David Game College HND: Psychology of Behaviour - Unit 27 Report

This report, prepared for a Higher National Diploma in Public Services, delves into the psychology of behaviour, focusing on Unit 27. It begins by defining and describing various psychological perspectives, such as biological and humanistic perspectives, and how they explain human behaviour, particularly within the context of trauma-informed practices in public services. The report then examines group influence, conformity, and obedience, and how these factors affect human behaviour. Furthermore, it outlines the influences and factors that contribute to criminal activity. Finally, it explores how psychological perspectives are applied by individuals and teams within public services, emphasizing the importance of understanding human behaviour to effectively address issues such as trauma and crime. The report aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the psychological principles that underpin behaviour in various social contexts.

UNIT 27
PSYCHOLOGY OF
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.......................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Describe range of psychological perspectives and how they explain human behavior.......................3
TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................................6
P2 Define research into group influence, conformity and obedience and in what manner human
behavior is affected..................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3.......................................................................................................................................................7
P3 Outline influences and factors that contributes in criminal activity....................................................7
TASK 4.......................................................................................................................................................8
P4 How psychological perspectives applied by an individual in public services.....................................8
P5 How psychological perspective can be applied to teams within public services.................................9
CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
A behavior is associated with how an individual person behaves within another one in an
occurring situation. Behavioral psychology is a term that is related with the condition included in
development, maintenance, elimination and control of behavior of a person and several other
organisms. Psychological approaches refer to that approach which includes the beliefs related to
human behavior that helps in understanding the whole study of a person in an effective manner.
In this report a project called beyond youth custody is to be undertaken. This project states that
number of people especially young ones are experiencing trauma that reflecting abuse or loss. In
this ministry of justice taken an initiative to resolve the issue related to trauma by executing
trauma informed practice within the agencies in justice system. Trauma related practices helps in
understanding the factors which affect users of public services along with their impact on social,
psychological, biological etc. This report includes the several aspects of psychological factors
such as range of psychological perspectives that helps in reflecting the human behavior in
particular situation (Hodgetts and et. al., 2020) . It also inculcates the group influence,
conformity and obedience that affected a person behavior which helps service provider to control
the individual behavior properly and effectively. Further it represents the several factors that are
associated with criminal activities along with psychological perspective that are applied by an
individual to teams in public services so that behavior of a human being is to be maintained.
MAIN BODY
Describe range of psychological perspectives and how they explain human behavior
Psychological perspective is associated with the guidance that a person presented to
interpret an individual person behavior. There are several manners to examine the behavior of
human being. In this psychologists focus on variety of perspectives at the time of think about an
individual feeling, behavior (Schill and et. al., 2019). Trauma refers to an aspect which is based
on several substance such as mental illness, bad health, stigma and many more. In this trauma
informed practice are refers to those that are linked with people safety and care so that an
individual person cannot face the issue of re – traumatized again. Within this approach a civil
agent focus on analyzing the sign of trauma so that offering care is easy and effective that reflect
positive results in overall human behavior. As a civil servant of Justice system several

perspective are to be adopted that helps in implementing trauma informed practice within the
agency so that a person behaves properly without getting offend that are caused by Trauma.
Some range of psychological perspective is presented below that helps in elaborating a human
behavior:
 Biological perspective - It refers to an effective range of psychological perspective that
is significant to understand the psychological issues. As these issues related to
psychology perspective and can be determined by studying the physical basis for living
beings. It is a core perspective within psychology that includes and the studying of
human brain, nervous system, immune system and genetics. This range of perspective is
created by Charles Darwin. As a civil servant of justice system within tribunals, police,
prisons etc., this range of perspective is highly effective at the time of implement trauma
informed practice. Person having the issues related to trauma are associated with the risk
of several substance like abuse, dependence, high health related consequences, anxiety,
physical disorders etc. In current study of ‘Beyond Youth Custody’ relation between
trauma and violent crimes are reflected among young people. Due to this ministry of
justice emphasis on taken an initiative for executing the trauma informed approach where
they offer care to those people who are victim of their issue. Within this they adopt the
use of Biological perspective (Vignali and et. al., 2019). It helps in representing how the
behavior of a person is shaping at initial stage. This perspective elaborate the human
behavior by examine nervous system and working of hormones. This determinant helps
ministry of justice in examine the young people behavior that violates crime and faces
trauma. Crime violations and trauma is to be faced by a person due to facing issues in
society like discrimination on the basis of race, gender, identity etc. within this Biological
perspective is highly useful because it helps in studying a feeling, thinking of a person.
Hence implementing this determinant of psychology within Trauma informed approach is
highly useful because it helps in examine particular person behavior effectively and
efficiently. By offering health related care to the person, justice system can develops a
better person by eliminating issues related to trauma and developing activities where
offenders got opportunities to develop their sense of initiative to make decisions for
betterment. It will remove crime in the society. This theory is very useful to learn the
behavior of people so that ministry of justice focuses on reducing the issue of trauma in

