Organisational Behaviour Report: Culture, Teams, and BBC Analysis

This report delves into the intricacies of organisational behaviour, using the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) as a case study. It examines the impact of culture, politics, and power on individual, team, and organizational behaviour, referencing Charles Handy's cultural typology to analyze the B...Read More

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
P1. Impact of culture, politics and power on individual, team organisation and their behaviour
.....................................................................................................................................................1
a) Handy’s cultural typology.......................................................................................................1
b) The way culture, power and politics affect the behaviour within BBC in the recent past and
today............................................................................................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2. Evaluation of motivational theories and its techniques towards goals and objectives.........3
(a) Content and process of motivational theories........................................................................3
b) Motivational hypothesis helps organisation to enhance squad effectiveness.........................5
c) Rising level of motivation within BBC...................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3 Effective teams differs from ineffective squad......................................................................7
a) Types of team in context of BBC............................................................................................7
b) Effective teams and team development of BBC (Tuckman and Jensen's model)..................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Concepts and philosophies or organisational behaviour........................................................8
a) Organisational concept/theory which affects the BBC's productivity....................................8
b) Main barriers that effect performance of BBC.......................................................................9
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
For organisations in the present scenario, it is essential to have a healthy working
environment. Company’s behaviour can be understood as staff member’s performance and their
cognition towards firm. Talented workers of an enterprise can easily hit their own targets in a
short period of time. It is manager’s and leader’s responsibility to look how labours behaviour is
towards their job. This helps supervisors in making appropriate decisions for staff members. In
this report, Smith Handy's cultural typology has been included. Apart from this, one of the oldest
public organisations i.e. BBC of United Kingdom has also been enclosed (Alejandra Gonzalez-
perez and Leonard, 2013). Main operation of this company is to broadcast shows that aware
people like news at both national and international level. Also, there are some theories as well
which are related to workers motivating process which helps supervisors to push staff members
towards their limit. At last, this assignment is also putting light on problems that workers face at
the workplace.
TASK 1
P1. Impact of culture, politics and power on individual, team organisation and their behaviour
a) Handy’s cultural typology
Handy's cultural typology was made by Charles Handy. In the year 1932 he was born and
in Europe. Charles was specialized in organisational behaviour. Hence, He made some points
that put impact on atmosphere of BBC and on other companies as well. Firm is a place where
operational activities can be done and the corporation have different sectors. Under this,
supervisors set targets for employees. All these actions management do is for attaining goals and
objectives of company. This helps them in grabbing good position in marketplace and also
improves goodwill and brand image in the society.
But, to attain all above comprehended things that have been discussed, it is essential to
have healthy employee relations. This may include motivation, coordination, commitment and
communication. For BBC, it is necessary that employees work smoothly without creating any
conflicts. This may lead company to attain its targets in a short period of time (Alfes and et. al.,
2013). Charles Handy created 4 cultures for an organisation that showed behaviour of working
people in company and these are mentioned beneath:
Power Culture: This theory is related to where important people of company makes
decisions without taking any suggestions from employees. These person usually takes important
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determination for betterment of organisation. Directors, leaders, CEOs mostly comes under this
and play an important role in company. At initial level in BBC, usually directors made strategies
and took decisions for corporation. Clearly, in this type of typology staff members have to follow
all the rules and regulations that has been set by seniors without any fail.
Task Culture: Leaders and managers under this type of typology usually forms team of
four to five members. These employees have same type of talent, knowledge and skills
(Bergeron and et. al., 2013). Then, supervisors assign task to this squad as per their capabilities
so that they can hit it efficiently and effectively. If any issue comes up, BBC usually forms this
kind of team and assigns projects to them.
Person Culture: In this type of typology, workers are said to be an asset for
organisations. In BBC, supervisors continuously make favourable policies for the employees.
This keeps on increasing the loyalty of them towards company. But, usually this culture meet
with so many problems in marketplace.
Role Culture: Managers and leaders in this hypothesis give opportunities to every
individual as per their capabilities. These chances totally depend on human being’s
qualifications, interest and talent. Administration of BBC keeps on pushing its employees
towards their limit so that they can attain their own goals and objectives.
In this context, as per Smith (2016:32) BBC become unsuccessful in some points. As,
there was an incident that was happened related to child abuse. Continuously organisation tried
to overcome with that failure. But, they failed doing that. Therefore, it affected both productivity
and profitability. Apart from this, most of employees gave resign. This whole scenario impacted
badly on goodwill of firm. BBC should keep the culture where employees feel their importance.
