Analysis of Organizational Behavior at BBC: A Detailed Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the organizational behavior within the British Broadcasting Company (BBC). It begins by examining the historical context using Handy's cultural typology to understand the evolution of BBC's organizational culture and its impact on employee behavior, power dynamics, and political influences. The report then delves into the content and process theories of motivation, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Hertzberg's two-factor theory, discussing their importance in improving team effectiveness and achieving organizational goals. Furthermore, it explores different types of teams, effective team dynamics, and the application of organizational theories like the path-goal theory to enhance team performance and productivity. The report also identifies the main barriers to effective performance within the BBC and concludes with a summary of key findings and recommendations for fostering a positive and productive work environment.

ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
A. Handy's cultural typology to understand the earlier culture in the organisation....................1
B. Affect of culture, power and politics on behaviour of organisation in past and in present....2
M 1- Influence of culture, politics and power on individual and team behaviour of the
organisation.................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
A. Content and process theories of motivation...........................................................................3
B. Importance of motivational techniques in improving team effectiveness in the organisation.
.....................................................................................................................................................5
C. Help of improved level of motivation in achieving organisational goals..............................5
M 2..............................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
A. Different types of teams and their importance in the organisation........................................6
B- Explain what makes an effective team in the BBC. In answering this question you should
relate to appropriate theory such as Tuckman and Jensen’s model of team development and/or
Belbin’s team roles......................................................................................................................7
M 3..............................................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
A- Using an appropriate organisational concept/theory (such as path-goal theory) suggest
how team performance and productivity could be improved within the BBC...........................8
B- What have been the main barriers to effective performance within the BBC?......................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Every organisation has a different organisational behaviour. Organisational behaviour are
the factors which affects or impact the performance of job, leadership and managerial skills,
process of motivation etc. These behaviours are needed to be effectively handled because they
are very important and can have positive as well as negative impact on the business operations.
BBC is the British broadcasting company and has vision to become the largest broadcaster of the
world. It recruits around 30000 employees in a year (Chapman, Johnson and Kilner, 2014). This
report includes Handy's cultural typology to understand the culture within the organisation.
Content and process theory of motivation will be discussed. These theories are helpful in
improving effectiveness of the company. There are different types of teams which are important
to form in an organisation. Using organisational theory performance and productivity of
company can be improved.
TASK 1
A. Handy's cultural typology to understand the earlier culture in the organisation.
According to the smith review earlier culture or behaviour of the BBC was very
disheartening. Handy's cultural typology was made by the Charles handy. In this typology he
discusses about four cultures that can be followed in the organisation. These cultures are: Power culture- In this culture only few people in the organisation have power to take all
the decisions (Densten, 2015). This culture does the partiality between some special
members and normal employee of the company. Role culture- It is the best culture to be followed in any organisation. Employees get job
and responsibilities according to their skill and knowledge in Handy's role culture. Person culture- This is the culture where employee do whatever they want to do and do
not think about benefits of organisation. They think that they are more superior from the
company.
 Task culture- In the task culture teams or groups are made to do some task. In this all
team members have same skills to be used in performing the task.
According to smith there are many complaints that are being recorded against the BBC.
Many cases of abuse done by higher authorities of organisation had come in front of the public
which decreased reputation of the company (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2012). Employees