the victims and also examine the fraud people mind by recognizing their mental health
setting. In this they take the help of therapists and counselors so that people state of mind
is easily identified. Hence it is very useful to examine the range of human behavior
properly and efficiently. For instance- A person behaviors is to be changes in negative
manner than this theory is very useful to examine the source of changing behavior.
Because it is to be examined that a change in behavior is to be done when there is genetic
issue or a person face the damage. This create trauma in behavior of one person to
overcome with this that person go to counselor to save from brain damage.
 Humanistic perspective - This range of psychological perspective is mainly emphasis on
studying the whole person. It helps in examine a human behavior in the eyes of an
observer. This perspective states that an individual person behavior is interlinked with
their inner feeling and self image. This theory helps an individual to help other people to
fulfill their positive potential for enhancing the well being. It is the best way to explaining
human behavior (De Vos, 2019). For instance- A person is suffering from poverty and
wants some food, water and shelter for this he/she can do anything to fulfill this need. It
will create trauma and violates crime in the society. Within this observer analyze that
poverty person is insecure from another one due to this they conduct crime. On the other
hand now-days social media is very trending where mainly young people are share their
personal life due to this most young people experienced trauma resulting from loss and
abuse. At this time ministry of justice focus on implementing trauma informed approach
that helps in examine the traumatic events which affect the users of public services
(Strauch and et. al., 2019). Within Trauma informed approach this perspective is highly
effective because in this civil servant can examine the individual behavior and offer care
according to that without discriminating to others. This helps in reducing the issues
related to young offenders.
Similarities and differences between the theories in explaining human behavior
The concept of Biological and humanistic psychology perspectives have great difference.
Highlight the difference between these two with relation to human behavior are presented below:
Humanistic perspective elaborates the present behavior of humans rather than past or
future. In this human also learn behavior from society and environment but on the other hand

biological perspective elaborates genetic feeling that impact a human behavior in all age (Haslam
and et. al., 2018). In this human inherits behavior from their family where there is no power of
influencing features within environment. Humanistic determinant indicates the personal growth
that helps in attaining goals in the life whereas biological theory emphasis on person intelligence
that represent a behavior of human.
Analyse why these theories is relevant to public services and social influence on behavior
It is to be analyzed that adopting the humanistic theory by Justice System helps in setting
values related to understanding the human nature and human condition. It is also useful in
scrutiny the study of the human behavior (Gatersleben, 2018). This theory emphasis on ultimate
good of humans and their potentials that helps in maintaining connection between society and
people by reducing trauma and criminal violation. Whereas biological perspective is a basis of
human behavior that helps public services to understand the mind of a person to attain objectives
related to handling humans.
Define research into group influence, conformity and obedience and in what manner
human behavior is affected
 Group influence- It is a term that occurs when the member of group influences the
behavior and ideas of other person within the same group. These groups are formed in
several manners such as family, friends, work, social and many more. Within this group
focus on sharing beliefs and experiences for strengthen the group that can be done in
positive and negative manner. In creating trauma and violent crimes within youth group
people influences majorly because in today’s world social status is highly essential for a
person and to maintains this most of the people involves in crimes and feel trauma (Stark
and Meschik, 2018). To overcome this issue within youth public services like police,
prisons focus on creating awareness by implementing trauma informed approach so that
group people influence good behavior. This impacted on human behavior in positive and
negative manner. If a group is made with good people who have down to earth feeling
influences others that helps in removing trauma within this that impact positive on human
behavior. Whereas if a public service that is police group cannot handle their criminals
effectively than it negatively affect their behavior which enhances crime rather than
reducing it.