This helps them in improving both productivity and profitability.
b) The way culture, power and politics affect the behaviour within BBC in the recent past and
today
Organisation deals with many problems on daily basis. It is mandatory for firm to keep
on developing its business in marketplace. But, to do this, there are many factors that directly put
impact and become a barrier at developing stage (Bushra, Ahmad and Naveed, 2011). Employees
are said to be an asset for a company. Hence, it is essential for leaders and managers to keep on
making favourable decisions for them. This activity may easily lead BBC in building strong
employee relations. Every single day, workers deal with so many problems as they belong from
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various religions and places. BBC can be stated as one of the largest public organisations. This
company gives liberty to its staff members so that they can make themselves comfortable at the
workplace.
Apart from this, management of BBC also has the power to form policies that employees
have to follow. These policies are made by superiors of BBC with keeping every culture and
religion in mind (Chiang and Hsieh, 2012).
Power: In this context, administrators and management of BBC have the authorities to
make changes as per requirements. Considerably it is essential for supervisors to use this kind of
power in an appropriate manner. This lead them in improving quality of services that they are
giving to its clients. In BBC, Child abuse case placed an adverse impact on staff members. This
scenario directly put negative impact on goodwill and brand image of BBC.
Culture: It is important for BBC to keep every single employee beneath one umbrella.
Mostly, employees come from different cultures and religions and so, they face many problems
at workstation. From a long time, BBC is following same rules and regulations which are now
putting direct impact on the staff member’s productivity. Therefore, they need to change policies
from time to time so that employees will stay satisfied at the workplace.
TASK 2
P2. Evaluation of motivational theories and its techniques towards goals and objectives
(a) Content and process of motivational theories
A motivated employee will give its best at workplace. It is mandatory for firm to attain
their targets to have talented staff members. This leads organisations to an upper level where
they can easily give competition to its rivals. Also, it improves productivity of both individual
and of enterprise as well. Employer should also keep on supporting and motivating its employees
so that they don't loose interest from their jobs. Best way of inspiring or motivating workers is
compensating them in terms of money. Apart from this, leaders and managers of BBC should
also take suggestions and feedbacks from employees so that better decisions can be made. All
these activities boost staff members up and improves their skills, knowledge and productivity
(Gold and et. al., 2013). To accomplish these objectives superior may use some theories that may
aid in motivating workers and these are comprehended beneath:
Maslow's hierarchy of requirements of staff members : Abraham found some common needs
of employees that they usually have at workplace. Hence, it is essential for management to keep
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on making decision and managing or recreating policies as per workers wants (Maslow's Need
Hierarchy, 2015). These are mentioned below:
Physiological Needs : One of most common requirements of an employee. These are
related to clothing, healthy food and etcetera.
Safety Needs : This type of element is related to security of staff member (Hildebrand,
Sen and Bhattacharya, 2011). Management should keep on finding ways where they can
maintain belief of its employees that they are safe in premises.
Social Belonging : This state is related to emotional attachments of employees within the
workstation. It is essential for BBC's staff members that they should be friendly in nature. This
improves employee relations.
Esteem : This type of need is related to values and desires that needs to be entertained by
other staff members. This can directly put positive impact on productivity of an individual.
Self-Actualisation : This type of requirement is related to growth that a human being
desires for within BBC. A responsible staff member who loves his/her job will only think of this
type of need (Gulliford and Morgan 2013).
Herzberg's theory of motivation :
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Illustration 1: Maslow's Need Hierarchy
(Source: Maslow's Need Hierarchy , 2015)

 Hygiene Factor : This factor contains salary, job security and etcetera. This give
satisfaction to employees.
 Motivational Factors : Leaders and managers gives proper sort of programmes in which
they can give speech and make them understand so that employees gets motivated (Lee
and et. al., 2011).
There is one more process that is related to hypothesis of motivation and these are :
Reinforcement theory: This type of hypothesis is related to manner of employees at workplace.
Expectancy theory: This depends on interest of the individual at workstation (Herzberg's
Two Factor Of Motivation, 2017).
Equity theory express: This theory brings confidence in workers as they are getting same work
just the way others are getting.
Goal setting: It is essential for BBC management to set targets for executives. Hence,
this lead them to grab more and more profit and improves goodwill at
marketplace.
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Illustration 2: Herzberg's Two Factor of motivation
(Source: Herzberg's Two Factor Motivation, 2017)

b) Motivational hypothesis helps organisation to enhance squad effectiveness
In today's world, it has become mandatory for BBC to have talented employees (Martin
and Burke 2012). Giving motivation to staff members may aid in enhancing their confidence,
productivity and etcetera. BBC which is one of the biggest public organisation believes in three
theories which is related to motivating its workers.
Managers and leaders of BBC uses Herzberg's two factor theories when its employees
are loosing interest into tasks which supervisors assigned them.
Executives are going to use Maslow's theory if labour is asking for more at workstation.
On a usual basis, it has been found in BBC that its workers desire much in regards to their
occupation.