working in the company were not satisfied by the management. Many skilled employees had left
the job because of poor management in the organisation. According to the Handy's typologies
power culture and person culture were followed in BBC which is not at all good for growth of
the organisation. Power always remains in the hand of few who were not at all sufficient to make
the decisions for the company. Employees of the organisation had complaint that managers
always make wrong decision to perform the task and never gave responsibilities and power to do
the task by using their skills. This irresponsible behaviour of managers and leaders of the
company had made the employees lazy. Company started following person culture. Employees
came at job when they want to come and do whatever they want. They started treating
themselves superior from the organisation they work for (Moody and Pesut, 2006). Many
employees who were skilled and really wanted to work had left the job because of these cultures
followed in the BBC. Smith concluded that their were many problems faced by the organisation
because of incapacity of their managers and leaders.
B. Affect of culture, power and politics on behaviour of organisation in past and in present.
In the past culture, power and politics had very badly affected the behaviour of the
organisation. It is discussed that power culture and person culture had been used in the working
and business operations of the BBC. It had given power in the hand of non- efficient people who
do not know anything about effective decision making. It has also made some employees lazy to
do the job efficiently. Many competitors of the company had influenced the political
environment which had reduced the goodwill of organisation in the market. Political actions had
taken against the company because of amount of abuses that are done in the business which
lately came in front. This states that culture, power and politics had very badly affected the firm
in the past years. This snatched many efficient employees from the BBC. Politics can be also
done within the organisation because it gives power. Using power in the negative way can lead
to destruction.
In present years also culture, power and politics have affected the organisational
behaviour but favourably for the company. Now the company uses the culture which is best for
the workings of the BBC (Weick, 2012). It has hired many skilled managers and leaders to
manage and lead the organisation. Employees who now works for company are satisfied with
processes that are being used in the business operations of the organisation. Now the firm is
politically stable and maintains healthy relations with all its competitors. The management of

cited organisation distribute the power and responsibilities within employees to perform the
delegated task which make their employees satisfied and motivated to give their best
performance for the organisation.
BBC now uses the role and task culture in the business instead of power and person
culture. Mangers and leaders delegate power and responsibility to perform the task to its
employees. They also make team and group to perform specific job and takes the employee who
have same skills and knowledge to perform the task. The company regularly tries to motivate
their employees by helping them to meet their specific needs. This keeps their employee satisfied
perform the job better for the organisation. In the developed culture of the organisation
employees are involved in the decision making process and suggestions are taken for further
growth of the company (Zhou, Yim and Tse, 2013). In the recent years culture of BBC has very
much developed from its past culture.
M 1- Influence of culture, politics and power on individual and team behaviour of the
organisation.
Favourable conditions of culture, politics and power will have positive influence on the
individual and team behaviour of the organisation. Using the best culture which suits the
environment BBC is very important for its growth. Power of taking decisions should be in hands
of efficient person and should not misuse it. Culture followed in organisation which is not
suitable in their working environment will lead to destruction of company likewise, power in the
wrong hands can also lead to destruction.
TASK 2
A. Content and process theories of motivation.
Motivation is the process which is done to inspire people to do more hard work by giving
them some reason or benefit to perform the task in better way. Given motivation at the different
levels of the organisation make the employees satisfied and they perform better for the company.
This fulfils the various needs that are wanted by the people according to their perceptions and
behaviour in the organisation. Motivation make employees loyal toward the organisation.
Content theory of motivation:
Content theory make the employees content and satisfied with their job (Haslam and
et.al., 2014). This theory includes many models and theories within it which are:

Maslow's hierarchy of needs- this theory includes the needs of employees at five different levels
which are as follows: Basic needs- These types of needs includes necessities of life which can be food, clothes,
shelter etc. Security needs- It provides safety and security to the employees and reduce their
insecurity about the job in the organisation. Belonging needs- Every person has need to have some friend at the premises of job with
whom he can share about his problems. Each employee needs to have social belonging at
some point of time. Esteem needs- Every employee need some recognition and identification which will
make him popular in the company and fulfil his esteem needs.
 Self actualisation needs- These needs tell that when the person reaches the stage of
having better skills and knowledge he wants that his potential to be recognised and used
in the business operations of the organisation.
Frederick Hertzberg two factor theory: This theory includes two factors which are important for
motivation process. Hygiene factors- Presence of these factors does not really satisfy the employees but
absence of these hygiene factors can actually demotivate the employees (Hofstede, 2010).
These factors include working environment, small benefits, salary etc. Motivators- Hygiene factors can not be motivators because they really don't satisfy the
employees. Motivators are the factor which satisfy the employees according to their job.
Motivators includes identification, power to perform responsibilities etc.
Process theory of motivation:
These theories include four theories within it which are- Reinforcement- It includes reinforcement of employee in another job which is more
suitable for him. Expectancy- Work given to employees according to their expectations. Equity- Every employee wants to be treated equally among its co-workers.
 Goals- Setting some goal for the employee to achieve within the given time.