 Conformity- It is the process where people focus on changing their belief, attitude,
perception and many more to closely match the group of positive people. It is highly
beneficial for social implication that helps in actively researched (Jetten, 2020). For
instance- in this if public service like police, court hardly punishes the young offenders
for their crime than it will negatively changes the belief of a person but if they focus on
caring that person with care and smartness than it will positively affect a human behavior
and their perception that helps in eliminating from trauma.
 Obedience- It refers to form of social influence where human behavior performs their
actions under the orders of an authority. In terms of public service like police, tribunal,
courts etc. present the orders for restraining the crime that was conducted by a person so
that it cannot be occur repeatedly. This also helps in altering the human behavior by
reducing the trauma and crime.
When an individual person is facing the issue of trauma than it is very challenging for the
person that offer public service to customers to gain knowledge and information related to the
incident that affects their life in drastic manner. As per research it is to be examined that trauma
related issues are to be overcome effectively by offering public service in terms of influencing
groups, obedience and conformity. For instance- if a a person see crime in front of his/her eyes
than police cannot force the trauma victim to gather information related to crime because due to
this that trauma person unconscious and does not deliver right information to police due to this it
creates tension in police to catch the fraud easily. To handle trauma practive people it is very
essential to examine human and psychological behavior so that information is easily gathered by
police related to crime.
Outline influences and factors that contributes in criminal activity
Criminal activities are the violation of law that is imposed by government parties. There
are various factors which contribute in criminal activities that are demonstrated below:
 Biological risk factors - It is the major factor that contributes mainly in criminal activity.
Not all individual human having same eye color, skin color, brain etc. this will create
depression to epilepsy within human being (Verplanken, Verplanken and Ryan, 2018). In
this researcher states that criminals are not born but due to discrimination occur in society

that create traumas influences a person to involve in criminal activities so that they can
satisfy their inner feeling.
 Adverse childhood experience - It is the factor that influences criminal activities. Those
children rose in bad condition or a bad surrounding enhances the risk of developing
criminal behavior that is big in adulthood. In this research states that criminal children
faces major challenges and experience in their life as compare to non criminal human
beings. Bad surroundings highly negatively impact the human behavior and this causes
trauma in the children mind that was reflected in their young age.
 Negative social environment - This factor highly emphasis on criminal activities. A
society is a place that influences a person behavior. To involve in a high crime contact
within society for a long period of time there is high chances to indulge a person into
criminal activities. In this not only criminal surrounding can make a person to do a
criminal activities (Krueger, Rashidi and Auld, 2019). According to research it is
reflected that a human who belongs to poverty increases the human behavior to
contribute in criminal activities.
 Anti social personality - It is the major factor that influences the criminal activity. It is
associated with a typical behavior that is prior to the human age i.e. around fifteen that
includes the several activities like skipping school, lying, stealing things and harm other
properties and animals and many more. It is the major factor that highly contributes in
enhancing criminal activities.
How psychological perspectives applied by an individual in public services
Psychological perspective are several types but within this report that is based on public
service where civil servant adopts the use of biological and humanistic perspective. In this an
individual who offer public service like police applied the range of perspective to overcome the
increasing number of criminals within society. In this an individual applied the use of
psychology perspective to motivate an individual person towards good work so that they focus
on finishing the targets on deadline. These perspectives are applied by a police psychologist who
works with the police officers and the related department to offers the support associated with
psychology. This support may indulge pre-employment assessment, debriefing the law
enforcement individual after facing the traumatic situation, having criminal profile (Hughes,
2018). In this an individual needs a doctorate degree along with legal license so that they offer

