is still a developing country there happens to be numerous factors that are
dependent upon the barriers and drivers about the construction project of green buildings
(Wong and Zhou 2015). It is not necessary that the planning behind a green building would
be enough to handle the construction project in the first place as without a proper derivation
of the factors for or analysing the barriers and drivers behind the project there can be no
possibility of having a successful project plan. this is why the issues that Jordan might have
due to the presence of the barriers according to the different aspects that might cause a
construction project to not become successful would be addressed in this particular research
so that it would have and identification and barriers and drivers to follow up with a good
strategy and feasibility provide a better solution.
Rationale of the study
In the industries that focus on constructions, there has been a lot of discussions about
the conservation and the affairs related to adopting the green practices (Sinha, Gupta and
Kutnar 2017). Not just it is important for or the industries to maintain sustainability for the
buildings and all the related aspects for the building prospect, it is also required that the
project planning is done in such a way that it also looks towards the preservation and
sustainability of the earth as well (Omar 2016). Not just it helps in the maintenance of the
environment and the surroundings, but it also provides you support for a country like Jordan
to establish its own construction system with extremely low cost for project initiation and
planning regarding the utility of products that would be extremely important for the
conservation of energy (Ibrahim 2015). The most important things about sustainability

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regarding any project in construction is the design of the buildings in such a way that the
environmental footprint behind the development is reduced. Not just that there are various
reasons why the buildings and its constructions bring forward a lot of issues that increases the
waste reduction during the construction of the project (Mayer 2015). It is also the
responsibility that is there behind the planning of the construction project that would overall
reduce the management of waste all around the world. Since Jordan is still developing
country, it would provide a lot of support to the country to have their own implementation of
systems that are not just helpful in conserving energy but also show its utility can be seen to
be affecting the conservation of energy for the country (Quick and Hall 2015). There are so
many reasons why the effect is also show associated to the socio-political developments of
the country as colonization is a part of the entire plan if Jordan has to keep up with the utility
of energy derived from order imported from other countries (Goussous, Siam and Alzoubi
2015). The issues about colonization would automatically become less to zero if Jordan starts
to develop their own green buildings for supporting the housing system for the country and
its local people with the sustainable designs such that there would be no requirement of
energy being imported from other countries.
In addition to that, having the drivers and the barriers for a sustainable development
can cause several problems for designing the green building in the first place as the negative
impact of the barriers can minimise the potential of the buildings to control the waste,
conserve energy, or even economic enough for Jordan (Krosnick 2018).
Structure of the study
Following would be the representation of the structure that would follow throughout
the research process and would provide sufficient structure to the dissertation following the
standardized format for researching about the topic.

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Chapter 1: Introduction
This particular chapter would provide the best structure for the study and would help
in understanding several aspects of the project through the establishment of the background
of the research project, the idea of why the study is being conducted, the importance of the
research topic, general rationale behind the project and the way by which the project planning
is deciphered to be delivered. This would form the general idea about how a research should
be conducted and in what we this particular digitation is going to address the different
problems identify the drivers and the issues behind the project comma the way by which it
could affect the project and also the topic of the research and in the same time how the
solution is being planned to be figured out by identifying the issues.
Chapter 2: Literature Review
This would be forming the second chapter for the dissertation that would have the
general idea of a literature review at a much largest scale to recognise the drivers and the
barriers behind the sustainability of development of the green buildings in Jordan. This would
be done in such a way that the research papers that is already been done by the other
established authors in the past would be collected to find out which of the papers would be
the closest to the research topic. With this identification, the information from the papers
would be gathered while further identifying the drivers behind the research topic and find out
why have been the information forming the proper identification of the sustainable design
and the ways by which they would provide proper guidance to Jordan in establishing their
own green buildings. This information would also take to form the basic level of
understanding that would find out how the barriers and drivers would firstly affect the
sustainable building projects and if there establishing and absolutely negative impact to the
entire construction project, how can they be mitigated.

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Chapter 3: Research Methodology
This would be the third chapter in the research paper that would establish the proper
idea about how the research is going to be conducted following a proper methodology and the
ways to identify the proper standardized way of conducting any research with implementing
the best possible methods. The way standardized way of going throughout the research and at
the same time having a proper established plan to bring about the data collection to serious is
also required to understand before conducting a research. This chapter would not only
provide the understanding of the ways to conduct research but would also feasibility put
forward a proper way of collecting data throughout conduction of research.
Chapter 4: Results and Discussions
As per the rules and regulation of collecting data and standardized procedure of
following a feasible process for collecting the data will be stated in the previous chapter,
there would also be the requirement for collecting the data and at the same time analysing it.
This would be done throughout this particular chapter which forms the fourth chapter of the
study and it will help in identifying the collected data to understand what would be the most
feasible way of identifying the barriers and the drivers behind the construction project. The
collected data would then be analysed utilising the best possible way and standardized policy.
All the requirements and the standard policies would be described in the chapter.
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendation
This particular chapter with be the last one of the research papers where the collected
data and the analysis of all the data would be taken in the form of conclusions and
discussions utilise for or understanding and drawing the inferences about all the findings and
assumptions made so far. Concluding chapter find out the primary aim behind the conduction
of the research and the ways by which the collected data and its analysis have provided a
mitigation strategy for the identified issues.