B. Importance of motivational techniques in improving team effectiveness in the organisation.
Motivational techniques which helps in giving motivation to employees according to
their desires also increases the team efficiency and effectiveness in the organisation.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs-
This theory helps the BBC to fulfil all the needs of its employees at different level. Firstly
it fulfils the basic needs and give food, shelter to the workers. Then it provides safe and secure
environment which decreases the insecurity of the employees towards their job. Every member
in the organisation requires some belonging or friend who listens to their talks or with whom
they can share their personal life (Hughes, and et.al., 2012). Each and every employee in the
company needs some recognition from which he will be known by all members in the firm.
Reaching at a level where the employee have all efficiency to perform the task in better way.
That employee needs recognition for their potential. This theory of needs makes management of
BBC capable to understand all the needs of their employees or know that what their employees
want or will inspire them to perform better. By understanding all the needs it will help the cited
organisation to meet all the needs of employees which will make them perform better. Better
performance done in task given will improve the effectiveness of team which is made in the
organisation.
Hertzberg's two factor theory-
This two factor theory helps the BBC to create safe and clean working environment
which helps the employees to perform better and increases the effectiveness of team made in the
organisation. Hygiene and motivational factors helps the cited organisation to give the salary,
working environment, benefits, recognition, power to perform the tasks to all its employees and
increases the effectiveness of their teams (Baker and Parkinson, 2016). Hygiene factors do not
satisfy but their absence can dissatisfy the employees while on the other hand motivators
provided to employees always satisfy them. Satisfied employees perform better for the
organisation and their assigned teams. It definitely will increase team effectiveness that are made
to perform some specific task in BBC.
C. Help of improved level of motivation in achieving organisational goals.
Improved level of motivation will definitely help the BBC to achieve its desired and
targeted organisational goals and objectives. There are many factors which are gained by
improved motivation and which will eventually lead to achievement of organisational goals.

 Better performance- Better motivation will lead the employees to give better
performance. Better performance will lead to efficiently achieving all the organisational
goals and objectives of the company. Performance level of employees gets improved with
better motivation which also increase their skills in handling more work. All the objective
and goals of BBC will be definitely achieved by improved level of motivation.
 Team effectiveness- Improved level of motivation increases the effectiveness of teams.
Effective and efficient team perform and completes the task or responsibilities given to
them which leads to achievement of all the objectives and goals of the cited organisation.
 Employees satisfaction- Better motivation make the employees of BBC satisfied.
Satisfied employees works more hard and better for the organisation. Improved
performance of employees increases organisational performance (Garg and Tiwari,
2015). This eventually leads to achievement of all the goals and objectives of the
company which are set by them.
 Loyalty- Improved motivational level makes the employees more loyal towards the
organisation and make them work hard. Loyalty and hard-working nature of employees
helps the cited organisation to achieve all its desired and targeted objectives and goals.
Loyalty of employees is very much important for the growth of company in the market
and to increase its reputation.
 Creativity- Better motivation leads to increase in the skills and knowledge of the
employees. It helps them use their creativity in performing the task which completes the
task in better way and helps the BBC to achieve all its objectives.
M 2
Behaviour of members can be influenced by the usage of the best motivational theory
which will improve the level of motivation in the organisation (Miller and Rice, 2013). Improved
level of motivation will help the company to meet all the need of employees and in return
employees will work more hard for the business.
TASK 3
A. Different types of teams and their importance in the organisation.
Teams in the organisation are made of some members which have same skills and
knowledge and they are grouped to perform some specific task. Teamwork is very important for