services to the young offends who causes trauma and crime violation. In this individual person
applied above explained two range of perspective i.e. humanistic and biological determinant. For
offering criminal justice to the criminal an individual having a degree of forensic psychologist
where they examine the biological perspective to provide the services to the people for assisting
legal system. In terms of ministry of justice they want to implement the trauma informed
approach where they offers care and safety to the young offenders in this an individual offer their
services by applying psychological perspective in offering the services to the criminals (Carson,
2019). Within this psychiatric is an individual who applied humanistic perspective in public
services as a person is working for providing criminal justice to offer mental health to the
individual person by providing care to them. Therefore Trauma is a considered as an abnormal
experience. According to one research it is demonstrate that trauma affects the life of general
population that would create natural disaster.
How psychological perspective can be applied to teams within public services
It is being reflected that implementing psychological perspective within public service by
a team is very significant because it helps in offering care and safety to the trauma and crime
violated people that are basically young adults as per the report of ‘Beyond Youth Services’.
This perspective has reflected that public services have abolished the previous policy of treating
criminals but focus on implementing new techniques for handling them. Humanistic perspective
of psychology is to be applied by a team within public service i.e. court where they hire a
medical team to examine the behavior of criminals as per there needs and desires for this they
need a medical degree with an experience of around 1 year so that analyzing their behavior is to
be easy for them. In terms of Ministry of justice they focus on executing trauma informed
approach where they emphasis on several evidence like reoffended rates that means a criminal
cannot arrested for new crime for 3 years after releases. It is implemented by applying the
psychological perspective within trauma informed centered (Techer and et. al., 2019). In this
ministry of justice also focus on implementing rehabilitation programmers where they emphasis
on anger management that is occur for controlling a person anger (Maze, 2019) . This helps in
an individual human being to deal with situation effectively without facing trauma and involving
in criminal activity along with regulating traffic safety program, offering lifestyle training to
offenders etc. As civil agent it is being reflected that by examine the human behavior using
psychology perspective rehabilitation programmed is best for the individual and team to applied

in public services as it represent the positive solution related to overcome the trauma stress and
increasing number of criminals.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is to be presented that focuses on psychological behavior is very
essential to examine a human behavior in particular situation. In this report ministry of justice
implemented the trauma- informed practices for overcoming the issue of crimes and violent
nature of a person. Therefore this report helps an individual to get the high knowledge regarding
psychology perspective that helps in analyzing human behavior so that controlling them would
be easy. In this report humanistic and biological perspective range of psychology is considered.
Within this it also inculcates the various factors like obedience, conformity and group influence
that helps in explaining the human behavior effectively in this various factors also included that
helps public services to examine the occurrence of criminal activities that helps in implementing
trauma informed approach. Further it understands the various terms related to psychological
perspective that is implemented by an individual or team people within the public services.
Public services are related to police, tribunals, and courts etc. that focus on applying
psychological perspective so that trauma and crime violations are eliminated within society.

REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Carson, R.C., 2019. Interaction concepts of personality. Routledge.
De Vos, J., 2019. Satisfaction-induced travel behaviour. Transportation research part F: traffic
psychology and behavior. 63. pp.12-21.
Gatersleben, B., 2018. Measuring environmental behaviour. Environmental psychology: An
introduction, pp.155-166.
Haslam, C. and et. al., 2018. The new psychology of health: Unlocking the social cure.
Routledge.
Hodgetts, D. and et. al., 2020. Social psychology and everyday life. Red Globe Press.
Hughes, B.M., 2018. Psychology in crisis. Macmillan International Higher Education.
Jetten, J., 2020. Together apart: The psychology of COVID-19. Sage.
Krueger, R., Rashidi, T.H. and Auld, J., 2019. Preferences for travel-based multitasking:
Evidence from a survey among public transit users in the Chicago metropolitan
area. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 65. pp.334-
343.
Maze, J.R., 2019. The meaning of behaviour. Routledge.
Schill, C. and et. al., 2019. A more dynamic understanding of human behaviour for the
Anthropocene. Nature Sustainability. 2(12). pp.1075-1082.
Stark, J. and Meschik, M., 2018. Women’s everyday mobility: Frightening situations and their
impacts on travel behaviour. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and
behavior. 54. pp.311-323.
Strauch, C. and et. al., 2019. Real autonomous driving from a passenger’s perspective: two
experimental investigations using gaze behaviour and trust ratings in field and
simulator. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behavior. 66. pp.15-
28.
Techer, F. and et. al., 2019. Anger and highly automated driving in urban areas: The role of time
pressure. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behavior. 64. pp.353-
360.
Verplanken, B., Verplanken, B. and Ryan, 2018. Psychology of habit. Cham, Switzerland:
Springer.
Vignali, V. and et. al., 2019. Road sign vision and driver behaviour in work
zones. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behavior. 60. pp.474-484.