To attain above things, Expectancy theory can be taken in use by administrators. Under
this, managers and leaders will compensate workers who are putting extra efforts on their job.
This can be understand as people who are hitting their own targets in given time period
organisation may give them extra money like bonuses.
c) Rising level of motivation within BBC
On a regular basis, BBC's management should keep on monitoring the level of
motivation in their staff members. After analysing it they have to take proper actions so that they
can increase morale of employees (McEvily and Tortoriello, 2011). There are few elements in
this context and these are mentioned below:
Accumulated committedness of authorities : BBC's leaders and managers should assign
tasks to employees as per their abilities may directly increase production of their own and also
fill them with confidence.
Enhance satisfactory level of workers : Favourable policies that has been made by
executives may aid employees in meeting with their satisfaction. This process increases loyalty
of workers towards BBC.
Amendment of productivity of labours : Training and development programmes may
help managers to improve employees productivity (Ng and Feldman, 2012). These training
sessions can easily boost skills and knowledge of staff members. By this process workers may
become more efficient at workplace.
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TASK 3
P3 Effective teams differs from ineffective squad
a) Types of team in context of BBC
It is vital for BBC to attain their set objectives. By this process it can run business in a
successful manner in today's market. Building teams for projects achievements most of the
companies are focusing, This gives opportunities to both employer and employees. As executives
will continuously find the ways by which BBC can give competition to rivals. On the other hand,
employees can show their talents in front of seniors which may create favourable conditions for
them in future. Formed teams can be of two types permanent and temporary. Management forms
squads according to the project. For an example: If a company wants to increase its sale of
products, then they will form a team from its marketing departments (Punjaisri and Wilson,
2011). This group will give suggestions to seniors that what needs to be done to attain the
objective. In today's world, competition is rising in its full speed. Hence, BBC have to form
teams so that they can find ways by which risks can be reduce for them. Various types of teams
are as follows that BBC usually forms:
Project Team : A type of team which BBC makes when a project comes up. This squad
usually temporary in nature. Once the tasks gets finish this teams also comes to an end.
Functional team : Under this type of unit, group members know each other in personal.
Usually members and leaders forms these squads. This is mostly common in nature. Most of
organisations normally have these groups and work for all operational activities.
Virtual Team : A type of team in which group members don't know each other in
personal but work for a common goal. BBC have its offices in different places in all over world.
In this scenario company's seniors forms teams directly.
Problem solving team : These are temporary groups which BBC forms to resolve issues
that they are facing (Solomon, Russell-Bennett and Previte, 2013).
These different type of teams are very helpful when it comes to attain targets. BBC forms
squads as per their purpose and needs. Away from this, it has become important for employers to
find talented employees. This process brings innovative ideas by which company can take
actions different from its competitors.
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b) Effective teams and team development of BBC (Tuckman and Jensen's model)
An effective team will finish their targets within the given time. On the other hand an
ineffective team do not care about set time. Managers and leaders are the one who forms teams
within an organisation. BBC's management's duty is to find the talented staff members and put
them in a group. Here, individuals of squad will give suggestions that may help others as well in
attaining gaols in a given time period (Tierney and Farmer, 2011). There are some models which
BBC follows:
Tuckman and jensen's theory model: Forming – BBC's executive at an initial level forms squads as per their requirements and
objectives. Storming – This phase relates with teams which started working to hit the set target. This
part gives opportunities to team members to give and take suggestions so that better
decisions can be made. Norming – At this level managers and leaders assign jobs to team members after
analysing their capabilities. Commitment gets strong with acceptance of assigned tasks. Performing – Workers start working without any sort of disturbances so that targets can
achieved right on time.
 Adjourning – Last phase where targets gets successfully attain by team members. Then
this squad breaks up and talented group splits into individuals.
This theory directly puts positive impact on BBC's employees. Apart from this,
productivity and profitability also gets enhance of company.
TASK 4
P4 Concepts and philosophies or organisational behaviour
a) Organisational concept/theory which affects the BBC's productivity
In today's era, it has become vital for organisation to find talented new candidates.
Basically, these new minds can bring so many changes that may create positive conditions for
companies in marketplace. Some theories are mentioned below which BBC uses for betterment:
Path-Goal theory : A hypothesis which is related to working style of supervisor of BBC.
Mostly, organisations keep on developing skills and knowledge of people who are working in the
company(Alejandra Gonzalez-perez and Leonard, 2013). Different sessions of training and
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development programmes may aid in this part. Apart from this, it is also essential for
management to keep on modifying rules and regulations from time to time (The Path-Goal
Theory and Leadership Styles, 2018). This create favourable conditions for staff members and
motivates them.
Authorities can improve their profitability and productivity of BBC by selecting best and
talented candidates out of many.