the success of any organisation. Employees need to learn to work with teams to ensure better
performance. Different types of teams in the BBC are:
 Functional teams- These teams are made in cited organisation to perform some special
functions which are required in the company.
 Problem solving team- Teams which solves the problems raised in the company are
known as problem solving teams (Rice, 2013). All the problems raised in BBC at
different levels are solved by these teams.
 Project team- Some special or specific projects are assigned to these types of teams in the
BBC. Projects teams completes the project given to them in the organisation.
 Virtual teams- Virtual teams are the teams which includes the members who are different
from each other and have different skills which are required to perform the task. BBC
makes these teams when the task to be performed requires different skills.
B- Explain what makes an effective team in the BBC. In answering this question you should
relate to appropriate theory such as Tuckman and Jensen’s model of team development
and/or Belbin’s team roles.
1-forming- in this every team member is introduced to each other by formally shaking hands
with each other and knowing about each other. They talk about their interests, background,
family, etc. BBC should also discuss project in this stage and the roles are also given to them by
the team leader (Shymko, 2015). In this all of them are informed about the project and the
deadline of completing the project.
2- storming- BBC should have a general discussion of every team member that how a particular
task can be done in effective manner. They share their opinions and problems and listen to each
other carefully and also decide that who will work with whom.
3- norming- in this stage the team members are now free to communicate to each other. They
appreciate others, share their views, strengths, etc. They ask for help and are more committed
towards the project. The concepts are also determined in this stage. In this there is a positive
growth towards the project.
4- performing- at this stage the team leader starts evaluating the performance of the team and the
team members also starts to do hard work for the project. The leaving of any team member does
not affect the entire team and the bonding of the team starts getting stronger. The team
relationship is also established in this stage.

5- adjourning- it is a last stage where the completion of the project is done and it is time to leave
or to break the team. Many team members find it difficult to leave at this stage because they have
a created a bond within them. Few teams go further in other projects but the members are always
not the same (Yang and Ng, 2015). Many team members leave on their own for a better future.
M 3
Functional team is the best team that can be made in organisation like BBC to perform
various functions for the business. This team includes the members of same skills to perform the
given task. Tuckman's theory will help BBC for the team development.
TASK 4
A- Using an appropriate organisational concept/theory (such as path-goal theory) suggest how
team performance and productivity could be improved within the BBC.
The path goal theory can be very effective in improving the team performance at BBC
Employee characteristics:- BBC should have employees based on their characteristics like
those who are less motivated should be kept under a motivated leader (Hassard and Pym, 2012).
The best leader should be there to motivate them and encourage them to do their work.
Task and environmental characteristics- the BBC leaders should categorize the employees in
the basis of task and environment. For ex- if an employee is not able to cross a difficult path thee
the leader must step in and shows another path to the employee. The leader should make the task
easy for the employees.
Select leadership style- the leader should select appropriate style to get the task done easy
manner. His leadership style should not affect the working of the employees. It includes
directive, supportive, participative and achievement. In this the employees are aware of what is
expected from them. The leader also participate in the task completing (Symon and Cassell,
2012). He also supports the employees whenever needed.
Employee traits- in BBC employee have their own traits and characteristics. Employees needs,
goals, experience, job satisfaction varies form one person to another. So the employees should be
analyse by the leaders and then according to their traits they should be put under a particular
leader. The leader should be in a regular touch with the employees to see if there is s change in
any of the traits of the employees.

Environment- here the employee is directly connected to the workplace environment. The
environment which he is unable to control. The environment can harm the performance of the
employee so the leader should give personal guidance to the employees regarding their role and
performance. The internal environment should be controlled by the leaders by having a positive
relation with the employees.
B- What have been the main barriers to effective performance within the BBC?
There can be many barriers of effective communication within an organisation. These barriers
depend upon the size and culture of the organisation (Haslam, van Knippenberg and Ellemers,
2014). The barriers may be inside or outside the organisation. The main barriers are-:
Multitasking- It is an art of doing multiple amount of work at the same time. It is a
barrier in which the employee can forgot an important information, document, etc. of an
employee or an organisation. The employee also have stress of another work which is not
completed by him at a particular time and this is called stress. So this is happening in BBC right
now where many anchors are given multiple task at the same time to perform.
1. Poor communication- lack of communication between the management and the
employees can hinder the growth of the organisation. It may due to improper instructions,
unfollowed rules, lack of management involvement, rumours, gossips between the
employees, etc. It can also happen due to bad relations between the management and the
employees (Chapman, Johnson and Kilner, 2014). The reporters are at different places
and the studio is at different place so they are not able to get proper instructions from
their superior regarding the news.
2. Inconsistent policy enforcement- if the company apply policies without the permission
of employees it can be a barrier in effective performance. Also, the if there is level of
unfairness between the employees due to sex, gender, religion, working environment, etc.
this will restrict the employees to work freely in the organisation and Wil have a negative
impact on them. BBC also are applying these policies without consulting the employees.
3. Language- it is the most effective barrier in any organisation. Nowadays many
management give instructions in English and because of that many employees are not
able to understand what the proper instruction is, so they often do mistake in doing a
particular work or task (Densten, 2015). As the BBC reporters travels in different
countries so they are not able to communicate properly with the locals reading there.

4. Information overload- too much information can divert the minds of the audience from
the real news and important topics. The information is taken by many reporters at same
time thus making the blunder (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2012). The management also
does not have any control on the movement of the news and important information.
CONCLUSION
This report concludes that culture, politics and power influence the organisational
behaviour which can be in positive or negative way. It is necessary for organisation to provide
the needed motivation to its employees which increase their performance and team effectiveness
in the company. Many teams are made in the organisation to perform the different types of tasks.
There are many barriers which affects performance of organisation in the market.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Baker, M.J. and Parkinson, S.T., 2016. Organizational buying behaviour: purchasing and
marketing management implications. Springer.
Chapman, L. A., Johnson, D. and Kilner, K., 2014. Leadership styles used by senior medical
leaders: Patterns, influences and implications for leadership development. Leadership in Health
Services. 27(4) pp.283 – 298.
Densten, L. I., 2005. Clarifying inspirational motivation and its relationship to extra effort.
Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 23(1). pp.40 – 44.
Garg, A. and Tiwari, P., 2015. A Synthesis of Literature on Ethics Program for Political
Behaviour in Organization. International Journal of Management & Behavioural Sciences
(IJMBS). 6. p.372.
Haslam, S.A. and et.al., 2014. Social identity at work: Developing theory for organisational
practice. Psychology Press.
Haslam, S.A., van Knippenberg, D. and Ellemers, N. eds., 2014. Social identity at work:
Developing theory for organizational practice. Psychology Press.
Hassard, J. and Pym, D. eds., 2012. The theory and philosophy of organizations: critical issues
and new perspectives. Routledge.
Hitt, M., Ireland, R. D. and Hoskisson, R., 2012. Strategic management cases: competitiveness
and globalization. Cengage Learning.
Hofstede, G., 2010. Cultures and Organisations: Software of the Mind. 3rd ed. New York:
McGraw-Hill.
Hughes, H. P. N., and et.al., 2012. Agent-based modelling and simulation: The potential
contribution to organisational psychology. Journal of Occupational and Organisational
Psychology. 85(3). pp.487–502
Miller, E.J. and Rice, A.K., 2013. Systems of organization: The control of task and sentient
boundaries. Routledge.
Moody, C. R. and Pesut, J. D., 2006. The motivation to care: Application and extension of
motivation theory to professional nursing work. Journal of Health Organization and
Management. 20(1). pp.15 – 48.
Rice, A.L., 2013. The enterprise and its environment: A system theory of management
organization. Routledge.

Shymko, Y., 2015. The forgotten humanness of organizations. Developing Leadership:
Questions Business Schools Don't Ask. p.67.
Symon, G. and Cassell, C. eds., 2012. Qualitative organizational research: core methods and
current challenges. Sage.
Weick, K. E., 2012. Making sense of the organization: Volume 2: The impermanent organization
(Vol. 2). John Wiley & Sons.
Yang, X. and Ng, Y.K., 2015. Specialization and economic organization: A new classical
microeconomic framework. Elsevier.
Zhou, K. Z., Yim, C. K. and Tse, D. K., 2005. The effects of strategic orientations on
technology-and market-based breakthrough innovations. Journal of marketing. 69(2).
pp.42-60.