Behavioural organisation theory : Profit of the companies may get affected if employees
won't work in a manner. It is also essential for authorities to analyse the behaviour of employees.
Hence, this may lead them in providing proper sort of training sessions according to their
requirements (Alfes and et. al., 2013). Apart from this, BBC may also meet with losses if staff
members didn't learnt anything from training programmes. For organising this type of sessions it
may cost huge to BBC.
b) Main barriers that effect performance of BBC
At initial level, every organisation goes to a phase where productivity and profitability
both gets decreases. Thus, it is important for companies to find those barriers that firms are
facing and resolve them in a short period of time. Some barriers related to this context are
mentioned below: Negative work environment- For BBC, it is mandatory to handle and resolve all the
issues that employees are facing. In child abuse case that happened made a huge impact
on goodwill of organisation. Executives should keep on taking actions from time to time
that may reduce conflicts in between employees. Harassment and bullying – Government made some laws to resolve issues in between
employees. BBC and other organisations faces problems where seniors bully new
candidates. To stop this strict actions should be taken as it will affect productivity.
 Discrimination- One of the barrier in which executives behaves with staff members
according to their cast, religions and colour. To overcome this Government agencies
made equality related laws (Bergeron and et. al., 2013).
In initial years of BBC, supervisors used to discriminate in between employees. For an
example: They did not gave jobs to women as they are weak from men. But, in 2015 everything
got transformed when general director of BBC changed. Person played vital role in organisation
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which leaded them to improvement of production and profit. Administration adapted all the
policies that may put positive impact in organisational structure.
CONCLUSION
From above assignment, it has been comprehended that executive should keep an eye on
improving organisational behavioural of employees. Companies can maximise its productivity
and profitability by motivating staff members. Away from this, utilisation of various theories
may create favourable conditions for both employer and employees. Different type of teams help
firms in resolving issues. Also, some barriers which needs to be resolved by administrators of
company.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alejandra Gonzalez-perez, M. and Leonard, L. eds., 2013. International business, sustainability
and corporate social responsibility. Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Alfes, K. and et. al., 2013. The link between perceived human resource management practices,
engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model. The international
journal of human resource management. 24(2). pp.330-351.
Bergeron, D. M. and et. al., 2013. Organizational citizenship behavior and career outcomes: The
cost of being a good citizen. Journal of Management. 39(4). pp.958-984.
Bushra, F., Ahmad, U. and Naveed, A., 2011. Effect of transformational leadership on
employees' job satisfaction and organizational commitment in banking sector of Lahore
(Pakistan). International journal of Business and Social science. 2(18).
Chiang, C. F. and Hsieh, T. S., 2012. The impacts of perceived organizational support and
psychological empowerment on job performance: The mediating effects of
organizational citizenship behavior. International journal of hospitality management.
31(1). pp.180-190.
Gold, J. and et. al., 2013. Human resource development: Theory and practice. Palgrave
Macmillan.
Gulliford, M. and Morgan, M. eds., 2013. Access to health care. Routledge.
Hildebrand, D., Sen, S. and Bhattacharya, C.B., 2011. Corporate social responsibility: a
corporate marketing perspective. European Journal of Marketing. 45(9/10). pp.1353-
1364.
Lee, L. and et. al., 2011. Entrepreneurial intentions: The influence of organizational and
individual factors. Journal of business venturing. 26(1). pp.124-136.
Martin, M. G. and Burke, R. J. eds., 2012. Corporate reputation: Managing opportunities and
threats. Gower Publishing, Ltd..
McEvily, B. and Tortoriello, M., 2011. Measuring trust in organisational research: Review and
recommendations. Journal of Trust Research. 1(1). pp.23-63.
Ng, T. W. and Feldman, D. C., 2012. Employee voice behavior: A meta‐analytic test of the
conservation of resources framework. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 33(2).
pp.216-234.
Punjaisri, K. and Wilson, A., 2011. Internal branding process: key mechanisms, outcomes and
moderating factors. European Journal of Marketing. 45(9/10). pp.1521-1537.
Solomon, M. R., Russell-Bennett, R. and Previte, J., 2013. Consumer behaviour: Buying,
having, being. Pearson Australia.
Tierney, P. and Farmer, S. M., 2011. Creative self-efficacy development and creative
performance over time. Journal of Applied Psychology. 96(2). p.277.
Online
The Path-Goal Theory and Leadership Styles. 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-path-goal-theory-and-leadership-styles.html>.
Maslow's Need Hierarchy. 2015. [online]. Available through:
<http://cultbranding.com/ceo/maslows-hierarchy-needs-crucial-for-your-business/>.
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Herzberg's Two Factor Of Motivation. 2017. [online]. Available through:
<https://www.tutorialspoint.com/employee_motivation/employee_motivation_herzberg
_theory.htm>.
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